Download or read book Heterogeneity in Asthma written by Allan R. Brasier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asthma is a chronic relapsing airways disease that represents a major public health problem worldwide. Intermittent exacerbations are provoked by airway mucosal exposure to pro-inflammatory stimuli, with RNA viral infections or inhaled allergens representing the two most common precipitants. In this setting, inducible signaling pathways the airway mucosa play a central role in the initiation of airway inflammation through production of antimicrobial peptides (defensins), cytokines, chemokines and arachidonic acid metabolites that coordinate the complex processes of vascular permeability, cellular recruitment, mucous hyper-secretion, bronchial constriction and tissue remodeling. These signals also are responsible for leukocytic infiltration into the submucosa, T helper-lymphocyte skewing, and allergic sensitization. Currently, it is well appreciated that asthma is a heterogeneous in terms of onset, exacerbants, severity, and treatment response. Current asthma classification methods are largely descriptive and focus on a single aspect or dimension of the disease. An active area of investigation on how to collect, use and visualize multidimensional profiling in asthma. This book will overview multidimensional profiling strategies and visualization approaches for phenotyping asthma. As an outcome, this work will facilitate the understanding of disease etiology, prognosis and/or therapeutic intervention. ​

Download or read book Severe Asthma written by Yong Chul Lee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-30 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents state of the art knowledge on severe asthma with the aim of providing readers with a clear understanding of, first, the heterogeneity of the condition and of patients’ symptom profiles and responses to therapy and, second, the future implications of this heterogeneity for individualized patient care. After an opening section that offers an overview of severe asthma, including its clinical significance, the pathogenesis, available diagnostic approaches, and treatment options are described in detail. The sections on diagnosis and treatment cover the role of biomarkers, the use of radiologic diagnostic modalities, and both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies, including emerging options that will address hitherto unmet needs of patients. The outcomes of cutting-edge preclinical and clinical research are carefully documented and numerous useful tips provided on patient management. The inclusion of many informative schematic figures will assist readers in grasping the contents easily. The book will be of high value for medical students, researchers, general physicians, specialists, and paramedical staff.

Download or read book Precision Approaches to Heterogeneity in Asthma written by Allan R. Brasier and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease that causes substantial morbidity and has been challenging to treat due to its heterogeneous onset, environmental triggers, severity, and treatment response. To update the field on the rapid advances in this field, Precision Approaches to Heterogeneity in Asthma follows its highly successful predecessor, Heterogeneity in Asthma. In this new volume, noted authorities Allan R Brasier and Nizar N Jarjour and a cadre of leaders in the field incorporate new work advancing our understanding of phenotypes (endotypes) of disease, regional variations in ventilation, systems approach to analyzing the findings from studies of inducible phenotypes, and emerging results of biomarker-informed clinical trials. This work will facilitate our current understanding of the spectrum of disease etiology, prognosis, and the likelihood of responding to the range of available therapeutic interventions.

Download or read book Severe Asthma written by Kian Fan Chung and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2019-06-01 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Severe asthma is a form of asthma that responds poorly to currently available medication, and its patients represent those with greatest unmet needs. In the last 10 years, substantial progress has been made in terms of understanding some of the mechanisms that drive severe asthma; there have also been concomitant advances in the recognition of specific molecular phenotypes. This ERS Monograph covers all aspects of severe asthma – epidemiology, diagnosis, mechanisms, treatment and management – but has a particular focus on recent understanding of mechanistic heterogeneity based on an analytic approach using various ‘omics platforms applied to clinically well-defined asthma cohorts. How these advances have led to improved management targets is also emphasised. This book brings together the clinical and scientific expertise of those from around the world who are collaborating to solve the problem of severe asthma.

Download or read book Difficult To Treat Asthma written by Sandhya Khurana and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-29 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a practical, stepwise, evidence-based approach to effective management of patients with difficult to treat asthma. The impact of asthma on morbidity and healthcare utilization increases exponentially with severity. Severe refractory asthma accounts for less than 5% of all asthma. Its prevalence, however, is often overestimated as there are several other confounding factors that make asthma ‘difficult to treat’. Many novel (albeit expensive) therapies are now available and providers caring for patients with severe asthma are charged with selecting the best evidence treatment. This calls for complex and nuanced decision-making. Whether people with asthma gain and maintain control over their condition depends not only on the availability of effective drugs, but also multiple patient and healthcare provider behaviors. Therefore, now more than ever, it has become increasingly important to differentiate “difficult” from “severe refractory” asthma to allow identification of patients most likely to benefit from these therapies. This volume delves into the current understanding of mechanisms and increasingly recognized heterogeneity of this complex disease. It discusses a structured approach to identification and optimization of factors contributing to poor asthma control, including nonadherence, comorbidities and occupational/environmental triggers. The book includes ‘state of the art’ reviews on recent advances in traditional and targeted asthma therapies, as well as a glimpse into what the future may hold. Highlights include a comprehensive guide to management of severe asthma in children and pregnancy, as well as practical considerations to management of asthma based on different clinical phenotypes. Each chapter is authored by leading experts in the field who share their own clinical approach. This is an ideal guide for clinical pulmonologists and allergist/immunologists, as well as primary care providers, physician extenders in specialty practice, physicians in pulmonary/allergy training, and even industry partners.

