Download or read book Planets in Binary Star Systems written by Nader Haghighipour and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-03 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1988, in an article on the analysis of the measurements of the variations in the radial velocities of a number of stars, Campbell, Walker, and Yang reported an - teresting phenomenon;the radial velocity variations of Cephei seemed to suggest the existence of a Jupiter-like planet around this star. This was a very exciting and, at the same time, very surprising discovery. It was exciting because if true, it would have marked the detection of the ?rst planet outside of our solar system. It was surprising because the planet-hosting star is the primary of a binary system with a separation less than 19 AU, a distance comparable to the planetary distances in our solar system. The moderatelyclose orbit of the stellar companionof Cephei raised questions about the reality of its planet. The skepticism over the interpretation of the results (which was primarily based on the idea that binary star systems with small sepa- tions would not be favorable places for planet formation) became so strong that in a subsequent paper in 1992, Walker and his colleagues suggested that the planet in the Cephei binary might not be real, and the variations in the radial velocity of this star might have been due to its chromospheric activities.
Download or read book Habitable Planet Formation in Binary Star Systems written by Lee A. Criswell and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Planetary Habitability In Binary Systems written by Pilat-lohinger Elke and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-02-27 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Astrophysical research has led to the detection of thousands of planets outside the Solar System. About one-tenth of the extrasolar planets discovered so far reside in binary- or multi-stellar systems, and some of the closest known rocky exoplanets populate these multiple-star systems. While such environments seem good places to look for a second Earth, can Earth-like planets with two or more suns be habitable? And do solar system-like configurations have to be detected to find a habitable exo-Earth?This book addresses these questions. Starting with a brief overview of the various types of double star-planet configurations that have been observed so far, the book discusses the intriguing variety of planetary motion in such environments, taking into account the stellar type, evolution, and activity, and elaborates on how the presence of an additional stellar companion affects planet formation, system architectures and the habitability of planets in binary star systems. New methodologies developed in this area of research are explained and demonstrated for systems such as Alpha-Centauri, HD41004, Kepler-35, and many others. This monograph provides a grand entry to the exciting results that we expect from new missions like TESS, CHEOPS and Plato.
Download or read book Planets in Binary Star Systems written by Nader Haghighipour and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-05 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1988, in an article on the analysis of the measurements of the variations in the radial velocities of a number of stars, Campbell, Walker, and Yang reported an - teresting phenomenon;the radial velocity variations of Cephei seemed to suggest the existence of a Jupiter-like planet around this star. This was a very exciting and, at the same time, very surprising discovery. It was exciting because if true, it would have marked the detection of the ?rst planet outside of our solar system. It was surprising because the planet-hosting star is the primary of a binary system with a separation less than 19 AU, a distance comparable to the planetary distances in our solar system. The moderatelyclose orbit of the stellar companionof Cephei raised questions about the reality of its planet. The skepticism over the interpretation of the results (which was primarily based on the idea that binary star systems with small sepa- tions would not be favorable places for planet formation) became so strong that in a subsequent paper in 1992, Walker and his colleagues suggested that the planet in the Cephei binary might not be real, and the variations in the radial velocity of this star might have been due to its chromospheric activities.
Download or read book Planetary Habitability in Binary Systems written by Elke Pilat-Lohinger and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Planet Formation in Binary Star Systems written by Elisa V. Quintana and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Stellar Multiplicity on Exoplanetary Systems written by Steve B. Howell and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-04 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book From Protoplanetary Disks to Planet Formation written by Philip J. Armitage and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-02 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the Sun and its planetary system special? How did the Solar system form? Are there similar systems in the Galaxy? How common are habitable planets? What processes take place in the early life of stars and in their surrounding circumstellar disks that could impact whether life emerges or not? This book is based on the lectures by Philip Armitage and Wilhelm Kley presented at 45th Saas-Fee Advanced Course „From Protoplanetary Disks to Planet Formation“ of the Swiss Society for Astrophysics and Astronomy. The first part deals with the physical processes occurring in proto-planetary disks starting with the observational context, structure and evolution of the proto-planetary disk, turbulence and accretion, particle evolution and structure formation. The second part covers planet formation and disk-planet interactions. This includes in detail dust and planetesimal formation, growth to protoplanets, terrestrial planet formation, giant planet formation, migration of planets, multi-planet systems and circumbinary planets. As Saas-Fee advanced course this book offers PhD students an in-depth treatment of the topic enabling them to enter on a research project in the field.
