Download or read book Heavy Flavour Physics a Probe of Nature s Grand Design written by Società italiana di fisica and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lectures collected in this book present a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of heavy-quark physics, from the points of view of both theory and experiment. Heavy Flavour Physics has accomplished enormous progress during the last few years: the last heavy quark has been discovered and the quality of the collected data on the other relatively lighter quarks has dramatically improved. On the theory side, noticeable progress has been reported on new calculations of decay rates based on various techniques, such as QCD sum rules, heavy-quark mass expansion and lattice QCD. The theory of heavy quark production is constantly improving and awaiting new results. Nevertheless there are strong reasons to believe that the Standard Model of High Energy Physics is incomplete. It exhibits very peculiar patterns for which it offers no explanation. The basic constituents of matter are arranged into three seemingly identical generations or families of quarks and leptons, differing merely in their masses. The pattern in the fermion masses, why they are families and why there are three of them is not yet understood. Furthermore it is known that at least within the standard model there is an intimate connection between the replication of families and the gateway of CP violation, in addition, the latter phenomenon is a crucial ingredient in explaining why our universe is made up almost exclusively of matter rather than being more or less matter-antimatter symmetric. How and to what extent can Heavy Flavour Physics impact on these questions? Does it offer novel windows onto New Physics beyond the Standard Model in general and onto new symmetries, such as Supersymmetry in particular? These questions constitute the central theme of this book. The material treated in this publication may serve as reference for the segment of the high-energy community actively engaged in heavy-quark physics.
Download or read book Heavy flavour physics a probe of nature s grand design proceedings of the International School of Physics Enrico Fermi course CXXXVII Varenna on Lake Como Villa Monastero 8 18 July 1997 written by Ikaros I. Bigi and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics with Many Positrons written by Alfredo Dupasquier and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the exception of positron emission tomography (PET), the field of low energy positron science produces relatively few academic articles each year compared to more accessible fields. Though much has been achieved since the publication of two related volumes earlier in this series: Positron Solid State Physics (1981) and Positron Spectroscopy of Solids (1993), only the first steps have been made towards 'physics with many positrons': physical situations where the interactions of positrons with positrons can be observed. This 2009 "Enrico Fermi School" aims to stimulate the field o.
Download or read book Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics written by Società Itaniana Di Fisica and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2012-12-04 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains chapters based on 9 of the lectures delivered at the Enrico Fermi School of Physics "Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics", held from 25 of July to 5 August 2011. The event was organized by the Italian Physical Society (SIF) jointly with the International School of Astro-particle Physics (ISAPP), a network whose aim is to build up an astro-particle community of both astrophysicists and particle physicists. Included are chapters on Neutrino oscillation physics (B. Kayser); Double-beta decay (E. Fiorini); Light neutrinos in cosmology (S. Pastor); Neutrinos and the stars (G.G. Raffelt); High energy neutrinos and cosmic rays (G. Sigl); Methods and problems in low-energy neutrino experiments (G. Ranucci); Methods and problems in neutrino observatories (M. Ribordy); New technologies in neutrino physics (L. Oberauer); and Perspectives of underground physics (A. Bettini). These are a followed by a section on the results presented in the form of posters by the Ph.D. students attending the school. The book will be of interest not only to participants of the school, but also to other Ph.D. students and young physicists.
Download or read book Physics of Complex Colloids written by C. Bechinger and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2013-06-24 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloids are systems comprised of particles of mesoscopic size suspended in a liquid. They have recently been attracting increased attention from scientists and engineers due to the fact that they are nowadays present in many industrial products such as paints, oil additives, electronic ink displays and drugs. Colloids also serve as versatile model systems for phenomena and structures from solid-state physics, surface science and statistical mechanics, and can easily be studied using tabletop experiments to provide insight into processes not readily accessible in atomic systems. This book presents the lectures delivered at the 2012 Enrico Fermi School ‘Physics of Complex Colloids’, held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2012. The school addressed experimental, theoretical and numerical results and methods, and the lectures covered a broad spectrum of topics from the starting point of the synthesis of colloids and their use in commercial products. The lectures review the state-of-the-art of colloidal science in a pedagogical way, discussing both the basics and the latest results, and this book will serve as a reference for both students and experts in this rapidly growing field.
