Download or read book Health Sector Reform in Brazil 1995 1998 written by José Luiz do Amaral Corrêa de Araújo and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Twenty Years of Health System Reform in Brazil written by Michele Gragnolati and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-06-27 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been more than 20 years since Brazil's 1988 Constitution formally established the Unified Health System (Sistema Unico de Saude, SUS). Building on reforms that started in the 1980s, the SUS represented a significant break with the past, establishing health care as a fundamental right and duty of the state and initiating a process of fundamentally transforming Brazil's health system to achieve this goal. This report aims to answer two main questions. First is have the SUS reforms transformed the health system as envisaged 20 years ago? Second, have the reforms led to improvements with regard to access to services, financial protection, and health outcomes? In addressing these questions, the report revisits ground covered in previous assessments, but also brings to bear additional or more recent data and places Brazil's health system in an international context. The report shows that the health system reforms can be credited with significant achievements. The report points to some promising directions for health system reforms that will allow Brazil to continue building on the achievements made to date. Although it is possible to reach some broad conclusions, there are many gaps and caveats in the story. A secondary aim of the report is to consider how some of these gaps can be filled through improved monitoring of health system performance and future research. The introduction presents a short review of the history of the SUS, describes the core principles that underpinned the reform, and offers a brief description of the evaluation framework used in the report. Chapter two presents findings on the extent to which the SUS reforms have transformed the health system, focusing on delivery, financing, and governance. Chapter three asks whether the reforms have resulted in improved outcomes with regard to access to services, financial protection, quality, health outcomes, and efficiency. The con
Download or read book Health Sector Reform in Brazil written by Garibaldi Dantas Gurgel Junior and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Twenty Years of Health System Reform in Brazil written by Michele Gragnolati and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been over twenty years since the Brazilian Sistema Único de Saúde (Unified Health System or SUS) was formally established by the 1988 Constitution. The impetus for the SUS came in part from rising costs and a crisis in the social security system that preceded the reforms, but also from a broad-based political movement calling for democratization and improved social rights. Building on reforms that started in the 1980s, the SUS was based on three overarching principles: (i) universal access to health services, with health defined as a citizen’s right and an obligation of the state; (ii) equality of access to health care; and (iii) integrality (comprehensiveness) and continuity of care; along with several other guiding ideas, including decentralization, increased participation, and evidence-based prioritization. The SUS reform established health a fundamental right and duty of the state, and started a process of fundamentally transforming Brazil’s health system to achieve this goal. So, what has been achieved since the SUS was established? And what challenges remain in achieving the goals that were established in 1988? These questions are the focus of this report. Specifically, it seeks to assess whether the SUS reforms have managed to transform the health system as envisaged more than 20 years ago, and whether the reforms have led to improved outcomes in terms of access to services, financial protection, and health status. Any effort to assess the performance of a health system runs into a host of challenges concerning the definition of boundaries of the “health system”, the outcomes that the assessment should focus on, data sources and quality, and the role of policies and reforms in understanding how the performance of the health system has changed over time. Building on an extensive literature on health system assessment, this report is based on a simple framework that specifies a set of health system “building blocks”, which affect a number of intermediate outcomes such as access, quality and efficiency, which, in turn, contribute to final outcomes, including health status, financial protection, and satisfaction. Based on this framework, the report starts by looking at how key building blocks of Brazil’s health system have changed over time and then moves on to review performance in terms of intermediate and final outcomes.
Download or read book Explaining Institutional Change written by James Mahoney and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this book contribute to emerging debates in political science and sociology on institutional change, providing a theoretical framework and empirical applications.
Download or read book EBOOK Decentralization in Health Care Strategies and Outcomes written by Richard Saltman and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2006-12-16 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ·What are the characteristics that define a Social Health Insurance system? ·How is success measured in SHI systems? ·How are SHI systems developing in response to external pressures? Using the seven Social Health Insurance countries in western Europe - Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Switzerland - as well as Israel, this important book reviews core structural and organizational dimensions, as well as recent reforms and innovations. Covering a wide range of policy issues, the book: ·Explores the pressures these health systems confront to be more efficient, more effective, and more responsive ·Reviews their success in addressing these pressures ·Examines the implications of change on the structure of SHI’s as they are currently defined ·Draws out policy lessons about past experience and likely future developments in SHI systems in a manner useful to policymakers in Europe and elsewhere Social Health Insurance Systems in Western Europe will be of interest to students of health policy and management as well as health managers and policy-makers. Contributors: Helmut Brand, Jan Bultman, Reinhard Busse, Laurent Chambaud, David Chinitz, Diana M.J. Delnoij, André P. den Exter, Aad A. de Roo, Anna Dixon, Isabelle Durand-Zaleski, Hans F.W. Dubois, Josep Figueras, Bernhard Gibis, Stefan Greß, Bernhard J. Güntert, Jean Hermesse, Maria M. Hofmarcher, Martin McKee, Pedro W. Koch-Wulkan, Claude Le Pen, Kieke G.H. Okma, Martin Pfaff, Richard B. Saltman, Wendy G.M. van der Kraan, Jürgen Wasem, Manfred Wildner, Matthias Wismar.
