Download or read book The Hessians written by Rodney Atwood and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-15 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of the German auxiliaries who fought with the British against the American colonists.
Download or read book Defence of the Hessians written by Joseph George Rosengarten and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hessians written by Brady Crytzer and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three Stories. Two Worlds. One Revolution. Revealing the German Experience in the American Revolution through the Experiences of an Officer, a Baroness, and a Chaplain In 1775 the British Empire was in crisis. While it was buried in debt from years of combat against the French, revolution was stirring in its wealthiest North American colonies. To allow the rebellion to fester would cost the British dearly, but to confront it would press their exhausted armed forces to a breaking point. Faced with a nearly impossible decision, the administrators of the world's largest empire elected to employ the armies of the Holy Roman Empire to suppress the sedition of the American revolutionaries. By 1776 there would be 18,000 German soldiers marching through the wilds of North America, and by war's end there would be over 30,000. To the colonists these forces were "mercenaries," and to the Germans the Americans were "rebels. "While soldiers of fortune fight for mere profit, the soldiers of the Holy Roman Empire went to war in the name of their country, and were paid little for their services, while their respective kings made fortunes off of their blood and sacrifice among the British ranks. Labeled erroneously as "Hessians," the armies of the Holy Roman Empire came from six separate German states, each struggling to retain relevance in a newly enlightened and ever-changing world. In Hessians: Mercenaries, Rebels, and the War for British North America historian Brady J. Crytzer explores the German experience during the American Revolution through the lives of three individuals from vastly different walks of life, all thrust into the maelstrom of North American combat. Here are the stories of a dedicated career soldier, Johann Ewald, captain of a Field-Jäger Corps, who fought from New York to the final battles along the Potomac; Frederika Charlotte Louise von Massow, Baroness von Riedesel, who raced with her young children through the Canadian wilderness to reunite with her long-distant husband; and middle-aged chaplain Philipp Waldeck, who struggled to make sense of it all while accompanying his unit through the exotic yet brutal conditions of the Caribbean and British Florida. Beautifully written, Hessians offers a glimpse into the American Revolution as seen through the eyes of the German armies commanded to destroy it.
Download or read book Hessians written by Friederike Baer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between 1776 and 1783, Britain hired an estimated 30,000 German soldiers to fight in its war against the Americans. Collectively known as Hessians, they actually came from six German territories within the Holy Roman Empire. Over the course of the war, members of the German corps, including women and children, spent extended periods of time in locations as dispersed and varied as Canada in the North to West Florida and Cuba in the South. They shared in every significant British military triumph and defeat. Thousands died of disease, were killed in battle, were captured by the enemy, or deserted. Collectively, they recorded their experiences and observations of the war they fought in, the land they traversed, and the people they encountered in a large body of letters, diaries, and similar private and official records. Friederike Baer presents a study of Britain's war against the American rebels from the perspective of the German soldiers, a people uniquely positioned both in the midst of the war and at its margins. The book offers a ground-breaking reimagining of this watershed event in world history.
Download or read book A Hessian Diary of the American Revolution written by Johann Conrad Döhla and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique diary, written by one of the thirty thousand Hessian troops whose services were sold to George III to suppress the American Revolution, is the most complete and informative primary account of the Revolution from the common soldier's point of view. Johann Conrad Döhla describes not just military activities but also events leading up to the Revolution, American customs, the cities and regions that he visited, and incidents in other parts of the world that affected the war. He also evaluates the important military commanders, giving readers an insight into how the enlisted men felt about their leaders and opponents. Private Döhla crossed the Atlantic Ocean in 1777 as a private in the Ansbach-Bayreuth contingent of Hessian mercenaries. His American sojourn began in June 1777 in New York. Then, after several months on Staten Island and Manhatten, the Ansbach-Bayreuth regiments traveled to the thriving seaport of Newport, Rhode Island, where they spent more than a year before the British forces evacuated the area. The Ansbach-Bayreuth regiments returned briefly to the New York New Jersey area before they were sent to reinforce the English command in Virginia. Eventually Döhla participated in the battle of Yorktown—of which he provides a vivid description—before enduring two years as a prisoner of war after Cornwallis's surrender. Bruce E. Burgoyne has provided an accurate translation, helpful notes for scholars and general readers, and an introduction on the Ansbach-Bayreuth regiments and the history of Johann Conrad Döhla and his diary. This first edition of the diary in English will delight all who are interested in the American Revolution and the thirteen original colonies.
Download or read book New Jersey Hessians written by Peter T. Lubrecht and published by Arcadia Publishing. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the American Revolution, Great Britain hired thirty thousand German troops to fight rebellious colonists. Five thousand of those troops marched across New Jersey from Princeton and Trenton all the way to the northern tip of Sussex County. Though popular legend would cast them as cold and vicious mercenaries, many were prisoners of war with little choice. Stories of their exploits still circulate in New Jersey, from the headless Hessian of the Morristown Swamp to the mysterious Ramapo Mountain people. Join author Pete Lubrecht as he navigates the myth of Hessian troops in New Jersey to separate fiction from fact.
