Download or read book Handbook of Nucleating Agents written by George Wypych and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-01-25 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Nucleating Agents, Second Edition gives engineers and materials scientists the information they need to increase the production rate, modify structure and morphology, improve mechanical performance, and reduce the haze of polymeric products through proper selection of nucleating agents (and/or the so-called clarifying agents). The book analyzes the existing literature paying special attention to recent developments, and is divided into 14 chapters, each of which concentrates on essential performances of nucleating agents. Chemical origin and related properties of nucleating agents are analyzed in general terms to highlight the differences in their properties and the book also provides the most essential theoretical knowledge required for proper selection and use of nucleating and clarifying agents. This includes polymer crystallization with and without nucleating agents, parameters of crystallization, essential influences on the nucleation processes, the measures of nucleation efficiency, the mechanisms of nucleation, and the effective methods of dispersion of nucleating agents. Later chapters concentrate on the application aspects in different formulations, outlining nineteen polymer processing methods which require use of nucleating agents, forty different polymers which are known to use nucleating agents, and sixteen applied examples of commercial products with nucleating agents. The final three chapters discuss the effects of nucleating agents on physical and mechanical properties of materials, the most essential analytical techniques, and health and safety in use of nucleating agents. Enables engineers to use nucleating agents more effectively to increase production rate, modify structure and morphology, and reduce haze of polymer products Provides a theoretical grounding required for proper selection and use of nucleating and clarifying agents Offers an extensive review of current applications of nucleating agents in different formulations Includes analysis of the chemical origin and related properties of nucleating agents to highlight differences in their properties

Download or read book Handbook of Foaming and Blowing Agents written by George Wypych and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-03-12 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Foaming and Blowing Agents, Second Edition includes the most current information on foaming technology, guiding users on the proper selection of formulation, which is highly dependent on the mechanisms of action of blowing agents and foaming agents, as well as dispersion and solubility. The book includes properties of 23 groups of blowing agents and the typical range of technical performance for each group, including general properties, physical-chemical properties, health and safety, environmental impact, and applications in different products and polymers. All information is illustrated by chemical reactions and diagrams. Chapters in the book look at foaming mechanisms with the use of solid blowing agents, which are decomposed to the gaseous products by application of heat, production of gaseous products by chemical reaction, and foaming by gases and evaporating liquids. - Introduces the fundamental mechanisms of action of blowing agents and foaming - Includes best practice guidance to help engineers and technicians improve the efficiency of their existing foaming processes - Enables practitioners to select blowing agents and foaming methods more effectively, thus reducing the risk of poor specification - Introduces useful analytical techniques for foaming - Discusses the environmental impact of foaming processes

Download or read book Handbook of Industrial Polyethylene and Technology written by Mark A. Spalding and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 1671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides an exhaustive description of polyethylene. The 50+ chapters are written by some of the most experienced and prominent authors in the field, providing a truly unique view of polyethylene. The book starts with a historical discussion on how low density polyethylene was discovered and how it provided unique opportunities in the early days. New catalysts are presented and show how they created an expansion in available products including linear low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, copolymers, and polyethylene produced from metallocene catalysts. With these different catalysts systems a wide range of structures are possible with an equally wide range of physical properties. Numerous types of additives are presented that include additives for the protection of the resin from the environment and processing, fillers, processing aids, anti-fogging agents, pigments, and flame retardants. Common processing methods including extrusion, blown film, cast film, injection molding, and thermoforming are presented along with some of the more specialized processing techniques such as rotational molding, fiber processing, pipe extrusion, reactive extrusion, wire and cable, and foaming processes. The business of polyethylene including markets, world capacity, and future prospects are detailed. This handbook provides the most current and complete technology assessments and business practices for polyethylene resins.

