Download or read book Handbook for Robustness Validation of Automotive Electrical electronic Modules written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook for Robustness Validation of Automotive Electrical Electronic Modules written by Automotive Electronic Systems Reliability Standards and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document addresses robustness of electrical/electronic modules for use in automotive applications. Where practical, methods of extrinsic reliability detection and prevention will also be addressed. This document primarily deals with electrical/electronic modules (EEMs), but can easily be adapted for use on mechatronics, sensors, actuators and switches. EEM qualification is the main scope of this document. Other procedures addressing random failures are specifically addressed in the CPI (Component Process Interaction) section 10. This document is to be used within the context of the Zero Defect concept for component manufacturing and product use.It is recommended that the robustness of semiconductor devices and other components used in the EEM be assured using SAE J1879 OCT2007, Handbook for Robustness Validation of Semiconductor Devices in Automotive Applications.The emphasis of this document is on hardware and manufacturing failure mechanisms, however, other contemporary issues as shown in Figure 1 need to be addressed for a thorough Robustness Validation. A Pareto of contemporary issues is shown in Figure 1. Although this document addresses many of the issues shown, however some are outside the scope of this document and will need to be addressed for a thorough RV process application. Examples of issues outside the scope of this document are system interactions, interfaces, functionality, HMI (Human-Machine Interface) and software. At the time of publication of this handbook, a system level Robustness Validation handbook, which addresses these issues, had been initiated. In late 2006 Members of the SAE International Automotive Electronic Systems Reliability Standards Committee and ZVEI (German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers` Association) formed a joint task force to update SAE Recommended Practice J1211 NOV1978 "Recommended Environmental Practices for Electronic Equipment Design." The 1978 of version of SAE J1211* was written in an era when electronics were first being introduced to the automobile. There was a high level of concern that the harsh environmental conditions experienced in locations in the vehicle could have a serious negative affect on the reliability of electronic components and systems. Some early engine control modules (ECMs) had failure rates in the 350 failures per million hours (f/106 hrs) range, or expressed in the customer's terms, a 25% probability of failure in the first 12 months of vehicle ownership. At that time, warranty data was presented in R/100 (repairs per 100 vehicles) units, for example, 25 R/100 at 12 months.In these early years, when the automotive electronics industry was in it's infancy, a large percentage of these were "hard" catastrophic and intermittent failures exacerbated by exposure to environmental extremes of temperature (40 °C to +85 °C); high mechanical loads from rough road vibration and rail shipment; mechanical shocks of up to 100g from handling and crash impact; severe electrical transients, electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic interference; large swings in electrical supply voltage; reverse electrical supply voltage; and exposure to highly corrosive chemicals (e.g., road salt and battery acid). The focus of the 1978 version of J1211 was on characterizing these harsh vehicle environment for areas of the vehicle (engine compartment, instrument panel, passenger compartment, truck, under body, etc.) and suggesting lab test methods which design engineers could use to evaluate the performance of their components and systems at or near the worst-case conditions expected in the area of the vehicle where their electrical/electronic components would be mounted. By testing their prototypes at the worst case conditions (i.e., at the product's specification limits) described in the 1978 version of J1211 designers were able to detect and design out weaknesses and thereby reduce the likelihood of failure due to environmental factors.By the mid-1980s, it became common practice to specify "test-to-pass" (zero failures allowed) environmental conditions-based reliability demonstration life tests with acceptance levels in the 90% to 95% reliability range (with confidence levels of 70% to 90%). This translates to approximately 5 to 20 f/106 hrs. The sample size for these tests was determined using binomial distribution statistical tables and this would result in a requirement to test 6 to 24 test units without experiencing a failure. If a failure occurred, the sample size would have to be increased and the testing continued without another failure till the "bogie" was reached. The environmental conditions during the test were typically defined such that the units under test were operated at specification limits based on J1211 recommended practices (e.g., 40°C and +85°C) for at least some portion of the total test time. The "goal" of passing such a demonstration test was often very challenging and the "test-analyze-fix" programs that resulted, although very time-consuming and expensive, produced much-needed reliability growth. Reliability improved significantly in the late 1980s and early 1990s and vehicle manufactures and their suppliers began expressing warranty data in R/1000 units instead of R/100 units.By the turn of the century automobile warranty periods had increased from 12 months to 3, 4, 5 (and even 10 years for some systems) and most manufacturers had started specifying life expectancies for vehicle components of 10, 15 and sometimes 20 years. And by this time several vehicle manufacturers and their best electrical/electronic component suppliers had improved reliability to the point where warranty data was being expressed in parts-per-million (ppm) in the triple, double and even single-digit range. This translates to failure rates in the 0.05 f/106 hrs range and better! The achievement of such high reliability is not the result of test-to-pass reliability demonstration testing based on binomial distribution statistical tables. With this method, reliability demonstration in the 99.99% to 99.9999% range would require thousands of test units! On the contrary, the methods and techniques used by engineering teams achieving such reliability excellence did not require increasingly large sample sizes, more expensive and lengthy testing, or more engineers. It is about working smarter, not harder; and about systems-level robust design and robustness validation thinking rather than component-level "test-to-pass" thinking.The task force leaders and members were of the strong opinion that the 2008 version of SAE J1211 should document the state-of-the-art methods and techniques being used by leading companies and engineering teams to achieve ultra-high reliability while at the same time reducing overall cost life-cycle and shortening time-to-market. The SAE International Automotive Electronic Systems Reliability Standards Committee and ZVEI (German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers` Association) are hopeful that this Handbook for Robustness Validation of Automotive Electrical/Electronic Modules will help many companies and engineering teams make the transition from the 1980s "cookbook" reliability demonstration approach to a more effective, economically feasible knowledge-based Robustness Validation approach.* Relevant information and data from SAE J1211 NOV1978 is preserved in SAE J2837 "Environmental Conditions and Design Practices for Automotive Electronic Equipment: Reference Data from SAE J1211 NOV1978"