Download or read book Decentralization In Health Care Strategies And Outcomes written by Saltman, Richard and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2006-12-01 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the capacity and impact of decentralization within European health care systems, this book examines both the theoretical underpinnings as well as practical experience with decentralization.
Download or read book Indigenism written by Alcida Rita Ramos and published by Univ of Wisconsin Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indigenous people comprise only 0.2% of Brazil's population, yet occupy a prominent role in the nation's consciousness. In her important and passionate new book, anthropologist Alcida Ramos explains this irony, exploring Indian and non-Indian attitudes about interethnic relations. Ramos contends that imagery about indigenous people reflects an ambivalence Brazil has about itself as a nation, for Indians reveal Brazilians' contradiction between their pride in ethnic pluralism and desire for national homogeneity. Based on her more than thirty years of fieldwork and activism on behalf of the Yanomami Indians, Ramos explains the complex ideology called indigenism. She evaluates its meaning through the relations of Brazilian Indians with religious and lay institutions, non-governmental organizations, official agencies such as the National Indian Foundation as well as the very discipline of anthropology. Ramos not only examines the imagery created by Brazilians of European descent--members of the Catholic church, government officials, the army and the state agency for Indian affairs--she also scrutinizes Indians' own self portrayals used in defending their ethnic rights against the Brazilian state. Ramos' thoughtful and complete analysis of the relation between indigenous people of Brazil and the state will be of great interest to lawmakers and political theorists, environmental and civil rights activists, developmental specialists and policymakers, and those concerned with human rights in Latin America.
Download or read book Financing Health Services in Developing Countries written by John S. Akin and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses several different approaches that support reforming health care services in developing countries. For some time now, health care services have been supported by government funds. As demands for improving health care services continue to increase additional demands will be placed on governments to respond. This, however, will not be easy. Slow economic growth and record budget deficits in the 1980's have forced reductions in public spending. Alternative approaches to finance health care services are needed. Such possible changes could involve: decentralization of federal government involvement; the promotion of nongovernment involvement; the imposition of user fees; and, establishing health insurance. Finally, the role of the Bank in pursuing new financing strategies is discussed.
Download or read book Reshaping Health Care in Latin America written by International Development Research Centre (Canada) and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2000 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reshaping Health Care in Latin America: A Comparative Analysis of Health Care Reform in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico
Download or read book The Politics of Pharmaceutical Policy Reform written by Elize Massard da Fonseca and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-17 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil is renowned worldwide for its remarkable reforms in pharmaceutical regulation, which have enhanced access to essential medicines while lowering drug costs. This book innovates by analysing the generic drug reform in Brazil, demonstrating that pharmaceutical regulation is only partially influenced by non-state actors. Little is known about the institutional antecedents and policy process that channeled this regulatory reform. This is particularly intriguing because a regulatory shift in the pharmaceutical sector requires the participation of a number of stakeholders and interest groups in the policy process. Fonseca examines the generic drug reform’s causes and consequences. No study has approached the generic drug regulation in Brazil from this perspective. The Politics of Pharmaceutical Policy Reform: A Study of Generic Drug Regulation in Brazil, explores the following: · The politics of pharmaceutical regulation in Brazil over the last 25 years. · The political negotiations to approve the Generic Drug Act, which involved a hard-to-reach agreement between the pharmaceutical industry (national and multinational), the Ministry of Health, and Congress · The controversial decisions to regulate packaging and pharmaceutical equivalence. · The surprising success of Brazilian pharmaceutical firms, which became market champions in a sector largely dominated by multinational firms. · Comparative lessons from the Brazilian case for the political construction of regulatory standards to regulate generic drugs and its effects on global health. This book will interest political scientists and health policy scholars concerned with the political conflicts in the pharmaceutical sector. It argues against well-established approaches to regulatory capture such as control of the regulatory process by interest groups and policy diffusion. It can be used as evidence for graduate courses in public policy, health policy and political science. Because Brazil is one of the largest markets for pharmaceuticals in the world, business leaders and consultancy firms would also be interested.
Download or read book The Economics of Public Health Care Reform in Advanced and Emerging Economies written by Mr.David Coady and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-04-13 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using cross-country analysis and case studies, this book provides new insights and potential policy responses for the key fiscal policy challenges that both advanced and emerging economies will be facing.
