Download or read book Heat Radiation from Flares written by Selma E. Guigard and published by The Branch. This book was released on 2000 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Physical Processes in Solar Flares written by B.V. Somov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar flares are very complex electromagnetic phenomena of a cataclysmic nature. Particles are accelerated to very high velocities and a variety of physical processes happen inside and outside flares. These processes can be studied by a large number of techniques from Earth and from space. The aim is to discover the physics behind solar flares. This goal is complicated because information about the flare mechanism can be obtained only in an indirect way by studying the secondary effects. This book provides three stages in the solution of the solar flare problem. Chapter one describes the connection between observational data and theoretical concepts, where it is stressed that next to investigating flares, the related non-stationary large-scale phenomena must be studied as well. The second chapter deals with secondary physical processes, in particular the study of high-temperature plasma dynamics during impulsive heating. The last chapter presents a model built on the knowledge of the two previous chapters and it constructs a theory of non-neutral turbulent current sheets. The author believes that this model will help to solve the problem of solar flares. For solar physicists, plasma physicists, high-energy particle physicists.

Download or read book Combustion and Incineration Processes written by Walter R. Niessen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-02-28 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering each aspect of an incineration facility, from contaminant receipt and storage to stack discharge and dispersion, this reference explores the operation and evaluation of incineration systems for hazardous and non-hazardous gaseous, liquid, sludge, and solid wastes. Highlighting breakthroughs in air pollution control, the book discusses adva

Download or read book The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook Second Edition written by Charles E. Baukal, Jr. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-13 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the length of time it has been around, its importance, and vast amounts of research, combustion is still far from being completely understood. Environmental, cost, and fuel consumption issues add further complexity, particularly in the process and power generation industries. Dedicated to advancing the art and science of industrial combustion, The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook, Second Edition: Volume One – Fundamentals gives you a strong understanding of the basic concepts and theory. Under the leadership of Charles E. Baukal, Jr., top combustion engineers and technologists from John Zink Hamworthy Combustion examine the interdisciplinary fundamentals—including chemistry, fluid flow, and heat transfer—as they apply to industrial combustion. What’s New in This Edition Expanded to three volumes, with Volume One focusing on fundamentals Extensive updates and revisions throughout Updated information on HPI/CPI industries, including alternative fuels, advanced refining techniques, emissions standards, and new technologies Expanded coverage of the physical and chemical principles of combustion New practices in coal combustion, such as gasification The latest developments in cold-flow modeling, CFD-based modeling, and mathematical modeling Greater coverage of pollution emissions and NOx reduction techniques New material on combustion diagnostics, testing, and training More property data useful for the design and operation of combustion equipment Coverage of technologies such as metallurgy, refractories, blowers, and vapor control equipment Now expanded to three volumes, the second edition of the bestselling The John Zink Combustion Handbook continues to provide the comprehensive coverage, up-to-date information, and visual presentation that made the first edition an industry standard. Featuring color illustrations and photographs throughout, Volume One: Fundamentals helps you broaden your understanding of industrial combustion to better meet the challenges of this field. For the other volumes in the set, see The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook, Second Edition: Three-Volume Set.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design written by John J. McKetta Jr and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-08-20 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Written by engineers for engineers (with over 150 International Editorial Advisory Board members),this highly lauded resource provides up-to-the-minute information on the chemical processes, methods, practices, products, and standards in the chemical, and related, industries. "

Download or read book Solar Flares written by Zdenek Svestka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first part of the originally planned publication by Z. Svestka and L. D. de Feiter 'Solar High Energy Photon and Particle Emission'. The second part, with the original title, was to be published by de Feiter in about one year from now. However, to the deep sorrow of all of us, Dr de Feiter died suddenly and unexpectedly when the present book was in print. Thus, unfortunately, de Feiter's second part may not appear. Due to the fact that the originally planned publication was divided into two parts, the present book is mainly descriptive and concerned with the flare morphology. It was expected that theoretical interpretations would be extensively developed in the second part, prepared by de Feiter. In particular, this refers to the theoretical back grounds of radio emissions, particle acceleration and particle propagation in space. Only in Chapter II, concerning the 'low-temperature' flare, do we go deeper into the theoretical interpretations, anticipating that de Feiter would have been concerned mainly with the 'high-energy' physics. Still, the book includes discussions on all important aspects of flares and thus can present the reader with a complete picture of the complex flare phenomenon. It is clear that many observed data on flares can be interpreted in different ways.

