Download or read book Heat Pump Controls to Exploit the Energy Flexibility of Building Thermal Loads written by Thibault Péan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-04 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes different control strategies adapted to heat pumps, at the purpose of increasing energy flexibility in buildings. It reports on the development of both simple rule-based controls (RBC) and advanced model predictive controls (MPC). These are tested and compared in both simulation and experimental setups. The book analyzes in detail all the different steps, including the development and tuning of the controllers, their testing in experimental settings and simulation studies. Bridging between advanced control systems theory concepts and practical needs, and discussing the advantages and main challenges of MPC and RBC controllers in terms of efficiency of heat pump operation, electricity prices, emission values, and users’ comfort, this book offers an in-depth evaluation of innovative control strategies applied to energy demand management in buildings.
Download or read book Heat Pump Controls to Exploit the Energy Flexibility of Building Thermal Loads written by Thibault Péan and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes different control strategies adapted to heat pumps, at the purpose of increasing energy flexibility in buildings. It reports on the development of both simple rule-based controls (RBC) and advanced model predictive controls (MPC). These are tested and compared in both simulation and experimental setups. The book analyzes in detail all the different steps, including the development and tuning of the controllers, their testing in experimental settings and simulation studies. Bridging between advanced control systems theory concepts and practical needs, and discussing the advantages and main challenges of MPC and RBC controllers in terms of efficiency of heat pump operation, electricity prices, emission values, and users' comfort, this book offers an in-depth evaluation of innovative control strategies applied to energy demand management in buildings.
Download or read book Demand side Flexibility in Smart Grid written by Roya Ahmadiahangar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-08 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights recent advances in the identification, prediction and exploitation of demand side (DS) flexibility and investigates new methods of predicting DS flexibility at various different power system (PS) levels. Renewable energy sources (RES) are characterized by volatile, partially unpredictable and mostly non-dispatchable generation. The main challenge in terms of integrating RES into power systems is their intermittency, which negatively affects the power balance. Addressing this challenge requires an increase in the available PS flexibility, which in turn requires accurate estimation of the available flexibility on the DS and aggregation solutions at the system level. This book discusses these issues and presents solutions for effectively tackling them.
Download or read book Coordinated Operation and Planning of Modern Heat and Electricity Incorporated Networks written by Mohammadreza Daneshvar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-12-08 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coordinated Operation and Planning of Modern Heat and Electricity Incorporated Networks A practical resource presenting the fundamental technologies and solutions for real-world problems in modern heat and electricity incorporated networks (MHEINs) Coordinated Operation and Planning of Modern Heat and Electricity Incorporated Networks covers the foundations of multi-carrier energy networks (MCENs), highlights potential technologies and multi-energy systems in this area, and discusses requirements for coordinated operation and planning of heat and electricity hybrid networks. The book not only covers the coordinated operation of heat and electricity networks (HENs) but also supports the planning of HENs to provide more clarity regarding HENs’ presence in the future modern MCENs. The first part of Coordinated Operation and Planning of Modern Heat and Electricity Incorporated Networks provides a conceptual introduction with more emphasis on definition, structure, features, and challenges of the one and multidimensional energy networks as well as optimal operation and planning of the MHEINs. The second part of the book covers potential technologies and systems for energy production, communication, transmission and distribution, hybrid energy generation, and more. The third and fourth parts of the book investigate the optimal coordinated operation and planning of the MHEINs. Topics covered in the book also include: Considerations of hybrid energy storage systems, business models, hybrid transitional energy markets, and decision-making plans Requirements for switching from the traditional independent energy networks to modern interdependent energy grids The key role of multi-carrier energy systems in the optimal integration of modern heat and electricity incorporated networks Technical and theoretical analysis of the coordinated operation and planning of the modern heat and electricity incorporated networks, especially in terms of hybrid energy storage systems Coordinated Operation and Planning of Modern Heat and Electricity Incorporated Networks is an invaluable resource and authoritative reference for the researchers and the system engineers focusing on advanced methods for deployment of state of art technologies in the modern structure of the multi-carrier energy networks.