Download or read book Handbook on Gender and Health written by Jasmine Gideon and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2016-05-27 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook brings together a groundbreaking collection of chapters that uses a gender lens to explore health, health care and health policy in both the Global South and North. Empirical evidence is drawn from a variety of different settings and points to the many ways in which the gendered dimensions of health have become reworked across the globe. This collection includes insightful contributions from 56 leading authorities from Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, offering a wealth of knowledge, theoretical reflection, and empirical detail on the essential elements surrounding gender and health. Topics covered include theoretical approaches to understanding gender and health, migration, sexuality, ageing, masculinities, climate change and sexual and reproductive rights. Split into four thematic sections, this book strives to develop a clear road map towards achieving gender justice in health. The Handbook on Gender and Healthwill be an important resource for researchers, students, and instructors of health policy and family and gender studies. Contributors include:G. Alvarez Minte, E. Ansoleaga Moreno, L. Artazcoz, A.-E. Birn, R.A. Burgess, A. Coates, I. Cortès-Franch, S. Del Pino, K. Devries, X. Díaz Berr, L. Doyal, K. Elzein, V. Escribà-Agüir, B. Eveslage, C. Ewig, J. Gideon, J. Gonçalves Martín, B. Gough, H. Grundlingh, M. Gutmann, R.R. Habib, M.C. Inhorn, D. Johnston, D.M. Kamuya, L. Knight, M. Koivusalo, R. Kumar, M. Leite, J. Lyra, E. MacPherson, A.M. Cardarelli, P. McDonough, B. Medrado, L.M. Morgan, S.F. Murray, J. Namakula, L. Núñez Carrasco, S. Payne, E. Richards, N. Richardson, M. Richter, S. Robertson, M. Robinson, J. Samuel, S. Sexton, J.A. Smith, S. Smith, D.L. Spitzer, S.N. Ssali, S. Theobald, R. Tolhurst, J. Vearey, P. Vero-Sanso, S. Witter, N. Younes, F. Zalwango
Download or read book The Brazilian Way of Doing Public Administration written by Erika Lisboa and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2023-02-22 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Brazilian Way of Doing Public Administration is an accessible collaboration between scholars and practitioners rich with findings applicable worldwide, exploring Brazil’s government’s functioning at various points in recent history.
Download or read book Improving Health Service Delivery in Developing Countries written by David H. Peters and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reliable information on how health service strategies affect the poor is in short supply. In an attempt to redress the imbalance, 'Improving Health Service Delivery in Developing Countries' presents evidence on strategies for strengthening health service delivery, based on systematic reviews of the literature, quantitative and qualitative analyses of existing data, and seven country case studies. The authors also explore how changes in coverage of different health services affect each other on the national level. Finally, the authors explain why setting international targets for health services has been not been successful and offer an alternative approach based on a specific country's experience.The book's findings are clear and hopeful: There are many ways to improve health services. Measuring change and using information to guide decisions and inform stakeholders are critically important for successful implementation. Asking difficult questions, using information intelligently, and involving key stakeholders and institutions are central to the "learning and doing" practices that underlie successful health service delivery.
Download or read book Globalization and Health written by Ichiro Kawachi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-09-21 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization is breaking down economic, political, cultural, demographic, and social barriers across the world at an astonishing pace. The topic of globalization can arouse passionate debate in many circles including academic journals, the popular media, and even on the streets. This new world order is marked by new actors, new rules of governance, new forms of communication, and the global movement of populations. Health is an exquisitely sensitive mirror of social conditions, and the authors of this book argue that the assessment of health is an important criterion for evaluating and monitoring the progress of globalization. This book provides an analysis of the most serious global threats to health, the tools that can be used to evaluate them, and the international agencies established to respond to them. Medical threats such as infectious diseases, obesity, tobacco use, and global climate change are discussed, but the authors also expand their scope to include socio-political health impacts such as economic inequality. The complex role of organizations such as the World Health Organization, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank is also analyzed, as is the increasing interconnectedness of health and non-health actors. Is this blurring of boundaries really beneficial to the public's health, or have these actors abandoned health issues for power politics? By drawing together an international group of health experts,Globalization and Health provides a comprehensive account of the successes and failures, as well as the challenges and opportunities of globalization for public health.
Download or read book Committing to Results written by Martha Ainsworth and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This evaluation assesses the development effectiveness of the World Bank's country-level HIV/AIDS assistance defined as policy dialogue, analytic work, and lending with the explicit objective of reducing the scope or impact of the AIDS epidemic. The evaluation identifies findings from this experience and makes recommendations to improve the relevance, efficiency and efficacy of ongoing and future activities. This is the first comprehensive evaluation of the World Bank's HIV/AIDS support to countries, from the beginning of the epidemic through mid-2004. Because the Bank's assistance is for implementation of government programs by government, it provides important insights on how national AIDS programs can be made more effective.