Download or read book The Hessians and the Other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain in the Revolutionary War written by Edward Jackson Lowell and published by New York : Harper & Bros.. This book was released on 1884 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide to Help You Find Your Hessian Soldier of the American Revolution written by Johannes Helmut Merz and published by Hamilton, Ont. : J.H. Merz. This book was released on 2001 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Voyage of the First Hessian Army From Portsmouth to New York 1776 written by Pfister A and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of the Hessian mercenaries who fought on the side of the British in the American Revolution is a little-known chapter in American history. This firsthand account of their voyage across the Atlantic and subsequent battles sheds light on the experiences of these soldiers and the brutality of the conflict they were caught up in. A fascinating read for anyone interested in military history or the American Revolution. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book The Hessian Mercenary State written by Charles W. Ingrao and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-02-13 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In analyzing the origins, course, and effectiveness of domestic policymaking in Hesse-Cassel, Charles Ingrao finds that Frederick was neither as evil as we might think nor as enlightened as we might like to believe.
Download or read book A Generous and Merciful Enemy written by Daniel Krebs and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some 37,000 soldiers from six German principalities, collectively remembered as Hessians, entered service as British auxiliaries in the American War of Independence. At times, they constituted a third of the British army in North America, and thousands of them were imprisoned by the Americans. Despite the importance of Germans in the British war effort, historians have largely overlooked these men. Drawing on research in German military records and common soldiers’ letters and diaries, Daniel Krebs places the prisoners on center stage in A Generous and Merciful Enemy, portraying them as individuals rather than simply as numbers in casualty lists. Setting his account in the context of British and European politics and warfare, Krebs explains the motivations of the German states that provided contract soldiers for the British army. We think of the Hessians as mercenaries, but, as he shows, many were conscripts. Some were new recruits; others, veterans. Some wanted to stay in the New World after the war. Krebs further describes how the Germans were made prisoners, either through capture or surrender, and brings to life their experiences in captivity from New England to Havana, Cuba. Krebs discusses prison conditions in detail, addressing both the American approach to war prisoners and the prisoners’ responses to their experience. He assesses American efforts as a “generous and merciful enemy” to use the prisoners as economic, military, and propagandistic assets. In the process, he never loses sight of the impact of imprisonment on the POWs themselves. Adding new dimensions to an important but often neglected topic in military history, Krebs probes the origins of the modern treatment of POWs. An epilogue describes an almost-forgotten 1785 treaty between the United States and Prussia, the first in western legal history to regulate the treatment of prisoners of war.
Download or read book A Hessian Soldier in the American Revolution written by Stephan Popp and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2018-12-05 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: German corporal Stephan Popp kept a diary during his time in the American Revolution. This present volume is the translation of his diary by Reinhart J. Pope, originally published in 1953. Corporal Popp takes the reader on a gripping journey, beginning with his departure of his Bayreuth regiment from its home encampment, the voyage to America, and the arrival in New York. Popp then relates events of the war from the vantage point of the Bayreuth regiment, with inclusion also of the activities of an associated regiment sent from the neighboring principality of Ansbach, which was at that time under the same ruler. Popp’s account includes a description of the siege of Yorktown, Virginia, where the Ansbach-Bayreuth troops were taken prisoner by the Americans in October 1781 until their release in May 1783. Popp also describes the journey home, ending with his arrival in Bayreuth.
Download or read book Thirteen Clocks written by Robert G. Parkinson and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2021-03-25 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his celebrated account of the origins of American unity, John Adams described July 1776 as the moment when thirteen clocks managed to strike at the same time. So how did these American colonies overcome long odds to create a durable union capable of declaring independence from Britain? In this powerful new history of the fifteen tense months that culminated in the Declaration of Independence, Robert G. Parkinson provides a troubling answer: racial fear. Tracing the circulation of information in the colonial news systems that linked patriot leaders and average colonists, Parkinson reveals how the system's participants constructed a compelling drama featuring virtuous men who suddenly found themselves threatened by ruthless Indians and defiant slaves acting on behalf of the king. Parkinson argues that patriot leaders used racial prejudices to persuade Americans to declare independence. Between the Revolutionary War's start at Lexington and the Declaration, they broadcast any news they could find about Native Americans, enslaved Blacks, and Hessian mercenaries working with their British enemies. American independence thus owed less to the love of liberty than to the exploitation of colonial fears about race. Thirteen Clocks offers an accessible history of the Revolution that uncovers the uncomfortable origins of the republic even as it speaks to our own moment.