Download or read book Polypropylene Handbook written by József Karger-Kocsis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-18 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book extensively reviews Polypropylene (PP), the second most widely produced thermoplastic material, having been produced for over 60 years. Its synthesis, processing and application are still accompanied by vigorous R&D developments because the properties of PP are at the borderline between those of commodity and engineering thermoplastics. Readers are introduced to various tacticities and polymorphs of PP, and their effects on structural properties. Further, the book addresses the control of optical properties using nucleants, provides strategies for overcoming the limited cold/impact resistance of PP, examines in detail the effects of recycling, and presents guidelines for the property modification of PPs through foaming, filling and reinforcing with respect to target applications. Special attention is paid to descriptions and models of properties as a function of morphological variables. Last but not least, the book suggests potential practical applications of PP-based systems, especially in the packaging, appliances, building/construction, textile and automotive sectors. Each chapter, written by internationally respected scientists, reflects the current state-of-art in the respective field and offers a vital source of information for students, researchers and engineers interested in the morphology, properties, testing and modeling of PP and PP-based systems. The content is indispensable to the appropriate application of PPs and related composites.

Download or read book Additives for Plastics Handbook written by J. Murphy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-11-22 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both technically and economically, additives form a large and increasingly significant part of the polymer industry, both plastics and elastomers. Since the first edition of this book was published, there have been wide-ranging developments, covering chemistry and formulation of new and more efficient additive systems and the safer use of additives, both by processors in the factory and, in the wider field, as they affect the general public. This new edition follows the successful formula of its predecessor, it provides a comprehensive view of all types of additives, concentrating mainly on their technical aspects (chemistry/formulation, structure, function, main applications) with notes on the commercial background of each. The field has been expanded to include any substance that is added to a polymer to improve its use, so including reinforcing materials (such as glass fibre), carbon black and titanium dioxide. This is a book which has been planned for ease of use and the information is presented in a way which is appropriate to the users' needs.

Download or read book Engineered Materials Handbook Desk Edition written by ASM International. Handbook Committee and published by ASM International. This book was released on 1995-11-01 with total page 1313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive reference on the properties, selection, processing, and applications of the most widely used nonmetallic engineering materials. Section 1, General Information and Data, contains information applicable both to polymers and to ceramics and glasses. It includes an illustrated glossary, a collection of engineering tables and data, and a guide to materials selection. Sections 2 through 7 focus on polymeric materials--plastics, elastomers, polymer-matrix composites, adhesives, and sealants--with the information largely updated and expanded from the first three volumes of the Engineered Materials Handbook. Ceramics and glasses are covered in Sections 8 through 12, also with updated and expanded information. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Download or read book Advances in Polymer Processing 2020 written by Christian Hopmann and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the proceedings of the International Symposium on Plastics Technology, which was held on March 10, 2020 in Aachen, Germany, and was organised by the Institute for Plastics Processing (IKV) in Industry and Craft at RWTH Aachen University. Peer-reviewed by an international scientific committee, the conference proceedings comprise the papers presented by the international speakers. Topics covered include - circular economy- extrusion- lightweight technologies- simulation and digitisation - injection moulding- hybrid materials and additive manufacturing. In these fields, key themes for plastics technologies have been identified that will shape the face of research and industry for the next decade. In their contributions, the authors present the latest scientific findings, and discuss topical issues in plastics technologies. The symposium offered an inspiring forum for the exchange on research and innovation, for discussing urgent questions and providing impulses for the future of plastics technology.

Download or read book Springer Handbook of Glass written by J. David Musgraves and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-08 with total page 1851 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides comprehensive treatment of the current state of glass science from the leading experts in the field. Opening with an enlightening contribution on the history of glass, the volume is then divided into eight parts. The first part covers fundamental properties, from the current understanding of the thermodynamics of the amorphous state, kinetics, and linear and nonlinear optical properties through colors, photosensitivity, and chemical durability. The second part provides dedicated chapters on each individual glass type, covering traditional systems like silicates and other oxide systems, as well as novel hybrid amorphous materials and spin glasses. The third part features detailed descriptions of modern characterization techniques for understanding this complex state of matter. The fourth part covers modeling, from first-principles calculations through molecular dynamics simulations, and statistical modeling. The fifth part presents a range of laboratory and industrial glass processing methods. The remaining parts cover a wide and representative range of applications areas from optics and photonics through environment, energy, architecture, and sensing. Written by the leading international experts in the field, the Springer Handbook of Glass represents an invaluable resource for graduate students through academic and industry researchers working in photonics, optoelectronics, materials science, energy, architecture, and more.