Download or read book R Handbook for Robustness Validation of Automotive Electrical electronic Modules written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This document addresses robustness of electrical/electronic modules for use in automotive applications. Where practical, methods of extrinsic reliability detection and prevention will also be addressed. This document primarily deals with electrical/electronic modules (EEMs), but can easily be adapted for use on mechatronics, sensors, actuators and switches. EEM qualification is the main scope of this document. Other procedures addressing random failures are specifically addressed in the CPI (Component Process Interaction) section 10. This document is to be used within the context of the Zero Defect concept for component manufacturing and product use. It is recommended that the robustness of semiconductor devices and other components used in the EEM be assured using SAE J1879 OCT2007, Handbook for Robustness Validation of Semiconductor Devices in Automotive Applications. The emphasis of this document is on hardware and manufacturing failure mechanisms, however, other contemporary issues as shown in Figure 1 need to be addressed for a thorough Robustness Validation. A Pareto of contemporary issues is shown in Figure 1. Although this document addresses many of the issues shown, however some are outside the scope of this document and will need to be addressed for a thorough RV process application. Examples of issues outside the scope of this document are system interactions, interfaces, functionality, HMI (Human-Machine Interface) and software. At the time of publication of this handbook, a system level Robustness Validation handbook, which addresses these issues, had been initiated"--Publisher's website.

Download or read book Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications 2009 written by Gereon Meyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-15 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current economic crisis is cutting the automotive sector to the quick. Public authorities worldwide are now faced with requests for providing loans and accepting guarantees and even for putting large automotive companies under state control. Assessing the long-term benefits of such help and wei- ing the needs of different sectors against each other poses a major challenge for the national policies. Given the upcoming change of customer preferences and state regulations towards safety, sustainability and comfort of a car, the automotive industry is particularly called to prove its ability to make nec- sary innovations available in order to accelerate its pace to come out of the crisis. Consequently the Green Car is assuming a prominent role in the current debate. Various power train concepts are currently under discussion for the Green Car including extremely optimised internal combustion engines, hybrid drives and battery-electric traction. Electrical cars are the most appealing option because they are free of local emissions and provide the opportunity to use primary energy from sources other than crude oil for transport. Well to wheel analysis show that their green-house gas emissions can be rated negligibly small if electricity from renewable sources like wind and solar is used.

Download or read book SAE International s Dictionary of Testing Verification and Validation written by Jon M. Quigley and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2023-10-30 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Created to elevate expertise in testing, verification, and validation with industry-specific terminology, readers are empowered to navigate the complex world of quality assurance. From foundational concepts to advanced principles, each entry provides clarity and depth, ensuring the reader becomes well-versed in the language of precision. This dictionary is an indispensable companion for both professionals and students seeking to unravel the nuances of testing methodologies, verification techniques, and validation processes. Readers will be equipped with the tools to communicate effectively, make informed decisions, and excel in projects. In addition, references to SAE Standards are included to direct the read to additional information beyond a practical definition. (ISBN 9781468605907, ISBN 9781468605914, ISBN 9781468605921, DOI 10.4271/9781468605914)