Download or read book Laser Plasma Acceleration written by Società italiana di fisica and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2012-09-18 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Impressive progress has been made in the field of laser-plasma acceleration in the last decade, with outstanding achievements from both experimental and theoretical viewpoints. Closely exploiting the development of ultra-intense, ultrashort pulse lasers, laser-plasma acceleration has developed rapidly, achieving accelerating gradients of the order of tens of GeV/m, and making the prospect of miniature accelerators a more realistic possibility. This book presents the lectures delivered at the Enrico Fermi International School of Physics and summer school: "Laser-Plasma Acceleration" , held in Varenna, Italy, in June 2011. The school provided an opportunity for young scientists to experience the best from the worlds of laser-plasma and accelerator physics, with intensive training and hands-on opportunities related to key aspects of laser-plasma acceleration. Subjects covered include: the secrets of lasers; the power of numerical simulations; beam dynamics; and the elusive world of laboratory plasmas. The objective of the school was to establish a common knowledge base for the future laser-plasma accelerator community. These published proceedings aim to provide a wider community with a reference covering a wide range of topics, knowledge of which will be necessary to future research on laser-plasma acceleration. The book also provides references to selected existing literature for further reading.
Download or read book Three dimensional Partonic Structure of the Nucleon written by Mauro Anselmino and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three-dimensional nucleon structure is central to many theoretical and experimental activities, and research in this field has seen many advances in the last two decades, addressing fundamental questions such as the orbital motion of quarks and gluons inside the nucleons, their spatial distribution, and the correlation between spin and intrinsic motion. A real three-dimensional imaging of the nucleon as a composite object, both in momentum and coordinate space, is slowly emerging.This book presents lectures and seminars from the Enrico Fermi School Three-Dimensional Partonic Structure of the Nucleon, held in Varenna,
Download or read book Magnetic Resonance and Brain Function Approaches from Physics written by Società italiana di fisica and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade, NMR has set the basis for the understanding of the function and disfunction of the human brain. Particularly, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has a leading position among the methodologies used for investigation and diagnostic of the Central Nervous System. In the 1990's the objective of finding new investigating means drove scientists towards different approaches, including: 1) Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) MRI; 2) Double Magnetic Resonance (DMR); 3) Hyperpolarized Gases. These 3 methods are aimed at detecting brain metabolites with increasing sensitivity and resolution. This Enrico Fermi Course is of interest to researchers who work at the development of these interdisciplinary areas, i.e. physicists, chemists, engineers, but also the biomedical aspects of brain function in connection to the NMR potentialities.
Download or read book Radiation and Particle Detectors written by Sergio Bertolucci and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High energy physics (HEP) has a crucial role in the context of fundamental physics. HEP experiments make use of a massive array of sophisticated detectors to analyze the particles produced in high-energy scattering events. This book contains the papers from the workshop 'Radiation and Particle Detectors', organized by the International School of Physics, and held in Varenna in July 2009. Its subject is the use of detectors for research in fundamental physics, astro-particle physics and applied physics. Subjects covered include the measurement of: the position and length of ionization trails, t.
Download or read book New Directions in Quantum Chaos written by Società italiana di fisica and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid progress of the research field of quantum chaos and its applications called for a book that keeps students abreast of the new developments and at the same time provides a solid basis in subjects which form the canon of the field. This book discusses the following topics: Spectral statistics and their semiclassical interpretation in terms of the Gutzwiller trace formula, Quantum chaos and its applications in mesoscopic physics, Spectral statistics and conductance fluctuations and Quantum chaos in systems with many degrees of freedom. The book connects and continues past and present achievements and prepares the ground for a future full of intriguing and important developments.
Download or read book Silicon based Microphotonics from Basics to Applications written by Società italiana di fisica and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evolution of Si-based optoelectronics has been extremely fast in the last few years and it is predicted that this growth will still continue in the near future. The aim of the volume is to present different Si-based luminescing materials as porous silicon, rare-earth doped silicon, Si nanocrystals, silicides, Si-based multilayers and silicon-germanium alloy or superlattice structures. The different devices needed for an all-Si-based optoelectronics are treated, ranging from light sources to waveguides, from amplifiers and modulators to detectors. Both the very basic treatments as well as applications to real prototype devices and integration in an optical integrated circuit are presented. Several issues are highlighted: the problem of electrical transport in low-dimensional Si systems, the possibility of gain in Si-based systems, the low modulation speed of Si-based LEDs. The book gives a fascinating picture of the state-of-the-art in Si microphotonics and a perspective on what one can expect in the near future.
