Download or read book Harmonics in Offshore Wind Power Plants written by Jakob Bærholm Glasdam and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-26 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on cutting-edge findings regarding harmonic stability assessment for offshore wind power plants (OWPPs). It presents a timely investigation of the harmonic stability interaction between OWPPs on the one hand, and associated control systems in the wind turbines and other power electronic devices in the transmission system on the other. The book particularly focuses on voltage-sourced converter high-voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) and static compensator (STATCOM) systems. From a practical perspective, the book reports on appropriate models for power electronic devices. It describes how the frequency domain evaluation approach can be assessed by comparing results obtained with the Nyquist stability criterion against the more detailed electromagnetic transient based model realized in the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation program. The book also provides a concise yet complete overview of large OWPPs that incorporate power electronic devices on a broad scale, and highlights selected challenges and opportunities in the context of real-world applications.

Download or read book Harmonic Interactions in HVAC connected Offshore Windfarms written by Lara Depla and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The connection of new Offshore Wind Power Plants (OWPP) in the existing Dutch transmission system gives rise to many technical challenges. For example, it is expected that harmonic issues will occur more frequently when the number of large offshore wind farms increases. Cases have already been reported in which resonances were triggered in HVDC- or HVAC-connected OWPPs and the wind farms had to be taken out of operation. Recently developed offshore wind farms contain wind turbines which are connected to the system with a full-scale back-to-back Voltage Source Converter, which is responsible for inserting harmonics into the system. The onshore grid is also responsible for injecting harmonics. Since the wind turbine converter is an active element, where the control loops actively determine its electrical behaviour, it interacts with other converters and with the background harmonics inserted from the network. The initial harmonic emissions and the harmonic interactions can lead to an excitation of a resonance frequency. The cables, transformers, capacitor banks and filters are responsible for shifting the resonance frequencies. Especially a long HV export cable can strongly alter the resonance frequencies of the system. To analyze the impact of connecting an increasing amount of wind farms to the same Point of Connection on the harmonic emission levels, a Harmonic Impact Assessment was performed for three offshore wind farms in the Dutch North Sea. Since the wind turbine converters are active elements, its electrical behaviour can be captured with an equivalent impedance, or Norton Equivalent. This Norton Equivalent was utilized in the Harmonic Impact Assessment to include the active behaviour of the converter. When comparing this novel approach to the conventional methodology, the expected peaks in the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) are shifted. When an increasing amount of wind farms is connected, peaks in the THD shifted to lower frequencies. Then, depending on the specific profile of the background harmonics and the impedance profiles of the grid and the OWPP, this translates into the disappearance of appearance of an exceedance of the emission limits. The effect of connecting two wind farms to the same Point of Connection instead of a single wind farm on the harmonic stability, was assessed. Frequency sweeps of the two assessed wind farms made clear that the presence of an additional filter in a wind farm leads to a small shift in the series resonance points. When multiple wind farms are connected instead of solely one wind farm, series resonance frequencies are shifted to lower frequencies and less damping appears to be present in the system. Lastly, the postive-net damping criteria was applied to assess the stability of a system in which a varying number of wind farms is connected. Time-domain simulations in PSCAD were performed to varify the results. It can be concluded that a system becomes less damped, and therefore less stable, when an increasing amount of wind farms is connected. This effect arises since the various wind farms are placed in parallel and the total resistance of the wind farms becomes smaller than the sum of the resistances of each wind farm. Moreover, when less wind turbines are in operation, less damping is present in the system since the resistance of a single OWPP is then decreased.