Download or read book Development and Assessment of a Hierarchical Control Strategy for Electric Thermal Systems in Household Energy Supply written by Tanja Manuela Kneiske and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-01-01 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Future energy infrastructure requires efficient and flexible residential energy systems. Model predictive control (MPC) enables optimized behavior by considering energy predictions. This study focuses on minimizing cost and uncertainties using MPC in electric- thermal systems. In addition a hierarchical control approach is proposed and evaluated through simulation in a new software framework called OptFlex and a laboratory experiment. The control system combines electricity and heat components for flexible and efficient energy production and consumption. It enables cost-effective and CO2 minimal utilization and a simple solution of accounting for the differences between forecasted and measured values of the energy components. The MPC is validated in a laboratory test for a PV-CHP system. Results show reliable control with a deviation of approximately 12%. The study also investigates a variable combined control variant to save computation time but incurs higher operating costs. The developed hierarchical control system effectively flexibilities, addresses uncertainties and can be applied to different energy systems including heat pumps.
Download or read book Using a Thermal Energy Storage to Provide Flexibility for Heat Pump Optimization Control with Rapid Control Prototyping and SG Ready Standard written by Thomas Kemmler and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Solar Technologies for Buildings written by Ursula Eicker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-08-14 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete overview of solar technologies relevant to the built environment, including solar thermal energy for heating and cooling, passive solar energy for daylighting and heating supply, and photovoltaics for electricity production Provides practical examples and calculations to enable component and system simulation e.g. Calculation of U-values, I-V curve parameters and radiance distribution modelling Discusses the new trends in thermal energy use, including the architectural integration of collector systems, integrated ventilation photovoltaics facades and solar powered absorption cooling systems Coverage of cutting-edge applications such as active and passive cooling techniques and results from ongoing research projects
Download or read book Architects Data written by Ernst Neufert and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An indispensable tool for the beginning stages of designing and planning a building project This new edition of a classic, bestselling text provides, in one concise volume, the essential information needed to form the framework for the more detailed design and development of any building project. Organized largely by building type, it covers planning criteria and considerations of function and siting—and with over 6200 diagrams, it provides a mass of data on spatial requirements. Most of the featured illustrations are dimensioned and each building type includes plans, sections, site layouts, and design details. The book also includes an extensive bibliography and detailed set of metric/imperial conversion tables. Architects’ Data starts with the basics of designing for a new building project, before moving on to covering everything an architect needs to know. It also looks at the design styles and specifications for creating different types of structures, such as those made for residential, religious, cultural, sports, medical, and other types of occupation. Covers user requirements, planning criteria, basic dimensions, and considerations of function and siting Includes numerous examples and over 6200 illustrations and tables 5th English edition of the classic, international reference for architects Architects’ Data is an excellent resource for architects, building surveyors, space planners, and design and build contractors everywhere.
Download or read book Optimizing the Operation of a Hybrid Ground Source Heat Pump System Under Uncertainty written by Hansani Weeratunge and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid renewable energy systems that combine conventional heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and ground source heat pumps (GSHP) have become an attractive alternative for conventional HVAC systems due to their higher cost and energy efficiency.Furthermore, control strategies that exploit predictive information about weather and building occupants' activity can further reduce the system operating costs. This study proposes a Stochastic Model Predictive Control (SMPC) for hybrid GSHP systems considering the stochastic nature of the building space heating demand. In SMPC, near-optimal control decisions are found for the current and future states of the system through the application of Regression Monte-Carlo techniques. We compare the performance of SMPC to that gained by using setpoint Control (SPC) and Model Predictive Control (MPC) which uses a deterministic forecast. It is found that by taking uncertainty into account via SMPC, the operating cost reduction compared to SPC is approximately equal to half of the cost-optimality gap between SPC and an idealized controller that is represented by MPC with perfect future information. Furthermore, we find that MPC using a forecast based on expected values leads to greater operating costs compared to the simpler SPC strategy when variability and uncertainty are present.