Download or read book Handbook of Industrial Crystallization written by Allan Myerson and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2002-01-08 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystallization is an important separation and purification process used in industries ranging from bulk commodity chemicals to specialty chemicals and pharmaceuticals. In recent years, a number of environmental applications have also come to rely on crystallization in waste treatment and recycling processes.The authors provide an introduction to the field of newcomers and a reference to those involved in the various aspects of industrial crystallization. It is a complete volume covering all aspects of industrial crystallization, including material related to both fundamentals and applications. This new edition presents detailed material on crystallization of biomolecules, precipitation, impurity-crystal interactions, solubility, and design.Provides an ideal introduction for industrial crystallization newcomers Serves as a worthwhile reference to anyone involved in the fieldCovers all aspects of industrial crystallization in a single, complete volume

Download or read book Handbook of Electrochemistry written by Cynthia G. Zoski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-02-07 with total page 935 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrochemistry plays a key role in a broad range of research and applied areas including the exploration of new inorganic and organic compounds, biochemical and biological systems, corrosion, energy applications involving fuel cells and solar cells, and nanoscale investigations. The Handbook of Electrochemistry serves as a source of electrochemical information, providing details of experimental considerations, representative calculations, and illustrations of the possibilities available in electrochemical experimentation. The book is divided into five parts: Fundamentals, Laboratory Practical, Techniques, Applications, and Data. The first section covers the fundamentals of electrochemistry which are essential for everyone working in the field, presenting an overview of electrochemical conventions, terminology, fundamental equations, and electrochemical cells, experiments, literature, textbooks, and specialized books. Part 2 focuses on the different laboratory aspects of electrochemistry which is followed by a review of the various electrochemical techniques ranging from classical experiments to scanning electrochemical microscopy, electrogenerated chemiluminesence and spectroelectrochemistry. Applications of electrochemistry include electrode kinetic determinations, unique aspects of metal deposition, and electrochemistry in small places and at novel interfaces and these are detailed in Part 4. The remaining three chapters provide useful electrochemical data and information involving electrode potentials, diffusion coefficients, and methods used in measuring liquid junction potentials. * serves as a source of electrochemical information * includes useful electrochemical data and information involving electrode potentials, diffusion coefficients, and methods used in measuring liquid junction potentials * reviews electrochemical techniques (incl. scanning electrochemical microscopy, electrogenerated chemiluminesence and spectroelectrochemistry)

Download or read book Handbook of Polymer Crystallization written by Ewa Piorkowska and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-07-01 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymeric crystals are more complex in nature than other materials' crystal structures due to significant structural disorder present. The only comprehensive reference on polymer crystallization, Handbook of Polymer Crystallization provides readers with a broad, in-depth guide on the subject, covering the numerous problems encountered during crystallization as well as solutions to resolve those problems to achieve the desired result. Edited by leading authorities in the field, topics explored include neat polymers, heterogeneous systems, polymer blends, polymer composites orientation induced crystallization, crystallization in nanocomposites, and crystallization in complex thermal processing conditions.

Download or read book Databook of Nucleating Agents written by George Wypych and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-04-07 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Databook of Nucleating Agents gives engineers and materials scientists the information they need to increase the production rate, modify structure and morphology, and reduce haze of polymeric products with proper selection of nucleating agents and clarifying agents. Chemical origin and related properties of nucleating agents are analyzed in general terms to highlight the differences in their properties, including the essential theoretical knowledge required for correct selection and use of nucleating and clarifying agents. This includes methods of chemical modification of nucleating agents and their deposition on suitable substrates; methods, and results of dispersion of nucleating agents, influence of their concentration and cooling rate on final result and rate of crystallization, nucleation efficiency of different products and the reasons behind it, and generally accepted mechanisms of nucleation. The book also covers application aspects in different formulations. Patent literature and research papers are extensively reviewed for different applications, and polymer processing methods which require use of nucleating agents are discussed, with an emphasis on the intricacies of use of nucleating agents in different polymers and products. - Enables engineers to use nucleating agents more effectively to increase production rate, modify structure and morphology, and reduce haze of polymer products - Provides the thorough theoretical grounding required for proper selection and use of nucleating and clarifying agents - Presents an extensive review of the current applications of nucleating agents in different formulations

