Download or read book Health Risk from Pm2 5 and Ozone in Melbourne written by Sarunya Sujaritpong and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Australia, adverse health impacts of air pollution have still been reported despite relatively low pollution levels. There is a growing concern that climate change may have a detrimental effect on future air quality and impose additional air pollution-related health burdens. This thesis aimed to assess the impacts of future climate change on the health effects of air pollution in the Melbourne Region. Firstly, the best approach was identified to estimate baseline relative risks for cardiovascular and respiratory mortality and emergency department (ED) visits associated with exposure to particulate matter with diameters of less than 2.5 micrometres (fine PM) and ozone. A Poisson regression model was fitted to estimate the baseline relative risks by using data during 1999-2008. A blending approach in which air pollution and weather data were generated by merging simulations and measurements was selected as it provided larger risk estimates, thought to indicate lower measurement error. The blending approach was used further to explore whether there was evidence of a modifying effect of temperature on the air pollution-related health risks. The Poisson model previously developed was modified to include an interaction term for temperature strata. Non-uniform relative risks for fine PM- and ozone-related respiratory ED visits across the temperature range were observed, suggesting the effect modification of temperature. Next, the baseline relative risks earlier estimated were used to predict changes in air pollution-related respiratory ED visits induced by climate change in the Port Phillip Region between 2065-2074 and 1996-2005. Two methods, with and without inclusion of the temperature modifying effect, were used. Without the temperature modifying effect, exposure to future ozone modified by the changing climate was estimated to cause an additional 60 to 110 respiratory ED visits over three summer months. An increase of 15 to 26 respiratory ED visits over the summer period was estimated due to exposure to fine PM. In winter, a reduction in fine PM-related respiratory ED visits was estimated based on three of four global circulation models. When using the method taking account of the temperature modifying effect, an increase in estimates of fine PM-related respiratory ED visits for summer and winter between the two periods was predicted, with a greater magnitude compared to the estimates predicted by the other method. A little difference in ozone-related respiratory morbidity between the two decades was predicted for summer with inclusion of the temperature modifying effect. Finally, the sensitivity of the estimated changes in respiratory morbidity to uncertainties in non-climate factors was explored. Among the factors examined, future population growth appeared to be the largest contributor to the variation in estimated changes in the future health effects of air pollution. This thesis provides a systematic investigation of the health risks of air pollution under the effects of future climate change, including a careful analysis of the sensitivity of the results to uncertainties. Assessing the health impacts of extreme air pollution episodes under climate change is an important area, not examined here, that should be the focus of future studies.
Download or read book Characterization of Ambient Ozone and Fine Particulate Matter PM2 5 Concentrations Human Exposure and Pulmonary Health Effects in the Great Smokey Mountains National Park written by Steven P. Girardot and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Health Aspects of Air Pollution with Particulate Matter Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Health Impacts of Transport Emissions in Australia written by Madhumita Lodh and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Health of People Health of Planet and Our Responsibility written by Wael Al-Delaimy and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-13 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book not only describes the challenges of climate disruption, but also presents solutions. The challenges described include air pollution, climate change, extreme weather, and related health impacts that range from heat stress, vector-borne diseases, food and water insecurity and chronic diseases to malnutrition and mental well-being. The influence of humans on climate change has been established through extensive published evidence and reports. However, the connections between climate change, the health of the planet and the impact on human health have not received the same level of attention. Therefore, the global focus on the public health impacts of climate change is a relatively recent area of interest. This focus is timely since scientists have concluded that changes in climate have led to new weather extremes such as floods, storms, heat waves, droughts and fires, in turn leading to more than 600,000 deaths and the displacement of nearly 4 billion people in the last 20 years. Previous work on the health impacts of climate change was limited mostly to epidemiologic approaches and outcomes and focused less on multidisciplinary, multi-faceted collaborations between physical scientists, public health researchers and policy makers. Further, there was little attention paid to faith-based and ethical approaches to the problem. The solutions and actions we explore in this book engage diverse sectors of civil society, faith leadership, and political leadership, all oriented by ethics, advocacy, and policy with a special focus on poor and vulnerable populations. The book highlights areas we think will resonate broadly with the public, faith leaders, researchers and students across disciplines including the humanities, and policy makers.
Download or read book WHO global air quality guidelines written by Weltgesundheitsorganisation and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of these updated global guidelines is to offer health-based air quality guideline levels, expressed as long-term or short-term concentrations for six key air pollutants: PM2.5, PM10, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. In addition, the guidelines provide interim targets to guide reduction efforts of these pollutants, as well as good practice statements for the management of certain types of PM (i.e., black carbon/elemental carbon, ultrafine particles, particles originating from sand and duststorms). These guidelines are not legally binding standards; however, they provide WHO Member States with an evidence-informed tool, which they can use to inform legislation and policy. Ultimately, the goal of these guidelines is to help reduce levels of air pollutants in order to decrease the enormous health burden resulting from the exposure to air pollution worldwide.