Download or read book Smart Power Distribution Systems written by Qiang Yang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-17 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart Power Distribution Systems: Control, Communication, and Optimization explains how diverse technologies work to build and maintain smart grids around the globe. Yang, Yang and Li present the most recent advances in the control, communication and optimization of smart grids and provide unique insight into power system control, sensing and communication, and optimization technologies. The book covers control challenges for renewable energy and smart grids, communication in smart power systems, and optimization challenges in smart power system operations. Each area discussed focuses on the scientific innovations relating to the approaches, methods and algorithmic solutions presented. Readers will develop sound knowledge and gain insights into the integration of renewable energy generation in smart power distribution systems. Presents the latest technological advances in electric power distribution networks, with a particular focus on methodologies, approaches and algorithms Provides insights into the most recent research and developments from expert contributors from across the world Presents a clear and methodical structure that guides the reader through discussion and analysis, providing unique insights and sound knowledge along the way
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design of Phase Change Thermal Storage Device in a Heat Pump for Building Electric Peak Load Shaving Preprint written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Replacing carbon-intensive fossil fuel heating systems with electric heat pumps powered by renewables is a promising approach to decarbonize the building sector. However, one of the technical barriers of this approach is the large scale of heat demand, which will put excessive stress on the electricity grid. Integrating thermal energy storage (TES) into the heating systems can help alleviate this problem, by shifting thermal load and thus shaving peaks in the building electric load. Therefore, it is critical to understand how to design a thermal storage device in a heat pump for peak load shaving. In this study, we developed a numerical model for a cascaded vapor compression heat pump system integrating a phase change thermal storage device. This novel system can control the net thermal charging and discharging rate of the TES independently from the building's thermal load, which allows for precise control of electric power use. In the current study, we controlled the system to shave building electric peak load during a cold winter morning, and to charge TES during the relatively warm afternoon while still providing space heating. We used the model to evaluate the system performance with and without peak shaving. We also investigated the effect of PCM transition Tt on the peak reduction and electric energy saving potentials. The results show that peak shaving scheme effectively reduces the peak electric power consumption during a predefined discharge time window. When comparing to the no shaving case, for PCM Tt = 10 degrees C, the peak electric load reduction is 23.5%. When comparing to an air-source heat pump with back up electric heater, as Tt increases from 0 to 20 degrees C, the peak reduction increases from 46.1% to 50.9%. Integrating PCM Tt = 10 degrees C with peak shaving leads to the 45.5% of electric energy saving, which is the highest among the three transition temperatures.
Download or read book Geothermal Energy written by Mary H. Dickson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geothermal energy refers to the heat contained within the Earth that generates geological phenomena on a planetary scale. Today, this term is often associated with man's efforts to tap into this vast energy source. Geothermal Energy: utilization and technology is a detailed reference text, describing the various methods and technologies used to exploit the earth's heat. Beginning with an overview of geothermal energy and the state of the art, leading international experts in the field cover the main applications of geothermal energy, including: electricity generation space and district heating space cooling greenhouse heating aquaculture industrial applications The final third of the book focuses upon environmental impact and economic, financial and legal considerations, providing a comprehensive review of these topics. Each chapter is written by a different author, but to a set style, beginning with aims and objectives and ending with references, self-assessment questions and answers. Case studies are included throughout. Whilst written primarily for professionals and students interested in learning more about geothermal energy, the book also offers those new to the field and the general geothermal community an opportunity to understand and review the potential of this exciting alternative energy source. Published with UNESCO
Download or read book Thermal Energy Storage for Solar and Low Energy Buildings written by Jean-Christophe Hadorn and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Energy Storage Technologies for Sustainability written by S. Kalaiselvam and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-07-30 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal Energy Storage Technologies for Sustainability is a broad-based overview describing the state-of-the-art in latent, sensible, and thermo-chemical energy storage systems and their applications across industries. Beginning with a discussion of the efficiency and conservation advantages of balancing energy demand with production, the book goes on to describe current state-of-the art technologies. Not stopping with description, the authors also discuss design, modeling, and simulation of representative systems, and end with several case studies of systems in use. - Describes how thermal energy storage helps bridge the gap between energy demand and supply, particularly for intermittent power sources like solar, wind, and tidal systems - Provides tables, illustrations, and comparative case studies that show applications of TES systems across industries - Includes a chapter on the rapidly developing field of viable nanotechnology-based thermal energy storage systems
