Download or read book Molecular Beam Epitaxy written by John Wilfred Orton and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a history of Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) as applied to the growth of semiconductor thin films (note that it does not cover the subject of metal thin films). It begins by examining the origins of MBE, first of all looking at the nature of molecular beams and considering their application to fundamental physics, to the development of nuclear magnetic resonance and to the invention of the microwave MASER. It shows how molecular beams of silane (SiH4) were used to study the nucleation of silicon films on a silicon substrate and how such studies were extended to compound semiconductors such as GaAs. From such surface studies in ultra-high vacuum the technique developed into a method of growing high quality single crystal films of a wide range of semiconductors. Comparing this with earlier evaporation methods of deposition and with other epitaxial deposition methods such as liquid phase and vapour phase epitaxy (LPE and VPE). The text describes the development of MBE machines from the early 'home-made' variety to that of commercial equipment and show how MBE was gradually refined to produce high quality films with atomic dimensions. This was much aided by the use of various in-situ surface analysis techniques, such as reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and mass spectrometry, a feature unique to MBE. It looks at various modified versions of the basic MBE process, then proceed to describe their application to the growth of so-called 'low-dimensional structures' (LDS) based on ultra-thin heterostructure films with thickness of order a few molecular monolayers. Further chapters cover the growth of a wide range of different compounds and describe their application to fundamental physics and to the fabrication of electronic and opto-electronic devices. The authors study the historical development of all these aspects and emphasise both the (often unexpected) manner of their discovery and development and the unique features which MBE brings to the growth of extremely complex structures with monolayer accuracy.

Download or read book Comptes rendus de l Acad mie des sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book INIS Atomindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantum Photonics Pioneering Advances and Emerging Applications written by Robert W. Boyd and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-27 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together reviews by internationally renowed experts on quantum optics and photonics. It describes novel experiments at the limit of single photons, and presents advances in this emerging research area. It also includes reprints and historical descriptions of some of the first pioneering experiments at a single-photon level and nonlinear optics, performed before the inception of lasers and modern light detectors, often with the human eye serving as a single-photon detector. The book comprises 19 chapters, 10 of which describe modern quantum photonics results, including single-photon sources, direct measurement of the photon's spatial wave function, nonlinear interactions and non-classical light, nanophotonics for room-temperature single-photon sources, time-multiplexed methods for optical quantum information processing, the role of photon statistics in visual perception, light-by-light coherent control using metamaterials, nonlinear nanoplasmonics, nonlinear polarization optics, and ultrafast nonlinear optics in the mid-infrared.

Download or read book Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications written by J. Ping Liu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications covers exciting new developments in the field of advanced magnetic materials. Readers will find valuable reviews of the current experimental and theoretical work on novel magnetic structures, nanocomposite magnets, spintronic materials, domain structure and domain-wall motion, in addition to nanoparticles and patterned magnetic recording media. Cutting-edge applications in the field are described by leading experts from academic and industrial communities. These include new devices based on domain wall motion, magnetic sensors derived from both giant and tunneling magnetoresistance, thin film devices in micro-electromechanical systems, and nanoparticle applications in biomedicine. In addition to providing an introduction to the advances in magnetic materials and applications at the nanoscale, this volume also presents emerging materials and phenomena, such as magnetocaloric and ferromagnetic shape memory materials, which motivate future development in this exciting field. Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Applications also features a foreword written by Peter Grünberg, recipient of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Download or read book Electronic Properties of Fullerenes written by Hans Kuzmany and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electronic Properties of Fullerenes and other Novel Materials gives an overview of the state-of-the-art research. It presents most recent results on preparation, experimental analysis by electron spectroscopy, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, luminescence, and nonlinear optical, as well as possible technological applications. Emphasis is also placed on the superconducting properties of Fullerenes. The introductory and advanced contributions provide a good survey of the current status of this rapidly developing field.

Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Acta electronica written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ellipsometry at the Nanoscale written by Maria Losurdo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-12 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents and introduces ellipsometry in nanoscience and nanotechnology making a bridge between the classical and nanoscale optical behaviour of materials. It delineates the role of the non-destructive and non-invasive optical diagnostics of ellipsometry in improving science and technology of nanomaterials and related processes by illustrating its exploitation, ranging from fundamental studies of the physics and chemistry of nanostructures to the ultimate goal of turnkey manufacturing control. This book is written for a broad readership: materials scientists, researchers, engineers, as well as students and nanotechnology operators who want to deepen their knowledge about both basics and applications of ellipsometry to nanoscale phenomena. It starts as a general introduction for people curious to enter the fields of ellipsometry and polarimetry applied to nanomaterials and progresses to articles by experts on specific fields that span from plasmonics, optics, to semiconductors and flexible electronics. The core belief reflected in this book is that ellipsometry applied at the nanoscale offers new ways of addressing many current needs. The book also explores forward-looking potential applications.

Download or read book Thermodynamics Diffusion and the Kirkendall Effect in Solids written by Aloke Paul and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-16 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book basic and some more advanced thermodynamics and phase as well as stability diagrams relevant for diffusion studies are introduced. Following, Fick’s laws of diffusion, atomic mechanisms, interdiffusion, intrinsic diffusion, tracer diffusion and the Kirkendall effect are discussed. Short circuit diffusion is explained in detail with an emphasis on grain boundary diffusion. Recent advances in the area of interdiffusion will be introduced. Interdiffusion in multi-component systems is also explained. Many practical examples will be given, such that researches working in this area can learn the practical evaluation of various diffusion parameters from experimental results. Large number of illustrations and experimental results are used to explain the subject. This book will be appealing for students, academicians, engineers and researchers in academic institutions, industry research and development laboratories.