Download or read book Harmonic Propagation Studies in Offshore Wind Power Clusters written by Marco Vinicio Chavez Baez and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent growth of new renewable energy sources has necessitated fresh avenues for research that searches for new methods to optimise the electrical network and reduce power losses. As this issue represents a combinational problem, the larger electrical systems present more complexity - the reason why this problem remains unsolved. This research aims to develop an algorithm that suggests a set of configurations in large offshore wind power clusters to maintain harmonics at levels that let the clusters operate without operational problems caused by harmonics. The major case studies of harmonics in offshore wind farms are focused on the importance of harmonic analysis for obtaining better performance from the design of the components. The interactions between the components of the system affect harmonic performance, which, in turn, may yield adverse effects such as resonances that can cause instability and operational problems that could shut off one or more wind turbines, causing a significant fault if not controlled promptly. Consequently, it is essential to reduce these adverse effects, and it is in this context that this study locates the proposed algorithm. This research pays attention to harmonic minimisation in combination with power losses minimisation, thus implementing an evolutionary algorithm to be applied to offshore wind power clusters. The project is divided into two primary goals: First, developing the objective functions to calculate power flow and harmonic propagation. Second, implementing the objective functions to develop a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm that can minimise harmonic propagation and power losses between the different components of a grid. Once it is obtained a set of better configurations of the offshore wind farm, data is used and helps to the designer to make recommendations for possible control strategies in large offshore wind farm projects that will deliver the offshore capacity generated into the onshore AC grid.

Download or read book Harmonics in a Wind Power Plant Preprint written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind power generation has been growing at a very fast pace for the past decade, and its influence and impact on the electric power grid is significant. As in a conventional power plant, a wind power plant (WPP) must ensure that the quality of the power being delivered to the grid is excellent. At the same time, the wind turbine should be able to operate immune to small disturbances coming from the grid. Harmonics are one of the more common power quality issues presented by large WPPs because of the high switching frequency of the power converters and the possible nonlinear behavior from electric machines (generator, transformer, reactors) within a power plant. This paper presents a summary of the most important issues related to harmonics in WPPs and discusses practical experiences with actual Type 1 and Type 3 wind turbines in two WPPs.

Download or read book Advances in Wind Power written by Rupp Carriveau and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-11-21 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's wind energy industry is at a crossroads. Global economic instability has threatened or eliminated many financial incentives that have been important to the development of specific markets. Now more than ever, this essential element of the world energy mosaic will require innovative research and strategic collaborations to bolster the industry as it moves forward. This text details topics fundamental to the efficient operation of modern commercial farms and highlights advanced research that will enable next-generation wind energy technologies. The book is organized into three sections, Inflow and Wake Influences on Turbine Performance, Turbine Structural Response, and Power Conversion, Control and Integration. In addition to fundamental concepts, the reader will be exposed to comprehensive treatments of topics like wake dynamics, analysis of complex turbine blades, and power electronics in small-scale wind turbine systems.

Download or read book Power Quality Enhancement of Wind Energy Systems written by Wessam Arafa Hafez and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Harmonics in large offshore wind farms written by Łukasz Hubert Kocewiak and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design Control and Application of Modular Multilevel Converters for HVDC Transmission Systems written by Kamran Sharifabadi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-10-17 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design, Control and Application of Modular Multilevel Converters for HVDC Transmission Systems is a comprehensive guide to semiconductor technologies applicable for MMC design, component sizing control, modulation, and application of the MMC technology for HVDC transmission. Separated into three distinct parts, the first offers an overview of MMC technology, including information on converter component sizing, Control and Communication, Protection and Fault Management, and Generic Modelling and Simulation. The second covers the applications of MMC in offshore WPP, including planning, technical and economic requirements and optimization options, fault management, dynamic and transient stability. Finally, the third chapter explores the applications of MMC in HVDC transmission and Multi Terminal configurations, including Supergrids. Key features: Unique coverage of the offshore application and optimization of MMC-HVDC schemes for the export of offshore wind energy to the mainland. Comprehensive explanation of MMC application in HVDC and MTDC transmission technology. Detailed description of MMC components, control and modulation, different modeling approaches, converter dynamics under steady-state and fault contingencies including application and housing of MMC in HVDC schemes for onshore and offshore. Analysis of DC fault detection and protection technologies, system studies required for the integration of HVDC terminals to offshore wind power plants, and commissioning procedures for onshore and offshore HVDC terminals. A set of self-explanatory simulation models for HVDC test cases is available to download from the companion website. This book provides essential reading for graduate students and researchers, as well as field engineers and professionals who require an in-depth understanding of MMC technology.