Download or read book Binary Star Systems and Extrasolar Planets written by Matthew Ward Muterspaugh and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For ten years, planets around stars similar to the Sun have been discovered, confirmed, and their properties studied. Planets have been found in a variety of environments previously thought impossible. The results have revolutionized the way in which scientists understand planet and star formation and evolution, and provide context for the roles of the Earth and our own solar system. Over half of star systems contain more than one stellar component. Despite this, binary stars have often been avoided by programs searching for planets. Discovery of giant planets in compact binary systems would indirectly probe the timescales of planet formation, an important quantity in determining by which processes planets form. A new observing method has been developed to perform very high precision differntial astrometry on bright binary stars with separations in the range of 0.1 - 1.0 arcseconds. Typical measurement precisions over an hour of integration are on the order of 10 micro-arcseconds (as), enabling one to look for perturbations to the Keplerian orbit that would indicate the presence of additional components to the system. This method is used as the basis for a new program to find extrasolar planets. The Palomar High-precision Astrometric Search for Exoplanet Systems (PHASES) is a search for giant planets orbiting either star in 50 binary systems. The goal of this search is to detect or rule out planets in the systems observed and thus place limits on any enhancements of planet formation in binaries. It is also used to measure fundamental properties of the stars comprising the binary, such as masses and distances, useful for constraining stellar models at the 10-3 level.
Download or read book Exoplanets written by John Mason and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-29 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first collection of review articles in one volume covering the very latest developments in exoplanet research. This edited, multi-author volume will be an invaluable introduction and reference to all key aspects in the field this field. The reviews cover topics such as the properties of known exoplanets and searching for exoplanets in the stellar graveyard. The book provides an easily accessible point of reference in a fast moving and exciting field.
Download or read book Exoplanet Science Strategy written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-17 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has delivered remarkable discoveries in the study of exoplanets. Hand-in-hand with these advances, a theoretical understanding of the myriad of processes that dictate the formation and evolution of planets has matured, spurred on by the avalanche of unexpected discoveries. Appreciation of the factors that make a planet hospitable to life has grown in sophistication, as has understanding of the context for biosignatures, the remotely detectable aspects of a planet's atmosphere or surface that reveal the presence of life. Exoplanet Science Strategy highlights strategic priorities for large, coordinated efforts that will support the scientific goals of the broad exoplanet science community. This report outlines a strategic plan that will answer lingering questions through a combination of large, ambitious community-supported efforts and support for diverse, creative, community-driven investigator research.
Download or read book Planet Formation written by Wolfgang Brandner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-17 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When this book was published in 2006, it had been just over ten years since the first planet outside our solar system was detected. Since then, much work has focused on understanding how extrasolar planets may form, and discovering the frequency of potentially habitable Earth-like planets. This volume addresses fundamental questions concerning the formation of planetary systems in general, and of our solar system in particular. Drawing from advances in observational, experimental and theoretical research, it summarises our understanding of the planet formation processes, and addresses major open questions and research issues. Chapters are written by leading experts in the field of planet formation and extrasolar planet studies. The book is based on a meeting held at Ringberg Castle in Bavaria, where experts gathered together to present and exchange their ideas and findings. It is a comprehensive resource for graduate students and researchers, and is written to be accessible to newcomers to the field.
Download or read book The Biological Universe written by Wallace Arthur and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-24 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current state of play in astrobiology, including exoplanets and their atmospheres, habitable zones and the likelihood of evolution elsewhere.