Download or read book Next Generation HALT and HASS written by Kirk A. Gray and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-08 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Next Generation HALT and HASS presents a major paradigm shift from reliability prediction-based methods to discovery of electronic systems reliability risks. This is achieved by integrating highly accelerated life test (HALT) and highly accelerated stress screen (HASS) into a physics-of-failure-based robust product and process development methodology. The new methodologies challenge misleading and sometimes costly mis-application of probabilistic failure prediction methods (FPM) and provide a new deterministic map for reliability development. The authors clearly explain the new approach with a logical progression of problem statement and solutions. The book helps engineers employ HALT and HASS by illustrating why the misleading assumptions used for FPM are invalid. Next, the application of HALT and HASS empirical discovery methods to quickly find unreliable elements in electronics systems gives readers practical insight to the techniques. The physics of HALT and HASS methodologies are highlighted, illustrating how they uncover and isolate software failures due to hardware-software interactions in digital systems. The use of empirical operational stress limits for the development of future tools and reliability discriminators is described. Key features: * Provides a clear basis for moving from statistical reliability prediction models to practical methods of insuring and improving reliability. * Challenges existing failure prediction methodologies by highlighting their limitations using real field data. * Explains a practical approach to why and how HALT and HASS are applied to electronics and electromechanical systems. * Presents opportunities to develop reliability test discriminators for prognostics using empirical stress limits. * Guides engineers and managers on the benefits of the deterministic and more efficient methods of HALT and HASS. * Integrates the empirical limit discovery methods of HALT and HASS into a physics of failure based robust product and process development process.

Download or read book Semiconductor Power Devices written by Josef Lutz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-15 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconductor power devices are the heart of power electronics. They determine the performance of power converters and allow topologies with high efficiency. Semiconductor properties, pn-junctions and the physical phenomena for understanding power devices are discussed in depth. Working principles of state-of-the-art power diodes, thyristors, MOSFETs and IGBTs are explained in detail, as well as key aspects of semiconductor device production technology. In practice, not only the semiconductor, but also the thermal and mechanical properties of packaging and interconnection technologies are essential to predict device behavior in circuits. Wear and aging mechanisms are identified and reliability analyses principles are developed. Unique information on destructive mechanisms, including typical failure pictures, allows assessment of the ruggedness of power devices. Also parasitic effects, such as device induced electromagnetic interference problems, are addressed. The book concludes with modern power electronic system integration techniques and trends.

Download or read book The Safety of Controllers Sensors and Actuators written by Juan Pimentel and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2019-03-07 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety has been ranked as the number one concern for the acceptance and adoption of automated vehicles since safety has driven some of the most complex requirements in the development of self-driving vehicles. Recent fatal accidents involving self-driving vehicles have uncovered issues in the way some automated vehicle companies approach the design, testing, verification, and validation of their products. Traditionally, automotive safety follows functional safety concepts as detailed in the standard ISO 26262. However, automated driving safety goes beyond this standard and includes other safety concepts such as safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF) and multi-agent safety. The Safety of Controllers, Sensors, and Actuators addresses the concept of safety for self-driving vehicles through the inclusion of 10 recent and highly relevent SAE technical papers. Topics that these papers feature include risk reduction techniques in semiconductor-based systems, component certification, and safety assessment and audits for vehcicle components. As the fifth title in a series on automated vehicle safety, this contains introductory content by the Editor with 10 SAE technical papers specifically chosen to illuminate the specific safety topic of that book.

Download or read book Reliability Characterisation of Electrical and Electronic Systems written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-12-24 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a holistic approach to reliability engineering for electrical and electronic systems by looking at the failure mechanisms, testing methods, failure analysis, characterisation techniques and prediction models that can be used to increase reliability for a range of devices. The text describes the reliability behavior of electrical and electronic systems. It takes an empirical scientific approach to reliability engineering to facilitate a greater understanding of operating conditions, failure mechanisms and the need for testing for a more realistic characterisation. After introducing the fundamentals and background to reliability theory, the text moves on to describe the methods of reliability analysis and charactersation across a wide range of applications. Takes a holistic approach to reliability engineering Looks at the failure mechanisms, testing methods, failure analysis, characterisation techniques and prediction models that can be used to increase reliability Facilitates a greater understanding of operating conditions, failure mechanisms and the need for testing for a more realistic characterisation

Download or read book Embedded Mechatronic Systems 2 written by Abdelkhalak El Hami and published by ISTE Press - Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embedded Mechatronic Systems 2: Analysis of Failures, Modeling, Simulation and Optimization presents advances in research within the field of mechatronic systems, which integrates reliability into the design process. Providing many detailed examples, this book develops a characterization methodology for faults in mechatronic systems. It analyzes the multi-physical modeling of faults, revealing weaknesses in design and failure mechanisms. This development of meta-models enables us to simulate effects on the reliability of conditions of use and manufacture. Provides many detailed examples Develops a characterization methodology for faults in mechatronic systems Analyzes the multi-physical modeling of faults, revealing weaknesses in design and failure mechanisms