Download or read book Evaluation of Harmonic Risk in Offshore Wind Farms written by Markel Zubiaga and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluation of Harmonic Risk in Offshore Wind Farms.

Download or read book A Framework to Analyze the Stochastic Harmonics and Resonance of Wind Energy Grid Interconnection written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study addresses a modeling and analysis methodology for investigating the stochastic harmonics and resonance concerns of wind power plants (WPPs). Wideband harmonics from modern wind turbines are observed to be stochastic, associated with real power production, and they may adversely interact with the grid impedance and cause unexpected harmonic resonance if not comprehensively addressed in the planning and commissioning of the WPPs. These issues should become more critical as wind penetration levels increase. We thus propose a planning study framework comprising the following functional steps: First, the best-fitted probability density functions (PDFs) of the harmonic components of interest in the frequency domain are determined. In operations planning, maximum likelihood estimations followed by a chi-square test are used once field measurements or manufacturers' data are available. Second, harmonic currents from the WPP are represented by randomly-generating harmonic components based on their PDFs (frequency spectrum) and then synthesized for time-domain simulations via inverse Fourier transform. Finally, we conduct a comprehensive assessment by including the impacts of feeder configurations, harmonic filters, and the variability of parameters. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed study approach for a 100-MW offshore WPP consisting of 20 units of 5-MW full-converter turbines, a realistic benchmark system adapted from a WPP under development in Korea, and discuss lessons learned through this research.

Download or read book Wind Energy Handbook written by Tony L. Burton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-19 with total page 1016 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully updated and authoritative reference to wind energy technology written by leading academic and industry professionals The newly revised Third Edition of the Wind Energy Handbook delivers a fully updated treatment of key developments in wind technology since the publication of the book’s Second Edition in 2011. The criticality of wakes within wind farms is addressed by the addition of an entirely new chapter on wake effects, including ‘engineering’ wake models and wake control. Offshore, attention is focused for the first time on the design of floating support structures, and the new ‘PISA’ method for monopile geotechnical design is introduced. The coverage of blade design has been completely rewritten, with an expanded description of laminate fatigue properties and new sections on manufacturing methods, blade testing, leading-edge erosion and bend-twist coupling. These are complemented by new sections on blade add-ons and noise in the aerodynamics chapters, which now also include a description of the Leishman-Beddoes dynamic stall model and an extended introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis. The importance of the environmental impact of wind farms both on- and offshore is recognized by expanded coverage, and the requirements of the Grid Codes to ensure wind energy plays its full role in the power system are described. The conceptual design chapter has been extended to include a number of novel concepts, including low induction rotors, multiple rotor structures, superconducting generators and magnetic gearboxes. References and further reading resources are included throughout the book and have been updated to cover the latest literature. As in previous editions, the core subjects constituting the essential background to wind turbine and wind farm design are covered. These include: The nature of the wind resource, including geographical variation, synoptic and diurnal variations, and turbulence characteristics The aerodynamics of horizontal axis wind turbines, including the actuator disc concept, rotor disc theory, the vortex cylinder model of the actuator disc and the Blade-Element/Momentum theory Design loads for horizontal axis wind turbines, including the prescriptions of international standards Alternative machine architectures The design of key components Wind turbine controller design for fixed and variable speed machines The integration of wind farms into the electrical power system Wind farm design, siting constraints, and the assessment of environmental impact Perfect for engineers and scientists learning about wind turbine technology, the Wind Energy Handbook will also earn a place in the libraries of graduate students taking courses on wind turbines and wind energy, as well as industry professionals whose work requires a deep understanding of wind energy technology.

Download or read book Simulation and Modeling Methodologies Technologies and Applications written by Gerd Wagner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-10 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book includes a set of selected papers from the 11th International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications (SIMULTECH 2021) that was held as an online event, from July 7 to 9, 2021. The conference brought together researchers and practitioners interested in methodologies and applications of modeling and simulation. New and innovative solutions are reported in this book. A selection was made after the conference, based also on the conference chairs assessment, reviewers’ assessment, quality of presentation and audience interest, so that this book includes the extended and revised versions of the very best papers of the conference.

