Download or read book Heat Stress and Pig Reproduction written by G. Takken and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transgenerational Effects of in Utero Heat Stress on Reproduction in Pigs written by Cathy J. Bernhard and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seasonal infertility caused by high ambient temperatures and humidity during the summer months can have negative effects on the reproduction of female swine. These conditions may cause heat stress leading to large economic losses for swine producers. The objective of this project was to assess fetal and placental development and the development of gonads in conceptuses whose mother was either subjected to gestational heat stress (GHS; n=16) or gestational thermoneutral (GTN; n=14) conditions during pregnancy or in utero as a developing fetus. Gilts were housed in the Brody Environmental Chambers from weeks 4 to 8 of pregnancy before sacrifice during the 8th week of gestation for the collection of the reproductive tracts and fetal tissues, and a subset of gilts (GHS n=23; GTN n=25) were moved to the University of Missouri Swine Teaching Farm to farrow at approximately day 114 of gestation. No differences were observed between GHS and GTN females at the 8th week of gestation. Similarly, no differences were found between litters born to GHS or GTN females at the University of Missouri Swine Teaching Farm. Female progeny (generation 1; G1) from both GTN and GHS mothers remained on farm and were artificially inseminated at second estrus. During the 8th week of gestation, gilts that came from GTN (GTN-G1; n=55) and GHS (GHSG1; n=50) dams were sacrificed for the collection of the reproductive tracts and fetal tissues. No significant effects of treatment were observed between GHS-G1 and GTN-G1 females, but a sex-specific transgenerational effect on fetal weight was observed. Male fetuses from GHS-G1 females had increased weight, while female fetuses were similar. The conclusion was that heat stress from weeks 4 to 8 of gestation in gilts did not change the growth of the fetus, placenta, ovary or testis at mid-gestation, and in utero heat stress from weeks 4 to 8 of gestation had gender-specific transgenerational (first generation) effects. These results will allow producers to better manage gilts during periods of high ambient temperatures.
Download or read book Climate Change Impact on Livestock Adaptation and Mitigation written by Veerasamy Sejian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses in detail both livestock’s role in climate change and the impacts of climate change on livestock production and reproduction. Apart from these cardinal principles of climate change and livestock production, this volume also examines the various strategies used to mitigate livestock-related GHG emissions, and those which can reduce the impacts of climate change on livestock production and reproduction. Presenting information and case studies collected and analyzed by professionals working in diversified ecological zones, the book explores the influence of climate change on livestock production across the globe. The most significant feature of this book is that it addresses in detail the different adaptation strategies and identifies targets for different stakeholders in connection with climate change and livestock production. Further, it puts forward development plans that will allow the livestock industries to cope with current climate changes and strategies that will mitigate the effects by 2025. Lastly, it provides researchers and policymakers several researchable priorities to help develop economically viable solutions for livestock production with less GHG emissions, promoting a cleaner environment in which human beings and livestock can live in harmony without adverse effects on productivity. Given that livestock production systems are sensitive to climate change and at the same are themselves a contributor to the phenomenon, climate change has the potential to pose an increasingly formidable challenge to the development of the livestock sector. However, there is a dearth of scientific information on adapting livestock production to the changing climate; as such, well-founded reference material on sustaining livestock production systems under the changing climate scenarios in different agro-ecological zones of the world is essential. By methodically and extensively addressing all aspects of climate change and livestock production, this volume offers a valuable tool for understanding the hidden intricacies of climatic stress and its influence on livestock production.
Download or read book Effects of Heat Stress on Reproduction and Productivity of Primiparous Sows and Their Piglets Performance written by Amanda M. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat stress (HS) produces seasonal infertility in sows and decreases reproductive efficiency. Sows were exposed to HS during a production cycle (gestation [gest], lactation [lact], and breeding) to examine productivity. First parity Landrace/Large White F1 sows rotated through chambers in the Brody Environmental Center for 55 d. The ambient temperature sequences included thermoneutral (TN; 18 to 20°C) or HS (24 to 30°C) for each production phase (TN-TN-TN [n=15], TN-HS-TN [n=14], HS-TN-HS [n=14] or HS-HS-HS [n=15] for gest-lact-breeding [20, 24, and 11 d, respectively]). Thermal responses, body weight (BW), backfat (BF), loin eye area (LEA), feed intake (FI), metabolites, energy balance, piglet weights, and reproductive performance were measured. Rectal temperature differed (38.33 and 38.22, 39.47 and 39.22, 38.79 and 38.74°C (SEM [lesser than] 0.05) for HS and TN during gest, lact, and breeding, respectively; P [lesser than] 0.001). During lact TN sows had greater daily FI than HS sows (3.75 vs. 3.12 kg; P [lesser than] 0.001). Total born (11.7 pigs), piglet birth weight (1.46 kg) and total weaned (10.3 pigs) were similar, but weaning weight was greater for TN sows (6.21 vs. 5.76 kg; P [lesser than] 0.053). Weaning to estrus interval (4.70 d), percentage inseminated sows after weaning (85.7%), subsequent farrowing rate (82.6%) and subsequent total born (10.8 pigs per litter) were not different by treatment. In summary, HS decreased FI during lact and was associated with reduced piglet growth. Breeding performance was not compromised by HS. To conclude, HS slowed piglet growth perhaps through its effects on sow milk production without affecting sow breeding performance.