Download or read book Embedded Mechatronic Systems Volume 2 written by Abdelkhalak El Hami and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In operation, mechatronics embedded systems are stressed by loads of different causes: climate (temperature, humidity), vibration, electrical and electromagnetic. These stresses in components induce failure mechanisms should be identified and modeled for better control. AUDACE is a collaborative project of the cluster Mov'eo that address issues specific to mechatronic reliability embedded systems. AUDACE means analyzing the causes of failure of components of mechatronic systems onboard. The goal of the project is to optimize the design of mechatronic devices by reliability. The project brings together public sector laboratories that have expertise in analysis and modeling of failure, major groups of mechatronics (Valeo and Thales) in the automotive and aerospace and small and medium enterprises that have skills in characterization and validation tests. Find and develop ways to characterize and validate the design robustness and reliability of complex mechatronic devices Develop ways to characterize physical and chemical phenomena, Identify mechanisms of failure of components of these devices, Analyze the physical and / or chemical mechanisms of failure, in order of importance To model failure mechanisms and design optimization.

Download or read book Applied Reliability for Industry 3 written by Abdelkhalak El Hami and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-05-09 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reliability and Physics of Healthy in Mechatronics written by Abdelkhalak El Hami and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-01-12 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates simply, but with many details, the state of the art of reliability science, exploring clear reliability disciplines and applications through concrete examples from their industries and from real life, based on industrial experiences. Many experts believe that reliability is not only a matter of statistics but is a multidisciplinary scientific topic, involving materials, tests, simulations, quality tools, manufacturing, electronics, mechatronics, environmental engineering and Big Data, among others. For a complex mechatronic system, failure risks have to be identified at an early stage of the design. In the automotive and aeronautic industries, fatigue simulation is used both widely and efficiently. Problems arise from the variability of inputs such as fatigue parameters and life curves. This book aims to discuss probabilistic fatigue and reliability simulation. To do this, Reliability and Physics-of-Healthy in Mechatronics provides a study on some concepts of a predictive reliability model of microelectronics, with examples from the automotive, aeronautic and space industries, based on entropy and Physics-of-Healthy

Download or read book Humidity and Electronics written by Rajan Ambat and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humidity and Electronics: Corrosion Reliability Issues and Preventive Measures provides comprehensive information on humidity related corrosion reliability issues surrounding electronics and how to tackle potential issues from a pro-active-design-prevention perspective. The book contains a mix of academic and industrial relevance, making it suitable for a detailed understanding on humidity issues on electronics, both for materials and corrosion experts and electronics and electrical experts. It will be useful for researchers, academics, and industrial personals involved in materials, corrosion, and electronics reliability aspects. Provides basic and applied knowledge surrounding corrosion in electronics Combines electronics/electrical and electrochemical aspects related to failure modes and mechanisms Presents knowledge on influencing factors and how they can be used as preventive measures at the material, component, device and system level

Download or read book 3D Microelectronic Packaging written by Yan Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-20 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a comprehensive reference for graduate students and professionals in both academia and industry on the fundamentals, processing details, and applications of 3D microelectronic packaging, an industry trend for future microelectronic packages. Chapters written by experts cover the most recent research results and industry progress in the following areas: TSV, die processing, micro bumps, direct bonding, thermal compression bonding, advanced materials, heat dissipation, thermal management, thermal mechanical modeling, quality, reliability, fault isolation, and failure analysis of 3D microelectronic packages. Numerous images, tables, and didactic schematics are included throughout. This essential volume equips readers with an in-depth understanding of all aspects of 3D packaging, including packaging architecture, processing, thermal mechanical and moisture related reliability concerns, common failures, developing areas, and future challenges, providing insights into key areas for future research and development.

Download or read book Communication in Transportation Systems written by Strobel, Otto and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Typically, communication technology breakthroughs and developments occur for the purposes of home, work, or cellular and mobile networks. Communications in transportation systems are often overlooked, yet they are equally as important. Communication in Transportation Systems brilliantly bridges theoretical knowledge and practical applications of cutting-edge technologies for communication in automotive applications. This reference source carefully covers innovative technologies which will continue to advance transportation systems. Researchers, developers, scholars, engineers, and graduate students in the transportation and automotive system, communication, electrical, and information technology fields will especially benefit from this advanced publication.