Download or read book High Frequency Multiphase Clock Generation Using Multipath Oscillators and Applications written by Amr Amin Abou-El-Sonoun and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oscillators and frequency dividers are core building blocks in communications systems and processors used to provide proper synchronization for the flow of information. Different variations of the conventional ring oscillator that involve coupling of different oscillator-stages or different oscillators have been introduced to provide multiple-phases without penalizing the oscillation frequency. These variations, known as multipath ring oscillators, enable system designers to relax the performance-power trade-off through parallelism. These oscillator structures, however, introduce additional degrees of freedom and expand the design space considerably which makes the process of designing them optimally a very difficult task. This dissertation introduces an accurate analytical model and comprehensive analysis for multipath ring oscillators and frequency dividers. The results of the analysis are incorporated into an optimization algorithm that allows a designer to arrive at the desired optimal design at a very short time. The analysis explains the factors that affect the different performance metrics including the number of phases, oscillation frequency, phase noise, and oscillation-mode stability. As an example application, a 48 Gb/s serializing transmitter is designed in 65nm CMOS technology using superharmonic injection-locked multipath ring oscillators to generate multiphase sampling clock signals for the various stages of the serializer. The ability to generate multiple clock phases at relatively high frequencies and low power cost allows significant power and area savings in the overall Transmitter.
Download or read book Multiphase Reference Signal Generation Using Coupled Oscillators written by Mohammad Hekmat and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The continuing trend toward higher frequencies of operation poses formidable challenges in the design of multiphase reference signals at mm-wave frequencies and beyond. Conventional multiphase reference generation techniques face serious implementation or performance challenges when scaled to microwave and mm-wave frequencies. Ring oscillators suffer from poor phase noise, and hence fail to fulfill the stringent requirements of most wireless applications. Generating multiphase signals by dividing the output of an oscillator operating at multiples of the intended frequency of operation is impractical when frequencies approach the mm-wave range. Cross-coupled LC oscillators have been explored as a promising alternative for multiphase and, in particular, quadrature generation. However, the frequency ambiguity that results from multiple modes of operation, as well as the severe phase noise degradation due to their inherent off-resonance operation, has inhibited their utilization in practice. This work introduces a new topology for coupled oscillators that solves the frequency ambiguity issue and mitigates phase noise degradation in coupled oscillators by employing an array of LC oscillators that are coupled in a bidirectional fashion. The proposed bidirectional coupling enforces operation at the resonance frequency of the LC tanks of the oscillator in the loop, a property that proves to be key in solving both the aforementioned issues. A quadrature frequency doubling topology using bidirectionally-coupled oscillators is also presented. The proposed approach relaxes the linearity requirements on the mixers employed in the circuit, thus allowing the frequency doubler to use highly nonlinear mixers. An experimental prototype integrated in a 90-nm CMOS technology provides output phases in increments of 45 degrees and achieves a phase noise of −101 dBc/Hz at 1- MHz offset from a 19.6-GHz carrier. The quadrature 40-GHz signal generated on chip drives a single-sideband transmitter that achieves a sideband suppression of better than 45 dB.
Download or read book High Frequency Oscillator Design for Integrated Transceivers written by J. van der Tang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-14 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text covers the analysis and design of all high-frequency oscillators required to realize integrated transceivers for wireless and wired applications. Starting with an in-depth review of basic oscillator theory, the authors provide a detailed analysis of many oscillator types and circuit topologies.