Download or read book Feed efficiency in swine written by John F. Patience and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Feed efficiency in swine' has been prepared as a comprehensive treatise on the current state of our understanding of this topic which is so important to the pork industry. Each chapter is written by international authorities who understand both the science and application of their topic area. The book provides detailed insight into the many factors affecting feed efficiency, ranging from diet processing to herd health, from nutrition to physiology and from day-to-day barn management to the adoption of advanced technologies. The authors explain such practical aspects as the challenge of interpreting feed efficiency information obtained on farm or the role of liquid feeding. The authors also delve into more scientific topics such as amino acid or energy metabolism or animal physiology. This book is written for people who have a technical interest in pork production, including nutritionists, geneticists, farm management specialists, veterinarians, other academics and, of course, pork producers.
Download or read book Environmental Stress and Amelioration in Livestock Production written by Veerasamy Sejian and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-05 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the importance of livestock to the global economy, there is a substantial need for world-class reference material on the sustainable management of livestock in diverse eco-regions. With uncertain climates involving unpredictable extreme events (e.g., heat, drought, infectious disease), environmental stresses are becoming the most crucial factors affecting livestock productivity. By systematically and comprehensively addressing all aspects of environmental stresses and livestock productivity, this volume is a useful tool for understanding the various intricacies of stress physiology. With information and case studies collected and analyzed by professionals working in diversified ecological zones, this book explores the influence of the environment on livestock production across global biomes. The challenges the livestock industry faces in maintaining the delicate balance between animal welfare and production are also highlighted.
Download or read book Physiology and Pathophysiology of Temperature Regulation written by Clark M. Blatteis and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a user-friendly monograph designed for medical students as well as graduate students and postdoctoral trainees in medicine and other health-related sciences who need a comprehensive overview of thermoregulation. It presents the bases of the modern concepts in thermal physiology and pathophysiology, bringing together the disciplines encompassed by this highly integrative field ? physiology, anatomy, biophysics, molecular and cellular biology, pharmacology, neuroscience, pathology, medicine, and others ? into a clear and concise form that can be read comfortably in a relatively short time. This text was conceived by the Commission on Thermal Physiology of the International Union of Physiological Sciences in response to its concern over the inadequate and outdated coverage of this topic in traditional textbooks. The membership of this Commission comprises international experts in each of the subfields of thermal physiology, with extensive research and teaching experience in their respective specialties. They are the authors of the chapters of this indispendable textbook.