Download or read book Metrology and Physical Constants written by A. Di Giuseppe and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2013-10-21 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reliability and accuracy of systems of measurement continue to advance. We are about to enter a period of the most stable measurement system we can imagine with the anticipated new definitions of the SI units of measurement; a direct link between fundamental physics and metrology which will eliminate the current definition of the kilogram, until now based upon an artifact. This book presents selected papers from Course 185 of the Enrico Fermi International School of Physics, held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2012 and jointly organized with the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The papers delivered at the school covered some of the most advanced topics in the discipline of metrology, including nano-technologies; quantum information and quantum devices; biology and medicine; food; surface quality; ionising radiation for health, environment, art and archaeology; and climate. The continuous and striking advances in basic research concerning atomic frequency standards operating both in the visible range and at microwave levels and the applications to satellite systems are also considered, in the framework of a historical review of the international organization of metrology, as are the problems inherent in uncertainty statements and definitions. This book will be of interest to all those whose work involves scientific measurement at the highest levels of accuracy.
Download or read book Plasmas in the Universe written by Società italiana di fisica and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2000-10-25 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates new developments in the fields of space and solar physics, stellar physics, extragalactic physics and cosmology. It also elaborates upon the progress of laboratory plasma physics. One of the topics discussed is the existence of collective processes, both linear and non-linear, that can explain key elements of accretion physics, magnetic reconnection, the formation of ‘strange’ particle distributions, particle scattering phenomena, etc. Astrophysical plasma are dominated by turbulent or quasi-turbulent processes which interactively associate instabilities, radiation processes and plasma-wave scattering. The resulting scenario, which is outside thermodynamics and conventional statistical physics, is too difficult to describe theoretically, but today there are large-scale experiments and powerful computational tools allowing for the exploration of an almost similarly complex variety of phenomena. Several contributions to this book present indications of the influence of nonlinear phenomena in astrophysical applications. This work marks the fast growth of plasma astrophysics thanks to new observations in the high energy band of the spectrum on the one hand and the possibility of validating and bringing to light relevant new theories by increasingly sophisticated machines on the other.
Download or read book Quantum Phenomena in Mesoscopic Systems written by B. L. Alʹtshuler and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a snapshot of the vision shared by outstanding scientists on the key theoretical and experimental issues in Mesoscopic Physics. Quantum properties of electrons in solid state devices and transport in semiconducting and superconducting low-dimensional systems, are discussed, as well as the basis of quantum computing (entanglement, noise decoherence and read-out). Each chapter collects the material presented at a Varenna School course of last year, by leading experts in the field. The reader gets a flavour of how theorists and experimentalists are paving the way to the physical realization of solid state qubits, the basic units of the new logic and memory elements for quantum processing. He will be surprised in finding that mesoscopic solid state devices, which were invented only yesterday (think of the Single Electron Transistor, or the Cooper Pair Box) are currently used as charge-sensing applications in the equipment of frontier research laboratories. These devices contribute as probing systems to produce evidence on still unsettled questions in topics like the metal-insulator transition in disordered two dimensional systems, quantum Hall conductance in heterostructur"
Download or read book Fundamental Interactions Proceedings Of The Sixteenth Lake Louise Winter Institute written by Alan Astbury and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002-03-25 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lake Louise Winter Institute is held annually to explore recent trends in physics. The proceedings contain pedagogical and review lectures by invited experts and contributed presentations by participants.
Download or read book Fundamental Interactions written by A. Astbury and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2002 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lake Louise Winter Institute is held annually to explore recent trends in physics. The proceedings contain pedagogical and review lectures by invited experts and contributed presentations by participants.
Download or read book CP Violation written by I. I. Bigi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This account presents background information and theoretical tools necessary for understanding CP violation.