Download or read book Intelligent Data Analysis written by Deepak Gupta and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-07-13 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on methods and tools for intelligent data analysis, aimed at narrowing the increasing gap between data gathering and data comprehension, and emphasis will also be given to solving of problems which result from automated data collection, such as analysis of computer-based patient records, data warehousing tools, intelligent alarming, effective and efficient monitoring, and so on. This book aims to describe the different approaches of Intelligent Data Analysis from a practical point of view: solving common life problems with data analysis tools.
Download or read book Sex and Gender Differences in Pharmacology written by Vera Regitz-Zagrosek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-02 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the very first book to deal with sex and gender differences in drug therapy - an increasingly recognized medical need. It starts with an overview on S/G in clinical syndromes and a documentation of the medical and socioeconomic damage caused by gender specific adverse drug effects. Part I covers S/G differences in pharmacokinetics. Researchers will be satisfied by the detailed discussion of the mechanisms of S/G differences in drug effects that represents cutting edge science and includes interaction of drugs with sex hormones, genomic and epigenetic mechanisms. It also covers S/G in drug development, in animal models and clinical development and S/G in drug prescriptions. Part II targets S/G differences in drug effects in cardiovascular, pulmonary, CNS, neuromuscular, neuropsychiatric and metabolic diseases, in cancer, inflammation, and rheumatic diseases, in bacterial and retroviral infections, thrombosis, embolism. New drugs will be discussed.
Download or read book Understanding Environmental Pollution written by Marquita K. Hill and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-26 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Environmental Pollution systematically introduces pollution issues to students and others with little scientific background. The first edition received excellent reviews, and the new edition has been completely refined and updated. The book moves from the definition of pollution and how pollutants behave, to air and water pollution basics, pollution and global change, solid waste, and pollution in the home. It also discusses persistent and bioaccumulative chemicals, and pesticides, and it places greater stress on global pollutants. The relationship between energy generation and use, and pollution is stressed, as well as the importance of going beyond pollution control, to pollution prevention. Impacts on human and environmental health are emphasized throughout. Students are often invited to come to their own conclusions after having been presented with a variety of opinions. This textbook provides the basic concepts of pollution, toxicology and risk assessment for non-science majors as well as environmental science students.
Download or read book Health and the Environment written by Lisa Sainsbury and published by . This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Public Health Significance of Urban Pests written by Xavier Bonnefoy and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century witnessed important changes in ecology, climate and human behaviour that favoured the development of urban pests. Most alarmingly, urban planners now face the dramatic expansion of urban sprawl, in which city suburbs are growing into the natural habitats of ticks, rodents and other pests. Also, many city managers now erroneously assume that pest-borne diseases are relics of the past. All these changes make timely a new analysis of the direct and indirect effects of present-day urban pests on health. Such an analysis should lead to the development of strategies to manage them and reduce the risk of exposure. To this end, WHO invited international experts in various fields - pests, pest-related diseases and pest management - to provide evidence on which to base policies. These experts identified the public health risk posed by various pests and appropriate measures to prevent and control them. This book presents their conclusions and formulates policy options for all levels of decision-making to manage pests and pest-related diseases in the future. [Ed.]
Download or read book Air Pollution written by Bhola R. Gurjar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollution is recognized as one of the leading contributors to the global environmental burden of disease, even in countries with relatively low concentrations of air pollution. Air Pollution: Health and Environmental Impacts examines the effect of this complex problem on human health and the environment in different settings around the world. I
Download or read book National Air Quality and Emissions Trends Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Global Health written by Ilona Kickbusch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 2881 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global health is a rapidly emerging discipline with a transformative potential for public policy and international development. Emphasizing transnational health issues, global health aims to improve health and achieve health equity for all people worldwide. Its multidisciplinary scope includes contributions from many disciplines within and beyond the health sciences, including clinical medicine, public health, social and behavioral sciences, environmental sciences, economics, public policy, law and ethics. This large reference offers up-to-date information and expertise across all aspects of global health and helps readers to achieve a truly multidisciplinary understanding of the topics, trends as well as the clinical, socioeconomic and environmental drivers impacting global health. As a fully comprehensive, state-of-the-art and continuously updated, living reference, the Handbook of Global Health is an important, dynamic resource to provide context for global health clinical care, organizational decision-making, and overall public policy on many levels. Health workers, physicians, economists, environmental and social scientists, trainees and medical students as well as professionals and practitioners will find this handbook of great value.
Download or read book Air Pollution Emissions written by Daniel G. Vasiliev and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental science, engineering and technology.
Download or read book Climate Change and Cities written by Cynthia Rosenzweig and published by . This book was released on 2018-03-29 with total page 855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate Change and Cities bridges science-to-action for climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts in cities around the world.
Download or read book State of Knowledge Report written by Australian Government - Department of the Environment - Biodiversity Group and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of existing information on air toxics and indoor air quality on Australia. Drawing together a broad range of information, it is intended that this report will provide a useful reference point to help governments, industry and the public work together to develop appropriate management strategies.