Download or read book Respiratory Epidemiology written by Isabella Annesi-Maesano and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2014-09-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, the volume of research into the pathophysiology and genetics of pulmonary diseases has increased greatly. This has led to the development of new treatments and therapies for many diseases, including lung cancer, asthma and cystic fibrosis. This issue of the ERS Monograph comprehensively demonstrates the developments in respiratory medicine in recent years. It outlines the importance of epidemiology in respiratory medicine, and will prove a methodological tool that will help disease management. It should also be used as an advocacy tool for the sake of public health.

Download or read book MRI of the Lung written by Hans-Ulrich Kauczor and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-28 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of how to use MRI for the imaging of lung disease. Special emphasis is placed on routine applications and the clinical impact of MRI in each setting. In addition, current technological developments are reviewed and information presented on dedicated applications of MRI in preclinical and translational research, clinical trials, and specialized institutions. During the past two decades, significant advances in the technology have enabled MRI to enter and mature in the clinical arena of chest imaging. Standard protocols are now readily available on MR scanners, and MRI is recommended as the first- or second-line imaging modality for a variety of lung diseases, not limited to cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, and lung cancer. The benefits and added value of MRI originate from its ability to both visualize lung structure and provide information on different aspects of lung function, such as perfusion, respiratory motion, ventilation, and gas exchange. On this basis, novel quantitative surrogates for lung function and therapy control (imaging biomarkers) are generated. The second edition of MRI of the Lung has been fully updated to take account of recent advances. It is written by an internationally balanced team of renowned authors representing all major groups in the field.

Download or read book Imaging of the Airways written by David P. Naidich and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2005 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by recognized authorities on thoracic imaging, this volume is the first to examine all modalities—both noninvasive and invasive—for visualizing the airways. Emphasis is placed on correlating CT images with bronchoscopy, to aid in interpreting CT findings and in performing interventional bronchoscopic procedures. After a review of airway imaging techniques and anatomy, the book presents correlating CT and bronchoscopic images for a wide range of pathologic entities. Detailed chapters examine the trachea and central bronchi, the diagnosis of bronchiectasis, and the use of CT in diagnosing small airway disease. A chapter on functional imaging of the airways is also included.

Download or read book Asthma Pathophysiology Herbal and Modern Therapeutic Interventions written by Sheikh Rayees and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asthma is a chronic airway disease affecting over 300 million people worldwide with an expected increase of an additional 100 million by 2025. Past decade has observed a notable increase in asthma prevalence on both national and global levels with highest rates observed in western countries (about 30%). Over the past 40 years, a drastic increase in global prevalence, morbidity, mortality, and economic burden have been observed due to asthma especially in children. The rising numbers of hospital admissions for asthma, especially young children, reflect an increase in severe asthma, poverty and lack of proper disease management. Worldwide, approximately 180,000 deaths annually are caused due to this condition. The financial burden on a single asthma patient per year in different western countries ranges from US$300–1,300. Asthma is an intricate respiratory disorder with differences in its severity, natural history and hence treatment response. These differences in intensities of various presentations such as bronchial hyper-responsiveness, airway inflammation, mucus production, airflow obstruction make asthma a heterogeneous disease. The mainstay of current therapies for asthma includes inhaled corticosteroids, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, leukotriene modifiers and β2-adrenoceptor agonists. Some of the currently available drugs are efficient in one or more aspects. However the associated side effects or heterogeneity of the disease limit their usefulness and efficacy, thereby putting a demand on development of new drugs and therapies. On the other hand, asthma has also been treated/managed via herbal medications. These approaches have been described in Unani, Ayurvedic or Chinese system of medicine since antiquity. In fact, several anti-asthmatic drugs were developed from herbs commonly utilized in the non-Western system of medicine. This book focuses on the pathophysiology of asthma, its medication (both herbal and modern), limitations and their future prospects.

Download or read book Middleton s Allergy Essentials E Book written by Robyn E. O'Hehir and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-12-09 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, health care practitioners have relied on Middleton’s Allergy as their go-to reference for comprehensive information on allergic disorders. Now Middleton’s Allergy Essentials, by Drs. Robyn E. O'Hehir, Stephen T. Holgate, and Aziz Sheikh, offers a concise resource that’s both easily accessible and highly authoritative. Perfect for clinicians in primary and secondary care settings, this practical volume covers what is most useful in your daily practice, with a strong emphasis on disease diagnosis and management. A practical approach to evaluation, differential diagnosis, and treatment of allergic disorders, focused specifically on what the non-specialist needs to know for everyday practice. Each chapter begins with a handy summary of key concepts to help you quickly identify important information. Coverage of today’s hot topics includes asthma, drug allergies, food allergies and gastrointestinal disorders, anaphylaxis, atopic dermatitis, and allergic contact dermatitis. Concise sections on mechanisms are included where relevant, keeping you up to date with this rapidly evolving field. Authored by the same internationally recognized experts that produce Middleton’s Allergy, the definitive text in the field. Ideal for physicians, residents, general and family practitioners, nurse practitioners, primary care doctors, hospitalists, general internists – anyone who is called upon to make effective diagnostic and treatment decisions regarding allergic disorders.

