Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by Hanna Dodiuk and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermosetting plastics are a distinct category of plastics whose high performance, durability and reliability at high temperatures makes them suitable for specialty applications ranging from automotive and aerospace through to electronic packaging and consumer products (your melamine kitchen worktop is a thermoset resin!). Recent developments in thermoset plastics technology and processes has broadened their use exponentially over recent years, and these developments continue: in November 2011, French scientists created a new lightweight thermoset that is as strong and stable as previous materials yet can be easily reworked and reshaped when heated which makes it unique amongst thermosets and allows for repair and recycling. The Handbook of Thermoset Plastics, now in its Third edition, provides a comprehensive survey of the chemical processes, manufacturing techniques and design properties of each polymer, along with their applications. Written by a team of highly experienced practitioners, the practical implications of using thermoset plastics are presented – both their strengths and weaknesses. The data and descriptions presented here enable engineers, scientists and technicians to form judgments and take action on the basis of informed analysis. The aim of the book is to help the reader to make the right decision and take the correct action – avoiding the pitfalls the authors’ experience has uncovered. The new edition has been updated throughout to reflect current practice in manufacturing and processing, featuring: Case Studies to demonstrate how particular properties make different polymers suitable for different applications, as well as covering end-use and safety considerations A new chapter on using nanoparticles to enhance thermal and mechanical properties A new chapter describing new materials based on renewable resources (such as soy-based thermoset plastics) A new chapter covering recent developments and potential future technologies such as new catalysts for Controlled Radical Polymerization Goodman and Dodiuk-Kenig provide a comprehensive reference guide to the chemistry, manufacturing and applications of thermosets Updated to include recent developments in manufacturing – from biopolymers to nanocomposites Case Studies illustrate applications of key thermoset plastics
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Resins written by Debdatta Ratna and published by Smithers Rapra Technology. This book was released on 2009 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ratna presents a detailed review of the recent advances on thermostat-based composites and nanocomposites, highlighting the future directions of research in various areas of thermostat resins.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by Hanna Dodiuk and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 1118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Thermoset Plastics, Fourth Edition provides complete coverage of the chemical processes, manufacturing techniques and design properties of each polymer, along with its applications. This new edition has been expanded to include the latest developments in the field, with new chapters on radiation curing, biological adhesives, vitrimers, and 3D printing. This detailed handbook considers the practical implications of using thermoset plastics and the relationships between processing, properties and applications, as well as analyzing the strengths and weakness of different methods and applications. The aim of the book is to help the reader to make the right decision and take the correct action on the basis of informed analysis – avoiding the pitfalls the authors’ experience has uncovered. In industry, the book supports engineers, scientists, manufacturers and R&D professionals working with plastics. The information included will also be of interest to researchers and advanced students in plastics engineering, polymer chemistry, adhesives and coatings. Offers a systematic approach, guiding the reader through chemistry, processing methods, properties and applications of thermosetting polymers Includes thorough updates that discuss current practice and the new developments on biopolymers, nanotechnology, 3D printing, radiation curing and biological adhesives Uses case studies to demonstrate how particular properties make different polymers suitable for different applications Covers end-use and safety considerations
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by Hanna Dodiuk and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-12-31 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once occupying a lesser, yet significant, role in the plastics' industry, thermoset plastics technology has increasingly become important to designers and users who work in specialty applications. Everything from toys to medical devices, and from automotive to sports and recreation products, are being manufactured using thermoset plastics. An increased understanding of thermoset plastics technology and processes has broadened their use exponentially over the last few years. In fact, the importance and contributions of unsaturated polyesters, urethanes, and epoxy thermosets have driven unprecedented sales and production figures that approach the definition of commodity materials. As a survey of the technology, the handbook provides the reader with the practical implications of crosslinking, as well as establishing relationships between time, temperature, and mass, often ignored in the general overviews allotted to thermoset plastics in other handbooks. The Handbook of Thermoset Plastics offers the most complete collection of general and technical details available for this important subject.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by Ana Dotan and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermosets from renewable sources have been a research focus for the last few decades. Bio-based thermoset resins are considered important candidates for sustainable development since they present the potential to reduce both CO2 footprints and the dependence on petroleum. In order to reduce the ecological impact of a polymer without compromising mechanical and thermal behavior, in some cases, partially bio-based raw materials are accepted. High bio-content resins based on low-toxicity raw materials are the goal for future bio-based thermoset polymers. Free formaldehyde bio-based phenol resins and free bisphenol A–epoxy resins are some examples of this green chemistry concept. The importance of the conversion of biomass into sustainable bio-based polymers is discussed. Chemical pathways developed to make monomers for thermoset polymers from vegetable oils, sugar, and bio-based polyphenols (lignin, tannin, cardanol) will be reviewed.