Download or read book Multiphase Reference Signal Generation Using Coupled Oscillators written by Mohammad Hekmat and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The continuing trend toward higher frequencies of operation poses formidable challenges in the design of multiphase reference signals at mm-wave frequencies and beyond. Conventional multiphase reference generation techniques face serious implementation or performance challenges when scaled to microwave and mm-wave frequencies. Ring oscillators suffer from poor phase noise, and hence fail to fulfill the stringent requirements of most wireless applications. Generating multiphase signals by dividing the output of an oscillator operating at multiples of the intended frequency of operation is impractical when frequencies approach the mm-wave range. Cross-coupled LC oscillators have been explored as a promising alternative for multiphase and, in particular, quadrature generation. However, the frequency ambiguity that results from multiple modes of operation, as well as the severe phase noise degradation due to their inherent off-resonance operation, has inhibited their utilization in practice. This work introduces a new topology for coupled oscillators that solves the frequency ambiguity issue and mitigates phase noise degradation in coupled oscillators by employing an array of LC oscillators that are coupled in a bidirectional fashion. The proposed bidirectional coupling enforces operation at the resonance frequency of the LC tanks of the oscillator in the loop, a property that proves to be key in solving both the aforementioned issues. A quadrature frequency doubling topology using bidirectionally-coupled oscillators is also presented. The proposed approach relaxes the linearity requirements on the mixers employed in the circuit, thus allowing the frequency doubler to use highly nonlinear mixers. An experimental prototype integrated in a 90-nm CMOS technology provides output phases in increments of 45 degrees and achieves a phase noise of -101 dBc/Hz at 1- MHz offset from a 19.6-GHz carrier. The quadrature 40-GHz signal generated on chip drives a single-sideband transmitter that achieves a sideband suppression of better than 45 dB.
Download or read book Journal of the Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CMOS Time Mode Circuits and Systems written by Fei Yuan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Time-mode circuits, where information is represented by time difference between digital events, offer a viable and technology-friendly means to realize mixed-mode circuits and systems in nanometer complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies. Various architectures of time-based signal processing and design techniques of CMOS time-mode circuits have emerged; however, an in-depth examination of the principles of time-based signal processing and design techniques of time-mode circuits has not been available—until now. CMOS Time-Mode Circuits and Systems: Fundamentals and Applications is the first book to deliver a comprehensive treatment of CMOS time-mode circuits and systems. Featuring contributions from leading experts, this authoritative text contains a rich collection of literature on time-mode circuits and systems. The book begins by presenting a critical comparison of voltage-mode, current-mode, and time-mode signaling for mixed-mode signal processing and then: Covers the fundamentals of time-mode signal processing, such as voltage-to-time converters, all-digital phase-locked loops, and frequency synthesizers Investigates the performance characteristics, architecture, design techniques, and implementation of time-to-digital converters Discusses time-mode delta-sigma-based analog-to-digital converters, placing a great emphasis on time-mode quantizers Includes a detailed study of ultra-low-power integrated time-mode temperature measurement systems CMOS Time-Mode Circuits and Systems: Fundamentals and Applications provides a valuable reference for circuit design engineers, hardware system engineers, graduate students, and others seeking to master this fast-evolving field.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book Design of CMOS Phase Locked Loops written by Behzad Razavi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This modern, pedagogic textbook from leading author Behzad Razavi provides a comprehensive and rigorous introduction to CMOS PLL design, featuring intuitive presentation of theoretical concepts, extensive circuit simulations, over 200 worked examples, and 250 end-of-chapter problems. The perfect text for senior undergraduate and graduate students.
Download or read book Instructor s Solution Manaul for Operation and Modeling of the Mo 3rd Ed written by Charles Batchelor Professor of Electrical Engineering Yannis Tsividis and published by . This book was released on 2010-12-14 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nyquist AD Converters Sensor Interfaces and Robustness written by Arthur H.M. van Roermund and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-26 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the 18 presentations during the 21st workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. Expert designers provide readers with information about a variety of topics at the frontier of analog circuit design, including Nyquist analog-to-digital converters, capacitive sensor interfaces, reliability, variability, and connectivity. This book serves as a valuable reference to the state-of-the-art, for anyone involved in analog circuit research and development.
Download or read book The Engineering Index Annual written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 2264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its creation in 1884, Engineering Index has covered virtually every major engineering innovation from around the world. It serves as the historical record of virtually every major engineering innovation of the 20th century. Recent content is a vital resource for current awareness, new production information, technological forecasting and competitive intelligence. The world?s most comprehensive interdisciplinary engineering database, Engineering Index contains over 10.7 million records. Each year, over 500,000 new abstracts are added from over 5,000 scholarly journals, trade magazines, and conference proceedings. Coverage spans over 175 engineering disciplines from over 80 countries. Updated weekly.