Download or read book COPD written by Sang-Do Lee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how analysis of the heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) enhances understanding of the condition and leads to improved, personalized treatment. State of the art knowledge is presented on a range of issues related to the heterogeneity of COPD, such as phenotypes (clinical, physiologic, radiologic, etc.), genotypes, and the tools to be used for dissecting heterogeneity (CT, MRI, biomarkers, etc.). Especially modern radiologic imaging holds promise in this context, and its role is described in detail with the aid of numerous illustrations. The implications of the heterogeneity for personalized treatment are clearly identified, with description of an appropriate tailored treatment strategy for each subgroup of patients. Information is provided on both current and emerging strategies, including bronchoscopic lung volume reduction and approaches to the management of pulmonary hypertension and comorbidities. This book will be a great asset in clinical practice and research for all who have an interest in COPD, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.

Download or read book Paediatric Asthma written by Kai-Håkon Carlsen and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2012-06-01 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asthma is a disease of many faces and is frequently seen in children. This Monograph covers all aspects of paediatric asthma, across all ages, from birth through to the start of adulthood. It considers diagnostic problems in relation to the many phenotypes of asthma, covers the treatment of both mild-to-moderate and severe asthma, and discusses asthma exacerbations as well as exercise-induced asthma. The issue also provides an update on the pathophysiology of asthma, the role of bacterial and viral infections, and the impact of environmental factors, allergy, genetics and epigenetics. Finally,

Download or read book Overcoming Heterogeneity in Pediatric Asthma written by Angela S. Benton and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Asthma written by Celso Pereira and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-10-02 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asthma is a prevalent disease in all age groups that results from different pathogenic mechanisms, cells, and mediators engaged in innumerous clinical phenotypes and endotypes. This book exhaustively and didactically explores the biological expression of numerous cells and mediators involved in bronchial inflammation. The information provided aims at identifying the diversity and complexity of the interrelationships between the different players, drawing attention to critical mechanisms in asthma. It also highlights the requirement of new tools to identify strong biomarkers absolutely critical for managing asthma.

Download or read book Personalizing Asthma Management for the Clinician written by Stanley J. Szefler and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2017-09-22 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Personalized medicine is a rapidly emerging area in health care, and asthma management lends itself particularly well to this new development. This practical resource by Dr. Stanley J. Szefler helps you navigate the many asthma medication options available to your patients, as well as providing insights into those which may be introduced within the next several years. Features a wealth of information on available asthma medications, including new immunomodulators, new responses to treatment, and new treatment strategies at all levels of asthma care. Prepares you to meet your patients’ needs regarding asthma exacerbation prevention and asthma prevention. Consolidates today’s available information and guidance in this timely area into one convenient resource.

Download or read book Exercise and Sports Pulmonology written by Annalisa Cogo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an innovative and comprehensive overview of the relationship between lung and exercise, both in healthy, active subjects and in subjects with chronic respiratory diseases. It investigates in detail the central role of the lungs during exercise and illustrates the impact of respiratory impairment due to both acute and chronic lung diseases on performance. Further, the book presents the latest evidence-based findings, which confirm that exercise is an effective and safe form of prevention and rehabilitation in respiratory diseases. The first section describes the changes in the respiratory system during exercise and the contribution of respiration to exercise, while readers will learn how to perform a respiratory assessment in the second section. The third section addresses a broad range of chronic respiratory diseases and the (in)ability of those affected to play sports and perform exercise, thus providing a basis for individual assessments. The last two sections focus on respiratory training, rehabilitation and the relationship between respiration and the environment, e.g. in high-altitude and underwater sports. The book will appeal to a wide readership, including pulmonologists, sport medicine physicians, physiotherapists and trainers, as well as instructors and students in exercise science.

Download or read book Clinical Focus Series Difficult Asthma written by Liam Heaney and published by JP Medical Ltd. This book was released on 2013-03-30 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most patients with asthma are easily diagnosed and treated with the use of an inhaler or medication. Approximately five per cent of people that suffer from asthma have ‘difficult’ or ‘refractory’ asthma, whereby they experience persistent problems that are not controlled by standard treatment methods. Part of the Clinical Focus Series, this book provides a complete overview of difficult asthma, discussing the clinical assessment and management of this complex condition. Beginning with the epidemiology and characteristics of severe asthma, the book defines current understanding of the immunological mechanisms and disease heterogeneity. It also offers insight into how the condition can affect the physical and psychological aspects of a person’s life. Separate chapters examine novel therapeutic strategies and the economic burden of refractory asthma. Key points Discusses clinical assessment and management of difficult asthma Includes epidemiology, immunology, physical and psychological effects, economic burden and novel therapeutics Internationally renowned author and editor team