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by Andreas Kandelbauer and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) and vinyl ester resins (VER) are among the most commercially important thermosetting matrix materials for composites. Although comparatively low cost, their technological performance is suitable for a wide range of applications, such as fiber-reinforced plastics, artificial marble or onyx, polymer concrete, or gel coats. The main areas of UPR consumption include the wind energy, marine, pipe and tank, transportation, and construction industries. This chapter discusses basic UPR and VER chemistry and technology of manufacturing, and consequent applications. Some important properties and performance characteristics are discussed, such as shrinkage behavior, flame retardance, and property modification by nanoparticles. Also briefly introduced and described are the practical aspects of UPR and VER processing, with special emphasis on the most widely used technological approaches, such as hand and spray layup, resin infusion, resin transfer molding, sheet and bulk molding, pultrusion, winding, and centrifugal casting.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermosetting Foams Aerogels and Hydrogels written by Prasanth Raghavan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-06-21 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Thermosetting Foams, Aerogels, and Hydrogels: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications presents the latest on the preparation, characterization, properties and applications of thermoset foams, aerogels and hydrogels. The book begins by introducing each of these concepts and their characteristics, current applications, potential for further development, and environmental impacts. This is followed by three sections, each focusing on foams, aerogels and hydrogels developed from a specific thermosetting polymer category, covering polyurethane, epoxy resins and formaldehyde. In each section, detailed coverage includes preparation, structure, characterization, properties, processing and applications based on material, along with key challenges in design, processing, implementation and solutions. This is a valuable resource for researchers and advanced students with an interest in thermoset lightweight materials across the disciplines of polymer science, chemistry, nanotechnology, materials science and engineering. The book will also be of interest to R&D professionals, engineers and scientists working with foams, hydrogels and aerogels for a range of applications and industries. Provides methodical coverage of polyurethane, epoxy and formaldehyde-based foams, aerogels and hydrogels Explores a range of high value applications across automotive and aerospace, defense, biomedicine, and other areas Considers challenges in design, processing and implementation, along with environmental aspects such as biodegradability and recyclability
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by Andreas Kandelbauer and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Process analysis and process control has attracted increasing interest in recent years. The development and application of process analytical methods is a prerequisite for the knowledge-based manufacturing of industrial goods, and allows for the production of high-value products of defined, constantly good quality. Discussed in this chapter are the measurement principle and some relevant aspects and illustrative examples of online monitoring tools as the basis for process control in the manufacturing and processing of thermosetting resins. Optical spectroscopy is featured as one of the main process analytical methods applicable to, among other applications, online monitoring of resin synthesis. In combination with chemometric methods for multivariate data analysis, powerful process models can be generated within the framework of feed-back and feed-forward control concepts. Other analytical methods covered in this chapter are those frequently used to control further processing of thermosets to the final parts, including: dielectric analysis, ultrasonics, fiberoptics, and fiber Bragg grating sensors.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by Olga Shepelev and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With recent developments in nanotechnology, thermoset nanocomposites offer numerous advantages compared to conventional composite materials. Moreover, with the emergence of commercial nanomaterials like nanoclays (NCs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), nanosilica (NS), Polyhedral-Oligomeric-Sil-Sesquioxanes (POSS), tungsten-disulfide (WS2) fullerenes and tubes, and Graphene (Gr), new potential routes have been opened to tailor thermosetting polymers in the nanoscale range. Due to the large surface area of the nanosize particles, only small amounts are needed to cause significant changes in the mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of polymer nanocomposites. When the surface areas of the nanoparticles are modified, additional dimensions for the formulation of structural adhesives and composite matrices arise, and can be used for a variety of applications. The formulation sequence and conditions are found to determine the structure and properties of the resulting nanocomposites. This chapter reviews and analyzes the various thermoset nanocomposites containing: NCs, CNTs, NS, POSS, WS2, and Gr.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by Witold Brostow and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epoxies are an indispensable class of polymers for modern industry. These materials are so ubiquitous, in fact, that scientists and engineers from a very wide range of disciplines are likely to encounter them in quite disparate settings. In recognition of this, the present chapter is organized to suit a variety of backgrounds: chemists, physicists, materials scientists, engineers, and the like. The essential elements of epoxy chemistry are presented first, followed by a host of physical properties, and then applications. In fitting with this aim, we also provide the reader with a review of the measurement techniques relevant to characterizing these materials.