Download or read book Wind Farm written by Gastón Orlando Suvire and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last two decades, increase in electricity demand and environmental concern resulted in fast growth of power production from renewable sources. Wind power is one of the most efficient alternatives. Due to rapid development of wind turbine technology and increasing size of wind farms, wind power plays a significant part in the power production in some countries. However, fundamental differences exist between conventional thermal, hydro, and nuclear generation and wind power, such as different generation systems and the difficulty in controlling the primary movement of a wind turbine, due to the wind and its random fluctuations. These differences are reflected in the specific interaction of wind turbines with the power system. This book addresses a wide variety of issues regarding the integration of wind farms in power systems. The book contains 14 chapters divided into three parts. The first part outlines aspects related to the impact of the wind power generation on the electric system. In the second part, alternatives to mitigate problems of the wind farm integration are presented. Finally, the third part covers issues of modeling and simulation of wind power system.

Download or read book Photovoltaic and Wind Energy Conversion Systems written by Emilio Figueres and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first decades of the current millennium, the contribution of photovoltaic and wind energy systems to power generation capacity has grown extraordinarily all around the world; in some countries, these systems have become two of the most relevant sources to meet the needs of energy supply. This Special Issue deals with all aspects of the development, implementation, and exploitation of systems and installations that operate with both sources of energy.

Download or read book Modernization of Electric Power Systems written by Ahmed F. Zobaa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book examines the significant challenges and possible solutions for enabling efficient modernization of electric power systems. It addresses rapidly changing electricity infrastructure needs and technical requirements and provides a practical introduction to the past, present, and future of energy efficiency and power quality concepts. The book also looks at recent developments in custom power conditioners that help improve the performance of transmission and distribution systems, ensure reliability, and reduce costs. Modernization of Electric Power Systems is a valuable resource for practicing engineers, students, and researchers interested in exploring and implementing energy efficiency and power quality in modern energy systems with renewables.

Download or read book Advanced Control of Doubly Fed Induction Generator for Wind Power Systems written by Dehong Xu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers the fundamental concepts and advanced modelling techniques of Doubly Fed Induction Generators accompanied by analyses and simulation results Filled with illustrations, problems, models, analyses, case studies, selected simulation and experimental results, Advanced Control of Doubly Fed Induction Generator for Wind Power Systems provides the basic concepts for modelling and controlling of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) wind power systems and their power converters. It explores both the challenges and concerns of DFIG under a non-ideal grid and introduces the control strategies and effective operations performance options of DFIG under a non-ideal grid. Other topics of this book include thermal analysis of DFIG wind power converters under grid faults; implications of the DFIG test bench; advanced control of DFIG under harmonic distorted grid voltage, including multiple-loop and resonant control; modeling of DFIG and GSC under unbalanced grid voltage; the LFRT of DFIG, including the recurring faults ride through of DFIG; and more. In addition, this resource: Explores the challenges and concerns of Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) under non-ideal grid Discusses basic concepts of DFIG wind power system and vector control schemes of DFIG Introduces control strategies under a non-ideal grid Includes case studies and simulation and experimental results Advanced Control of Doubly Fed Induction Generator for Wind Power Systems is an ideal book for graduate students studying renewable energy and power electronics as well as for research and development engineers working with wind power converters.

Download or read book Large Scale Renewable Power Generation written by Jahangir Hossain and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-28 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the issues of integrating large-scale renewable power generation into existing grids. The issues covered in this book include different types of renewable power generation along with their transmission and distribution, storage and protection. It also contains the development of medium voltage converters for step-up-transformer-less direct grid integration of renewable generation units, grid codes and resiliency analysis for large-scale renewable power generation, active power and frequency control and HVDC transmission. The emerging SMES technology for controlling and integrating large-scale renewable power systems is also discussed. Since the protection issues with large-scale distributed renewable power systems are different compared to the existing protection system for one way power flow, this book includes a new protection technique for renewable generators along with the inclusion of current status of smart grid. This book is a good reference for the researchers who are working the area of renewable power generation and smart grids.