Download or read book The Nature of Diamonds written by George E. Harlow and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paragon of physical perfection and a sparkling example of Earth's forces at work, the diamond has fascinated all realms of society, from Russian tsars and Hollywood stars to scientists and brides-to-be. The Nature of Diamonds is an authoritative and richly illustrated look at nature's most coveted gem. Leading geologists, gemologists, physicists, and cultural observers cover every facet of the stone, from its formation in the depths of the Earth and its explosive ascent to the surface, to its economic, regal, social, and technological roles. The book takes the reader to cutting-edge research on the frontiers of diamond exploration and exploitation, from Arctic wastes to laboratories that create industrial diamonds for cutting tools that slice through rock. Charting the history of mining from its origins in India and Brazil, the book follows the diamond rush in South Africa to today's high-tech enterprises. It provides a glimpse into the economics of the diamond trade, and an overview of diamond cutting, from the rough uncut stones in early Indian and Roman jewelry to the multifaceted stones we see today. The cultural history of the diamond as both a revered and a social symbol is explored, from its early history as the exclusive property of royalty to today's brilliant-laden jewelry as an emblem of wealth and status. The engaging text is complemented by more than 200 lavish illustrations which span fine art, earth science, and cultural studies and capture the brilliance and beauty of this extraordinary gem.

Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book III nitride Devices and Nanoengineering written by Zhe Chuan Feng and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Devices, nanoscale science and technologies based on GaN and related materials, have achieved great developments in recent years. New GaN-based devices such as UV detectors, fast p-HEMT and microwave devices are developed far more superior than other semiconductor materials-based devices.Written by renowned experts, the review chapters in this book cover the most important topics and achievements in recent years, discuss progress made by different groups, and suggest future directions. Each chapter also describes the basis of theory and experiment.This book is an invaluable resource for device design and processing engineers, material growers and evaluators, postgraduates and scientists as well as newcomers in the GaN field.

Download or read book Power Electronics Device Applications of Diamond Semiconductors written by Satoshi Koizumi and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Power Electronics Device Applications of Diamond Semiconductors presents state-of-the-art research on diamond growth, doping, device processing, theoretical modeling and device performance. The book begins with a comprehensive and close examination of diamond crystal growth from the vapor phase for epitaxial diamond and wafer preparation. It looks at single crystal vapor deposition (CVD) growth sectors and defect control, ultra high purity SC-CVD, SC diamond wafer CVD, heteroepitaxy on Ir/MqO and needle-induced large area growth, also discussing the latest doping and semiconductor characterization methods, fundamental material properties and device physics. The book concludes with a discussion of circuits and applications, featuring the switching behavior of diamond devices and applications, high frequency and high temperature operation, and potential applications of diamond semiconductors for high voltage devices. - Includes contributions from today's most respected researchers who present the latest results for diamond growth, doping, device fabrication, theoretical modeling and device performance - Examines why diamond semiconductors could lead to superior power electronics - Discusses the main challenges to device realization and the best opportunities for the next generation of power electronics

Download or read book III Nitride Semiconductors written by M.O. Manasreh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-12-06 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research advances in III-nitride semiconductor materials and device have led to an exponential increase in activity directed towards electronic and optoelectronic applications. There is also great scientific interest in this class of materials because they appear to form the first semiconductor system in which extended defects do not severely affect the optical properties of devices. The volume consists of chapters written by a number of leading researchers in nitride materials and device technology with the emphasis on the dopants incorporations, impurities identifications, defects engineering, defects characterization, ion implantation, irradiation-induced defects, residual stress, structural defects and phonon confinement. This unique volume provides a comprehensive review and introduction of defects and structural properties of GaN and related compounds for newcomers to the field and stimulus to further advances for experienced researchers. Given the current level of interest and research activity directed towards nitride materials and devices, the publication of the volume is particularly timely. Early pioneering work by Pankove and co-workers in the 1970s yielded a metal-insulator-semiconductor GaN light-emitting diode (LED), but the difficulty of producing p-type GaN precluded much further effort. The current level of activity in nitride semiconductors was inspired largely by the results of Akasaki and co-workers and of Nakamura and co-workers in the late 1980s and early 1990s in the development of p-type doping in GaN and the demonstration of nitride-based LEDs at visible wavelengths. These advances were followed by the successful fabrication and commercialization of nitride blue laser diodes by Nakamura et al at Nichia. The chapters contained in this volume constitutes a mere sampling of the broad range of research on nitride semiconductor materials and defect issues currently being pursued in academic, government, and industrial laboratories worldwide.

Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Third Generation Femtosecond Technology written by Hanieh Fattahi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis offers a thorough and informative study of high-power, high-energy optical parametric chirped pulse amplifications systems, the foundation of the next generation of femtosecond laser technology. Starting from the basics of the linear processes involved and the essential design considerations, the author clearly and systematically describes the various prerequisites of the nonlinear optical systems expected to drive attosecond physics in the coming decade. In this context, he gives an overview of methods for generating the broadband and carrier-envelope-phase stable seed pulses necessary for producing controlled electric-field waveforms in the final system; provides a guide to handling the high-power, high-energy pump lasers required to boost the pulse energy to the desired operating range; describes the design of the nonlinear optical system used to perform the amplification, including modes of operation for ultra-broadband infrared-visible pulses or narrowband (yet still ultrafast) pulses tunable over multiple octaves; and finally presents a prospective high-energy field synthesizer based upon these techniques. As such, this work is essential reading for all scientists interested in utilizing the newest generation of ultrafast systems.