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by M. Satheesh Chandran and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-performance polymer matrix composites, particularly those for aerospace applications, are designed to withstand high thermal and aerodynamic stresses. This calls for matrix resins with superior thermal and thermo-mechanical properties. Among the diverse thermoset resins, bismaleimide resins stand out as a class of high-performance, addition-curable polyimide resins with excellent thermal, physical, and thermo-mechanical properties. However, their inherent limitations (including brittleness and poor processability) are impediments for their wide acceptability, thus necessitating their structural modification, co-reaction, or blending with suitable compounds to obviate these shortcomings. The widely accepted strategy for structural modification of BMI for conferring low temperature cure characteristics and enhanced toughness is to react it with allyl functional compounds. The allyl compounds react with maleimide groups via the Alder-ene reaction. This chapter deals with recent advances in this domain. It critically compiles the recent literature on the development of Alder-ene-type BMI polymers based on the reaction of various maleimides with allylated compounds. The various systems, their synthesis strategies, curing, and related properties are discussed. Intersystem comparisons have also been made. Where relevant, the chapter also discusses the cure characteristics of Alder-ene polymerization and further modifications of these resins with high-performance thermosets and thermoplastics. Recent studies on nano-modification of the Alder-ene polymer network have also been reviewed. It is concluded that this area is fast developing, and is an active area of research with the potential for producing advanced engineering plastics for applications ranging from adhesives to high-temperature and high-performance structural composites in the civil, defense, and aerospace industries.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by Kreisler S.Y. Lau and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An historical perspective is presented of the commercialization of key aromatic polyimides and related polymers since the mid-20th Century. This precedes a focused discussion of technical advancements in the research, development, and engineering applications of these polymers and modifications during the ensuing decades. Improvements on processibility to facilitate specific applications and fabrication methodologies in the aerospace, automotive, and semiconductor industries has resulted in the successful commercialization of many useful high-temperature resistant thermosetting aromatic polyimides and other aromatic polymers.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by Bibin John and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Syntactic foams are particulate polymer matrix composite materials consisting of hollow microspheres dispersed in a matrix. The matrix used in syntactic foams can be polymer, metal, or ceramic. Polymer matrices, particularly the thermosetting polymers, have been the most widely accepted matrices in syntactic foams. From the processing and application point of view, thermosetting syntactic foams have many advantages compared to thermoplastic ones. This chapter deals with syntactic foams based on various thermosetting resins and the chemistry of the resin systems. The resin systems are mainly phenolic, epoxy, cyanate ester, siloxane, polybenzoxazine, bismaleimide, and their blends. Apart from a brief chemistry of the parent resin systems, their syntactic foams have been described in detail. The aspects discussed are their processing, physical, thermal, and mechanical properties, applications, and degradation. Their properties can be engineered by a choice of matrix, microcell structure and its concentration, reinforcement, toughners, etc. While the thermal and thermo-physical characteristics are dictated by resin, mechanical and fracture characteristics are decided by both components. While epoxy, cyanate ester, and other such compounds provide structural syntactic foams, phenolics and their new generation versions provide thermo-structural materials. Syntactic foam ablators have made possible interplanetary space missions. Novel engineering concepts like lightweight self-healing give scope for extended applications of these systems. The recent advances in these areas are also discussed. These special materials with high specific strength are slated to replace conventional structural and thermo-structural materials in related engineering applications ranging from domestic to aerospace and defense.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by A. Gandini and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer networks derived from furan monomers are discussed, with particular emphasis on recent contributions. Resins based on furfural and furfuryl alcohol represent the most important family within this context, but other materials are becoming relevant, such as polyurethane foams, various photo-curable macromolecules bearing furan rings within the chain (or pendant to it), conjugated cross-linked poly(2-vinylfuran) as proton traps, and thermo-reversible networks prepared by Diels-Alder polycondensations involving furan and maleimide moieties.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by A. Pizzi and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter describes the main types of aminoplastic resins, such as urea-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, and melamine-urea-formaldehyde, their chemistry and their general principles of application: in adhesives, especially for wood, coatings , laminating, and moldings.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by Andreas Kandelbauer and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to their special structural features (triazine ring, oxygen linkages, low dielectric loss) cyanate ester resins represent a promising class of high-performance polymers. They are suitable as matrix materials for applications where, among other properties, stability at high service temperatures, low dielectric loss, and good mechanical performance is required. This chapter deals with some general aspects regarding the chemistry and technology of cyanate ester resins and highlights their most important applications. Relevant performance characteristics of cyanate esters and selected blends with bismaleimide and epoxy resins are briefly discussed. Some recent developments regarding novel monomers are presented as well.
Download or read book Handbook of Thermoset Plastics written by K.S. Santhosh Kumar and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polybenzoxazines (PBz) belong to the family of new generation phenolic resins. They have emerged as addition-curable polymers. This feature obviates many of the shortcomings associated with conventional phenolic resins. They are endowed with excellent thermal, physical, and thermo-physical properties, and surpass the features of many conventional and state-of-the-art polymers. These unique materials offer extraordinary characteristics: near zero shrinkage, no release of volatiles during cure, high Tg, low flammability, and high UV and chemical stabilities. Given the breadth of molecular design flexibility, a wide variety of polybenzoxazines can be developed. PBz equipped with additional curing groups can generally enhance the overall thermal and mechanical properties. Blends with epoxy resins, cyanate esters, and bismaleimides offer other opportunities for fine-tuning properties. This chapter gives an account of the developments of PBz materials from their inception to the current level of application in engineering areas.