Download or read book The Common Cause written by Robert G. Parkinson and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2016-05-18 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the Revolutionary War began, the odds of a united, continental effort to resist the British seemed nearly impossible. Few on either side of the Atlantic expected thirteen colonies to stick together in a war against their cultural cousins. In this pathbreaking book, Robert Parkinson argues that to unify the patriot side, political and communications leaders linked British tyranny to colonial prejudices, stereotypes, and fears about insurrectionary slaves and violent Indians. Manipulating newspaper networks, Washington, Jefferson, Adams, Franklin, and their fellow agitators broadcast stories of British agents inciting African Americans and Indians to take up arms against the American rebellion. Using rhetoric like "domestic insurrectionists" and "merciless savages," the founding fathers rallied the people around a common enemy and made racial prejudice a cornerstone of the new Republic. In a fresh reading of the founding moment, Parkinson demonstrates the dual projection of the "common cause." Patriots through both an ideological appeal to popular rights and a wartime movement against a host of British-recruited slaves and Indians forged a racialized, exclusionary model of American citizenship.
Download or read book German Troops in the American Revolution 1 written by Donald M. Londahl-Smidt and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-02-18 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the American Revolution (1775–83), German auxiliary troops provided a vital element of the British war effort. Some 30,000 German troops served in North America, continuing a long-established relationship between Britain and various German principalities. These troops were widely referred to as mercenaries, implying that they sold their services individually, but they were in fact regular troops hired as a body by the British. Initially feared by the American population, the German troops came to be highly respected by their opponents. Their role in the fighting would inform the tactics and methods of a generation of German officers who returned to Europe after the war, many of whom went on to hold senior commands during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars. The largest body of German troops was from Hessen-Cassel. The only German contingent to be employed as a unit under its own general officers, they were clothed and equipped in the style of Frederick the Great's Prussians and were trained in much the same way. Many had seen active service during the Seven Years' War (1756–63) and served under career officers; they were well-disciplined and competent but showed little overt enthusiasm for the British cause. The troops of Hessen-Cassel would participate in every major campaign of the conflict, with the specialized skills of the famous Jäger being particularly in demand. Fully illustrated, this lively study examines the organization, appearance, weapons, and equipment of the Hessen-Cassel troops who fought for King George in the American Revolution.
Download or read book Washington s Crossing written by David Hackett Fischer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-01 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Six months after the Declaration of Independence, the American Revolution was all but lost. A powerful British force had routed the Americans at New York, occupied three colonies, and advanced within sight of Philadelphia. Yet, as David Hackett Fischer recounts in this riveting history, George Washington--and many other Americans--refused to let the Revolution die. On Christmas night, as a howling nor'easter struck the Delaware Valley, he led his men across the river and attacked the exhausted Hessian garrison at Trenton, killing or capturing nearly a thousand men. A second battle of Trenton followed within days. The Americans held off a counterattack by Lord Cornwallis's best troops, then were almost trapped by the British force. Under cover of night, Washington's men stole behind the enemy and struck them again, defeating a brigade at Princeton. The British were badly shaken. In twelve weeks of winter fighting, their army suffered severe damage, their hold on New Jersey was broken, and their strategy was ruined. Fischer's richly textured narrative reveals the crucial role of contingency in these events. We see how the campaign unfolded in a sequence of difficult choices by many actors, from generals to civilians, on both sides. While British and German forces remained rigid and hierarchical, Americans evolved an open and flexible system that was fundamental to their success. The startling success of Washington and his compatriots not only saved the faltering American Revolution, but helped to give it new meaning.
Download or read book These Were the Hessians written by Bruce E. Burgoyne and published by . This book was released on 2012-12-01 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultimate outcome of the American Revolutionary War was foreordained when England turned to the European continent to obtain soldiers. Rulers of six small German states (Hesse-Cassel, Hesse-Hanau, Brunswick, Waldeck, Ansbach-Bayreuth and Anhalt-Zerbst) signed treaties with England whereby troop units were placed in English service. These Hessians represented one-third of all combatants serving the Crown during the American Revolutionary War. They were good soldiers; however, they may have been one of the primary reasons that England lost her American colonies. They came as enemies, but many became compatriots and fellow-fighters for freedom and the independence of the United States. This detailed account of the Hessian's contribution to this nation's growth includes the Waldeck Articles of War, 1775 (both the German and English versions); and examines the role of women with the Hessian units. Seven color plates and a bibliography enhance the text. The author has researched the role of the Hessians in the American Revolutionary War for more than fifty years; published thirty books, primarily based on his translations of Hessian documents; and lectured on Hessians. He is a recipient of the Benjamin Franklin Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Revolution Roundtable of Philadelphia and the Gold Good Citizen Medal from the National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution.