Download or read book Lees Loss Prevention in the Process Industries written by Frank Lees and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-01-25 with total page 3708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last three decades the process industries have grown very rapidly, with corresponding increases in the quantities of hazardous materials in process, storage or transport. Plants have become larger and are often situated in or close to densely populated areas. Increased hazard of loss of life or property is continually highlighted with incidents such as Flixborough, Bhopal, Chernobyl, Three Mile Island, the Phillips 66 incident, and Piper Alpha to name but a few. The field of Loss Prevention is, and continues to, be of supreme importance to countless companies, municipalities and governments around the world, because of the trend for processing plants to become larger and often be situated in or close to densely populated areas, thus increasing the hazard of loss of life or property. This book is a detailed guidebook to defending against these, and many other, hazards. It could without exaggeration be referred to as the "bible" for the process industries. This is THE standard reference work for chemical and process engineering safety professionals. For years, it has been the most complete collection of information on the theory, practice, design elements, equipment, regulations and laws covering the field of process safety. An entire library of alternative books (and cross-referencing systems) would be needed to replace or improve upon it, but everything of importance to safety professionals, engineers and managers can be found in this all-encompassing reference instead. Frank Lees' world renowned work has been fully revised and expanded by a team of leading chemical and process engineers working under the guidance of one of the world’s chief experts in this field. Sam Mannan is professor of chemical engineering at Texas A&M University, and heads the Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center at Texas A&M. He received his MS and Ph.D. in chemical engineering from the University of Oklahoma, and joined the chemical engineering department at Texas A&M University as a professor in 1997. He has over 20 years of experience as an engineer, working both in industry and academia. New detail is added to chapters on fire safety, engineering, explosion hazards, analysis and suppression, and new appendices feature more recent disasters. The many thousands of references have been updated along with standards and codes of practice issued by authorities in the US, UK/Europe and internationally. In addition to all this, more regulatory relevance and case studies have been included in this edition. Written in a clear and concise style, Loss Prevention in the Process Industries covers traditional areas of personal safety as well as the more technological aspects and thus provides balanced and in-depth coverage of the whole field of safety and loss prevention. * A must-have standard reference for chemical and process engineering safety professionals * The most complete collection of information on the theory, practice, design elements, equipment and laws that pertain to process safety * Only single work to provide everything; principles, practice, codes, standards, data and references needed by those practicing in the field

Download or read book Energy Law and the Sustainable Development Goals written by Eduardo G Pereira and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-05-07 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The UN Sustainable Development Goals are an ambitious agenda for environmental sustainability, economic development, and social transformation. The SDGs include targets for governments, in partnership with private industry and communities, to improve access to affordable and reliable energy, reduce inequality, protect natural resources, and invest in transparent legal institutions and resilient infrastructure. Although transitioning energy systems towards a low-carbon future is a core aspect of the SDGs, the International Energy Agency anticipates that oil and gas will remain a significant component of the global energy mix for some time. Host Government Instruments are tools which governments use to grant oil and gas companies permission to develop state-owned resources. In addition to bringing substantial resources into governments, these HGIs often also include environmental commitments as well as commitments to local hiring, stakeholder engagement, and investment in economic development programmes. The different structures of HGIs and their precise terms and conditions are crucial determinants of the sustainability of oil and gas operations conducted thereunder. This book addresses how governments can use HGIs to advance the SDGs. Part I introduces the SDGs and the legal institutions and governance related to HGIs, including in relation to international energy development, international environmental treaties, the Paris Agreement, and human rights regimes. Part II examines specific provisions within HGIs and regulatory systems which relate to the oil and gas sector and SDGs. It provides case studies to illustrate approaches to HGIs and to identify opportunities for host governments and international oil and gas companies to advance the SDGs. The book concludes with a summary of recommendations regarding how host governments, in partnership with the oil and gas industry, can use HGIs to advance economic development and sustainability goals, and advances potential insights towards development of new and renewable resources.