Download or read book Polymer Foams Handbook written by Nigel Mills and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-03-23 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook explores the applications of polymer foams, and the properties that make them suitable for so many applications, in the detail required by postgraduate students, researchers and the many industrial engineers and designers who work with polymer foam in industry. It covers the mechanical properties of foams and foam microstructure, processing of foams, mechanical testing and analysis (using Finite element analysis). In addition, it uniquely offers a broader perspective on the actual engineering of foams and foam based (or foam including) products by including nine detailed case studies which firmly plant the theory of the book in a real world context, making it ideal for both polymer engineers and chemists and mechanical engineers and product designers.*Complete coverage of the mechanical and design aspects of polymer foams from an acknowledged international expert: no other book is available with this breadth making this a plastics engineer's first choice for a single volume Handbook*Polymer foams are ubiquitous in modern life, used everywhere from running shoes to furniture, and this book includes nine extensive case studies covering each key class of application, including biomechanics*Offers a rigorous mechanical and microstructure perspective, plus a computer based chapter: Essential for engineers and designers alike.

Download or read book Handbook of Polyolefins written by Cornelia Vasile and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-06-21 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A handbook on polyolefins. This second edition includes new material on the structure, morphology and properties of polyolefin (PO) synthesis. It focuses on synthetic advances, the use of additives, special coverage of PO blends, composites and fibres, and surface treatments. It also addresses the problem of interfacial and superficial phenomena.

Download or read book Modern Plastics Handbook written by Charles Harper and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2000-04-14 with total page 1234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State-of-the-art guide to plastic product design, manufacture and application. Edited by Charles A. Harper and sponsored by Modern Plastics, the industry's most prestigious trade magazine, Modern Plastics Handbook packs a wealth of up-to-date knowledge about plastics processes, forms and formulations, design, equipment, testing and recycling. This A-to-Z guide keeps you on top of: *Properties and performance of thermoplastics, polymer blends...thermosets, reinforced plastics and composites...natural and synthetic elastomers *Processes from extrusion, injection and blow molding to thermoforming, foam processing, hand lay-up and filament winding, and many, many more *Fabricating...post-production finishing and bonding...coatings and finishes, subjects difficult to find treated elsewhere in print *More!

Download or read book Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides MXenes Handbook written by Chuanfang Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-07-23 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the synthesis of high-quality MXenes In Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes) Handbook: Synthesis, Processing, Properties and Applications, a team of esteemed researchers provides an expert review encompassing the fundamentals of precursor selection, MXene synthesis, characterizations, properties, processing, and applications. You’ll find detailed discussions of the selection of MXene members for specific applications, as along with summaries of the physical and chemical properties of MXenes, including electrical, mechanical, optical, electromechanical, electrochemical, and electromagnetic properties. The authors delve into both successful and unsuccessful synthesis examples, offering detailed explanations of various failures to facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the reasons behind unsuccessful syntheses. Additionally, they provide detailed examinations on the characterizations of MXenes, empowering readers to develop a sophisticated understanding of how to achieve optimal quality, flake size, oxidation states, and more. You’ll also find: A thorough review of common applications of MXenes, including electrochemical applications, electromagnetic interference shielding, communications devices, and more Comprehensive explorations of solution and non-solution processing of MXenes Practical discussions of the synthesis of high-quality MXene powders, colloidal solutions and flakes, including information about MXene precursors Fulsome treatments of MXene precursor selection and their impact on MXene quality Tailored to meet the needs of graduate students, researchers, and scientists in the areas of materials science, inorganic chemistry, and physical chemistry, the Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes) Handbook will also benefit biochemists and professionals working in drug delivery.

Download or read book Bretherick s Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards written by Peter Urben and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 2660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards is an assembly of all reported risks such as explosion, fire, toxic or high-energy events that result from chemical reactions gone astray, with extensive referencing to the primary literature. It is designed to improve safety in laboratories that perform chemical synthesis and general research, as well as chemical manufacturing plants. Entries are ordered by empirical formula and indexed under both name(s) and Chemical Abstracts Registry Numbers. This two-volume compendium focuses on reactivity risks of chemicals, alone and in combination; toxicity hazards are only included for unexpected reactions giving volatile poisons - Predict, avoid, and control reactivity danger with this latest edition of the leading guide - Covers every chemical with documented information on reactive hazards; more than 5,000 entries on single elements or compounds, and 5,000 entries on the interactions between two or more compounds - Includes five years of new reports, new references to the primary literature, and amplification to existing entries - Links similar compounds or incidents that are not obviously related