Download or read book A Reinforcement Learning Characterization of Thermostatic Control for HVAC Demand Response and Experimentation Framework for Simulated Building Energy Control written by Christopher J. Eubel and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. electrical grid is in a transformation from centralized generation sources and unidirectional flow of power, to distributed networks of utility-scale and on-site renewable generation, energy storage, and flexible demand. As the electrical grid adopts more intermittent renewable energy sources, the challenges to maintaining grid stability and meeting electricity demand will only increase. The variable generation of intermittent sources combined with the existing variations in daily and seasonal electricity demand could create situations where maintaining sufficient capacity and managing distribution is often infeasible. With renewable energy aside, the grid can still struggle to meet and manage peak loads, often resorting to quick-acting, dirty “peaker” plants to compensate for supply. These peak loads are not only a challenge for supply, but also require infrastructure to be sized for such capacity. Demand-side management, or demand response, incorporate the objectives and incentives for consumers to manage their own electricity demand throughout the day so as to reduce peak loads and support grid stability. The incentives for demand response participation are often provide through the dynamic pricing of electricity. By targeting cheaper prices throughout the day, consumers can minimize their energy expense while simultaneously satisfying demand response objectives. However, this coordinated use of electricity requires flexible loads, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems is one such load of particular interest. Thermal inertia of buildings and favorable weather conditions allow for its flexible use, and its energy intensiveness and rising usage around the world make it an important load to consider. Although, coordinating such loads as to maintain comfortable indoor climate and satisfy demand response objectives is not so easily done, and it is a contradictory task. In this thesis we employ a deep reinforcement learning approach to thermostatic control of HVAC to maintain thermal comfort and maximize demand response participation. We utilize EnergyPlus building energy simulation as a testbed for experimentation of reinforcement learning control. However, we see that for a number of reasons this problem and environment is challenging for the reinforcement learning framework. We address and characterize these challenges encountered from experimentation. We also present a reinforcement learning framework that utilizes a native tool of EnergyPlus which allows the implementation of custom control on running simulations. This framework allows reinforcement learning researchers and practitioners to easily interface with any configured EnergyPlus building model for the experimentation of building energy control. This platform, along with the characterization of reinforcement learning in this environment, provide a baseline for accelerating further research in this space of building energy control for dynamically priced demand response participation.
Download or read book Integrated Modelling and Analysis of a Heat Pump BIPV T System with Thermal Storage for Load Shifting written by Rémi Dumoulin and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents an integrated model and methodology to quantify and demonstrate the thermal exibility potential of a residential building featuring an air-based building integrated photovoltaic thermal (BIPV/T) system coupled to an air-source heat pump and a water-based sensible thermal energy storage. A BIPV/T system is used to preheat outdoor air drawn under the PV with a fan, in addition to producing solar electricity. The pre-heated air leaving the BIPV/T cavity in the heating season is sent to the evaporator coil of the air-source heat pump so as to increase its coe cient of performance. The condenser side of the heat pump is connected to a water thermal energy storage from which water is fed to a hydronic air-system used for space heating. An integration with a thermal energy storage as a means of decoupling the loads from the source is proposed with the objective of shifting thermal loads and electrical peak demand so that they are outside the peak demand periods for the grid. A model was developed and a case study of a residential net-zero energy solar building was simulated in TRNSYS. Rule-based control strategies and a deterministic electrical grid state schedule were used to optimize the pro le of the electric demand of the building. The exibility potential of di erent design alternatives and control strategies were quanti ed using load matching grid interaction indicators, energy metrics, and di erent pricing schemes. The gross energy consumption of the building was reduced by more than 40% during peak grid events, the overall coe cient of performance of the air-source heat pump was improved by 22%, and the cost of electricity was decreased by 46% with the implementation of a variable tari price structure and a net-metering agreement.