Download or read book The Slipcover for The John Zink Hamworthy Combustion Handbook written by Charles E. Baukal Jr. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 1184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the length of time it has been around, its importance, and vast amounts of research, combustion is still far from being completely understood. Issues regarding the environment, cost, and fuel consumption add further complexity, particularly in the process and power generation industries. Dedicated to advancing the art and science of industr

Download or read book A Thermal Nonthermal Approach to Solar Flares written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An approach for modeling solar flare high-energy emissions is developed in which both thermal and nonthermal particles coexist and contribute to the radiation. The thermal/nonthermal distribution function is interpreted physically by postulating the existence of DC sheets in the flare region. The currents then provide both primary plasma heating through Joule dissipation, and runaway electron acceleration. The physics of runaway acceleration is discussed. Several methods are presented for obtaining approximations to the thermal/nonthermal distribution function, both within the current sheets and outside of them. Theoretical hard x ray spectra are calculated, allowing for thermal bremsstrahlung from the heated plasma electrons impinging on the chromosphere. A simple model for hard x ray images of two-ribbon flares is presented. Theoretical microwave gyrosynchrotron spectra are calculated and analyzed, uncovering important new effects caused by the interplay of thermal and nonthermal particles. The theoretical spectra are compared with observed high resolution spectra of solar flares, and excellent agreement is found, in both hard x rays and microwaves. The future detailed application of this approach to solar flares is discussed, as are possible refinements to this theory. Benka, Stephen G. Goddard Space Flight Center CURRENT SHEETS; ELECTRON ACCELERATION; NONTHERMAL RADIATION; PLASMA HEATING; SOLAR FLARES; SOLAR RADIATION; SOLAR SPECTRA; SPACE PLASMAS; THERMAL RADIATION; BREMSSTRAHLUNG; CHROMOSPHERE; DISSIPATION; IMPINGEMENT; MICROWAVE SPECTRA; MICROWAVES; PLASMA CURRENTS; X RAY SPECTRA; X RAYS...

Download or read book Handbook of Fire and Explosion Protection Engineering Principles written by Dennis P. Nolan and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2010-12-15 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Fire and Explosion Protection Engineering Principles: for Oil, Gas, Chemical and Related Facilities is a general engineering handbook that provides an overview for understanding problems of fire and explosion at oil, gas, and chemical facilities. This handbook offers information about current safety management practices and technical engineering improvements. It also provides practical knowledge about the effects of hydrocarbon fires and explosions and their prevention, mitigation principals, and methodologies. This handbook offers an overview of oil and gas facilities, and it presents insights into the philosophy of protection principles. Properties of hydrocarbons, as well as the characteristics of its releases, fires and explosions, are also provided in this handbook. The book includes chapters about fire- and explosion-resistant systems, fire- and gas-detection systems, alarm systems, and methods of fire suppression. The handbook ends with a discussion about human factors and ergonomic considerations, including human attitude, field devices, noise control, panic, and security. People involved with fire and explosion prevention, such as engineers and designers, will find this book invaluable. A unique practical guide to preventing fires and explosions at oil and gas facilities, based on the author’s extensive experience in the industry An essential reference tool for engineers, designers and others facing fire protection issues Based on the latest NFPA standards and interpretations

Download or read book Energy information data base written by United States. Dept. of Energy. Technical Information Center and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Process Engineering and Design Using Visual Basic Second Edition written by Arun Datta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Software tools are a great aid to process engineers, but too much dependence on such tools can often lead to inappropriate and suboptimal designs. Reliance on software is also a hindrance without a firm understanding of the principles underlying its operation, since users are still responsible for devising the design. In Process Engineering and Design Using Visual Basic, Arun K. Datta provides a unique and versatile suite of programs along with simultaneous development of the underlying concepts, principles, and mathematics. Each chapter details the theory and techniques that provide the basis for design and engineering software and then showcases the development and utility of programs developed using the material outlined in the chapter. This all-inclusive guide works systematically from basic mathematics to fluid mechanics, separators, overpressure protection, and glycol dehydration, providing basic design guidelines based on international codes. Worked examples demonstrate the utility of each program, while the author also explains problems and limitations associated with the simulations. After reading this book you will be able to immediately put these programs into action and have total confidence in the result, regardless of your level of experience. Companion Visual Basic and Excel files are available for download on under the "Downloads/Updates" tab on this web page.