Download or read book Digital Microwave Communication written by George Kizer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-06-24 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to cover all engineering aspects of microwave communication path design for the digital age Fixed point-to-point microwave systems provide moderate-capacity digital transmission between well-defined locations. Most popular in situations where fiber optics or satellite communication is impractical, it is commonly used for cellular or PCS site interconnectivity where digital connectivity is needed but not economically available from other sources, and in private networks where reliability is most important. Until now, no book has adequately treated all engineering aspects of microwave communications in the digital age. This important new work provides readers with the depth of knowledge necessary for all the system engineering details associated with fixed point-to-point microwave radio path design: the why, what, and how of microwave transmission; design objectives; engineering methodologies; and design philosophy (in the bid, design, and acceptance phase of the project). Written in an easily accessible format, Digital Microwave Communication features an appendix of specialized engineering details and formulas, and offers up chapter coverage of: A Brief History of Microwave Radio Microwave Radio Overview System Components Hypothetical Reference Circuits Multipath Fading Rain Fading Reflections and Obstructions Network Reliability Calculations Regulation of Microwave Radio Networks Radio Network Performance Objectives Designing and Operating Microwave Systems Antennas Radio Diversity Ducting and Obstruction Fading Digital Receiver Interference Path Performance Calculations Digital Microwave Communication: Engineering Point-to-Point Microwave Systems will be of great interest to engineers and managers who specify, design, or evaluate fixed point-to-point microwave systems associated with communications systems and equipment manufacturers, independent and university research organizations, government agencies, telecommunications services, and other users.
Download or read book Analog Circuit Design written by Willy M.C. Sansen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume concentrates on three topics: mixed analog--digital circuit design, sensor interface circuits and communication circuits. The book comprises six papers on each topic of a tutorial nature aimed at improving the design of analog circuits. The book is divided into three parts. Part I: Mixed Analog--Digital Circuit Design considers the largest growth area in microelectronics. Both standard designs and ASICs have begun integrating analog cells and digital sections on the same chip. The papers cover topics such as groundbounce and supply-line spikes, design methodologies for high-level design and actual mixed analog--digital designs. Part II: Sensor Interface Circuits describes various types of signal conditioning circuits and interfaces for sensors. These include interface solutions for capacitive sensors, sigma--delta modulation used to combine a microprocessor compatible interface with on chip CMOS sensors, injectable sensors and responders, signal conditioning circuits and sensors combined with indirect converters. Part III: Communication Circuits concentrates on systems and implemented circuits for use in personal communication systems. These have applications in cordless telephones and mobile telephone systems for use in cellular networks. A major requirement for these systems is low power consumption, especially when operating in standby mode, so as to maximise the time between battery recharges.
Download or read book Time to Digital Converters written by Stephan Henzler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micro-electronics and so integrated circuit design are heavily driven by technology scaling. The main engine of scaling is an increased system performance at reduced manufacturing cost (per system). In most systems digital circuits dominate with respect to die area and functional complexity. Digital building blocks take full - vantage of reduced device geometries in terms of area, power per functionality, and switching speed. On the other hand, analog circuits rely not on the fast transition speed between a few discrete states but fairly on the actual shape of the trans- tor characteristic. Technology scaling continuously degrades these characteristics with respect to analog performance parameters like output resistance or intrinsic gain. Below the 100 nm technology node the design of analog and mixed-signal circuits becomes perceptibly more dif cult. This is particularly true for low supply voltages near to 1V or below. The result is not only an increased design effort but also a growing power consumption. The area shrinks considerably less than p- dicted by the digital scaling factor. Obviously, both effects are contradictory to the original goal of scaling. However, digital circuits become faster, smaller, and less power hungry. The fast switching transitions reduce the susceptibility to noise, e. g. icker noise in the transistors. There are also a few drawbacks like the generation of power supply noise or the lack of power supply rejection.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design of CMOS RF Integrated Circuits and Systems written by Kiat Seng Yeo and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the most comprehensive and in-depth coverage of the latest circuit design developments in RF CMOS technology. It is a practical and cutting-edge guide, packed with proven circuit techniques and innovative design methodologies for solving challenging problems associated with RF integrated circuits and systems. This invaluable resource features a collection of the finest design practices that may soon drive the system-on-chip revolution. Using this book's state-of-the-art design techniques, one can apply existing technologies in novel ways and to create new circuit designs for the future.