Download or read book Effect of Environment on Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-02-01 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heat Stress and Animal Productivity written by Anjali Aggarwal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-30 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Anjali Aggarwal is working as a Senior Scientist at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). She holds a PhD degree in Animal Physiology and is involved in research and teaching at post-graduate level. Her area of research work is stress and environmental physiology. She has more than 50 publications, two technical bulletins, four manuals and many book chapters to her credit. She has successfully guided many post-graduate and PhD students. Her major research accomplishments are on microclimatic modification for alleviation of heat and cold stress, mist and fan cooling systems for cows and buffaloes, and use of wallowing tank in buffaloes. Her work involves the use of technology of supplementing micronutrients during dry period and early lactation to crossbred and indigenous cows for alleviating metabolic and oxidative stress and improved health and productivity. Studies are also done in her lab on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes as a result of exercise or exposure to heat stress. Dr. R.C. Upadhyay is working as Head, Dairy Cattle Physiology Division at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). He graduated in Veterinary Sciences and obtained his PhD degree in Animal Physiology. His area of recent research is climate change, stress, and environmental physiology. His major research accomplishment is on climate change impact assessment of milk production and growth in livestock. His work also involves studying methane conversion and emission factors for Indian livestock and use of IPCC methodology of methane inventory of Indian livestock. Heat shock protein-70 expression studies in cattle and buffaloes are also done in his lab. Draught animal power evaluation, fatigue assessment, work-rest cycle and work limiting factors form the highlights of his work. Studies on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes and electrocardiographic studies in cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat are also undertaken in his lab. He has more than 75 research papers, four books and several book chapters to his credit. Technologies developed and research done by him include methodology of methane measurement: open and closed circuit for cattle and buffaloes; inventory of methane emission from livestock using IPCC methodology; livestock stress index: thermal stress measurement based on physiological functions; and draught power evaluation system and large animal treadmill system. He received training in Radio-nuclides in medicine at Australian School of Nuclear Technology, Lucas heights, NSW, Australia in 1985 and Use of radioisotopes in cardiovascular investigations at CSIRO, Prospect, NSW, Australia, during 1985-86. He has guided several post-graduate and PhD students. He is recipient of Hari Om Ashram Award-1990 (ICAR) for outstanding research in animal sciences.
Download or read book Hyperthermia in Cancer Treatment written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theriogenology written by Rita Payan-Carreira and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-09-06 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theriogenology, the field that studies animal reproductive health and disease, is a challenging field that shows a steady growth. It covers diverse aspects of reproduction in domestic and wild animals, including the assisted reproductive techniques, which have enormously enhanced the ability to rescue endangered species and provide a strong support to the high reproductive efficiency requested by livestock production. Reproductive success, as well as infertility, is the culmination of complex physiological and adaptive processes that guarantee, at the end, a species' ability to reproduce and its survival in a challenging and ever-changing environment. In this book, we present to you a collection of manuscripts exploring various aspects of the reproductive function of mammal and marine species. I hope you find this a useful book in your collection.
Download or read book Adaptation of Domestic Animals written by Elsayed Saad Eldin Hafez and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecological and bioclimatological aspects. Basic physiological mechanisms. Adaptation to specific environments. Species-specific adaptations. Techniques of investigations.
Download or read book Effects of Heat Stress on Thermoregulation Reproduction and Performance of Different Parity Sows written by Whitney Martin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat stress caused by high ambient temperatures causes seasonal infertility in sows, leading to decreased production and a loss in reproductive efficiency. The objective of these studies was to specifically determine the effect of heat stress on the thermoregulatory behavior, growth and production characteristics as well as endocrine responses of sows during lactation. Factors such as parity, energy balance and farrowing facility design were closely examined to determine their role in controlling body temperature and respiration rate of sows during heat stress and lactation. Primiparous and multiparous Landrace or Landrace x Large White sows of different parities were studied from late gestation through weaning. The study was performed at the University of Missouri Swine Research Complex (Columbia, MO) in order to provide similar results as would be found in a real-world commercial swine farm setting. Rectal temperature (RT), respiration rate (RR), shoulder skin temperature, ear skin temperature, metabolite concentrations, energy balance (EB), sow body weights and piglet body weights were measured throughout the studies.
Download or read book Environmental Physiology of Livestock written by R. J. Collier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-02-07 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental stress is one of the most significant factors affecting livestock performance and health, and it is only expected to increase with effects of global warming. Environmental Physiology of Livestock brings together the latest research on environmental physiology, summarizing progress in the field and providing directions for future research. Recent developments in estimating heat stress loads are discussed, as well as key studies in metabolism, reproduction, and genetic expressions. Environmental Physiology of Livestock begins with a survey of current heat indexing tools, highlighting recent discoveries in animal physiology, changes in productivity levels, and new technologies available to better estimate stress response. Using this synopsis as a point of orientation, later chapters hone in on major effects of heat stress, including changing metabolic pathways and nutrient requirements, endocrine regulation of acclimation to environmental stress, and reduced reproductive performance. The text concludes with a thorough discussion of environmental effects on gene expressions, providing important insight for future breeding practices. Environmental Physiology of Livestock is a globally contributed volume and a key resource for animal science researchers, geneticists, and breeders.
Download or read book Snow Shoes and Sandals written by Saskia Bloemhof and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pig Production in Australia written by John A. A. Gardner and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1990 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deaths Attributed to Heat Cold and Other Weather Events in the United States 2006 2010 written by Jeffrey Berko and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