Download or read book End Times to 2019 written by David Montaigne and published by SCB Distributors. This book was released on 2013-01-09 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does the end of the Mayan Calendar start the countdown to Judgment Day? Biblical and historical researcher David Montaigne concludes that this is the case. He says that the end of the Mayan Long Count is the official start of the Bible’s seven-year tribulation-both were focused on the same astronomical events that occur from 2012 to 2019. The world as we know it will be gone by 2020. Texts from ancient India tell us about great cycles of destruction. The Egyptians told the same basic story with different names. The Maya reveal another version of the story, and were very clear about the timing of events from December 2012 to 2019. Your average American is no expert on these cultures, but most people do have a Bible at home-and the clearest details on what is about to happen can be found in the Bible, if you don't let someone else tell you which parts you should focus on. No, this isn't what you were taught in Sunday school. Religious leaders guide us between the raindrops of curious comments in the Bible. We are discouraged from focusing on the parts they say we weren't meant to understand. But if we stop glossing over these important passages we will understand a flood of details about the End Times. Our “leaders” are not ignorant of these events. The elite already know what is about to happen and they have made preparations most rational people would not believe, because evidence is suppressed to avoid chaos. They want us to remain ignorant, or at least to believe that the details are secrets that cannot be known. But the coming events (and their timing) are not secrets. Years ago, this book's publication would not have been tolerated by those in power. But by now it doesn't matter much-their plans are not going to be interfered with at this point. Your plans, however, can still be formulated, if you make the choice to understand. Topics include: Bible Prophecy; Matthew 24:36- Knowing the hour and the day; The Mayan Calendar and Mythology; Pole Shifts; Galactic Superwaves; Ancient Egypt; Ancient India; World Mythology; The Georgia Guidestones; The real Star of Bethlehem and the exact birthday of Christ; Calculating the Second Coming, and Judgment Day; more.

Download or read book An Investigation of Oil and Gas Well Fires and Flares written by P. Dutta and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A theoretical and experimental study of jet flames with applications to large fires resulting from oil well and gas well accidents is reports. The results have been used in the interpretation of the single point radiation heat flux data collected around well fires in Kuwait. The significant accomplishments during the grant include: development of a technique to find total radiative heat loss from turbulent jet flames based on measurements of heat flux at a single location; design and successful operation of an effervescent atomizer/burner; study of global properties of the high liquid loading jet names have shown that their lengths are affected by two-phase flow effects and that their soot loading and radiant output is lower than equivalent pool flames. The first time opportunity to study high liquid loading jet flames in the laboratory has led to a study with applications in the industrial safety and insurance-cost containment areas. Design of liquid handling and storage systems, areas around storage tanks and pipes, and fire safety and fire fighting procedures and effectiveness will benefit from the laboratory information concerning fire size, shape and radiant output.

Download or read book Fluid Mechanics Heat Transfer and Mass Transfer written by K. S. Raju and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-20 with total page 1422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This broad-based book covers the three major areas of Chemical Engineering. Most of the books in the market involve one of the individual areas, namely, Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer or Mass Transfer, rather than all the three. This book presents this material in a single source. This avoids the user having to refer to a number of books to obtain information. Most published books covering all the three areas in a single source emphasize theory rather than practical issues. This book is written with emphasis on practice with brief theoretical concepts in the form of questions and answers, not adopting stereo-typed question-answer approach practiced in certain books in the market, bridging the two areas of theory and practice with respect to the core areas of chemical engineering. Most parts of the book are easily understandable by those who are not experts in the field. Fluid Mechanics chapters include basics on non-Newtonian systems which, for instance find importance in polymer and food processing, flow through piping, flow measurement, pumps, mixing technology and fluidization and two phase flow. For example it covers types of pumps and valves, membranes and areas of their use, different equipment commonly used in chemical industry and their merits and drawbacks. Heat Transfer chapters cover the basics involved in conduction, convection and radiation, with emphasis on insulation, heat exchangers, evaporators, condensers, reboilers and fired heaters. Design methods, performance, operational issues and maintenance problems are highlighted. Topics such as heat pipes, heat pumps, heat tracing, steam traps, refrigeration, cooling of electronic devices, NOx control find place in the book. Mass transfer chapters cover basics such as diffusion, theories, analogies, mass transfer coefficients and mass transfer with chemical reaction, equipment such as tray and packed columns, column internals including structural packings, design, operational and installation issues, drums and separators are discussed in good detail. Absorption, distillation, extraction and leaching with applications and design methods, including emerging practices involving Divided Wall and Petluk column arrangements, multicomponent separations, supercritical solvent extraction find place in the book.

Download or read book From Landfill Gas to Energy written by Vasudevan Rajaram and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Converting old landfills to energy producing sites, while capturing emitted greenhouse gases, has faced numerous technical, financial and social challenges and developments lately. Also, the re-mining of landfills to recover useful land in dense urban areas and proper landfill closure has been a subject of discussion and investigation. Designed as