Download or read book Planets in Binary Systems written by Lea Hirsch and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly half of all solar-type stars have at least one stellar or brown dwarf companion, and planets around G- and K-type stars appear to be quite common. Yet the impact of stellar multiplicity on planets, and on our understanding of planets, is not well understood. In this thesis, I describe a combination of work to study the interplay between stellar and planetary companions, using the combination of radial velocity and high-resolution imaging observations. First, planets discovered by transit surveys like the \eke Mission are sensitive to a detection and characterization bias due to stellar companions. The light of unresolved binary companions dilutes the transit of the planet, making it appear shallower than it is. This causes planet sizes in binary systems to be underestimated, and sensitivity to small planets to be overestimated. In Chapter 2, I combined multi-wavelength observations of stellar companions detected within 2 arcseconds of 170 Kepler Object of Interest hosts, to assess whether these companions were physically associated with the planet host stars. I found that stellar companions within 1" had a >80% likelihood of being bound. I used the compiled imaging observations of the bound stellar companions in this sample to determine the factor by which planet radii in these systems were underestimated. I determined that an average radius correction factor of X_R = 1.65 must be applied to planets orbiting stars with unresolved stellar companions, assuming the planets are equally likely to orbit either of the stars in a binary system. This means that planets in unresolved binary systems may have radii underestimated by an average of 65%. This effect is particularly important for Kepler stars with minimal ground-based follow-up; by performing a combination of spectroscopic and imaging observations on Kepler planet hosts, it is possible to reduce the effect of stellar companions by finding or ruling out binary companions in large regions of parameter space. Second, stellar companions likely impact the formation and evolution of planetary systems. To probe these effects, I focused on the solar neighborhood, studying sun-like stars within 25 pc using Doppler spectroscopy as well as adaptive optics and speckle imaging techniques. I built up methodology for performing joint orbital fits to combinations of radial velocity, astrometric, and photometric data by assessing the orbit of HD 159062 in Chapter 3. HD 159062 is a nearby binary system consisting of a G dwarf and a newly-discovered white dwarf companion. I determined that the white dwarf must have a mass of 0.54^{+0.09}_{-0.03} solar masses. Its combined radial velocities, astrometry, and photometry are inconsistent with it being either a brown dwarf or a main sequence star. In Chapter 4, I extended this joint orbital analysis technique to make use of imaging non-detections to place constraints on orbiting planets. In this study, we focused on the nearby adolescent K dwarf, Epsilon Eridani, whose giant planet was detected in three decades of radial velocity monitoring. Using deep M-band coronographic imaging that resulted in no detection of the planet, upper limits were placed on the mass of the giant planet. The combination of the RV data and constraints from the non-detection of the planet allowed the mass and inclination of the planet to be determined more precisely than with the RV data alone. Finally, I performed a simultaneous RV and imaging survey for both stellar and planetary companions to sun-like stars in the solar neighborhood in Chapter 5. By comparing the planet occurrence rates in binary systems to those in single star systems, we can begin to untangle the effects of stellar companions on planet formation. I found that the occurrence rate of planets with masses between 0.1 and 10 Jupiter masses and with semi-major axes between 0.1 and 10 AU is statistically equivalent in single star and binary star systems. I also determined that all known planet-hosting binary systems in the 25 pc sun-like star sample had separations wider than 100 AU. This indicates that wide binary companions do not seem to strongly impact the planet formation process, but that the planet occurrence rate in binary systems may decrease for systems with smaller binary separations.
Download or read book Astrophysics of Planet Formation written by Philip J. Armitage and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concise and self-contained, this textbook gives a graduate-level introduction to the physical processes that shape planetary systems, covering all stages of planet formation. Writing for readers with undergraduate backgrounds in physics, astronomy, and planetary science, Armitage begins with a description of the structure and evolution of protoplanetary disks, moves on to the formation of planetesimals, rocky, and giant planets, and concludes by describing the gravitational and gas dynamical evolution of planetary systems. He provides a self-contained account of the modern theory of planet formation and, for more advanced readers, carefully selected references to the research literature, noting areas where research is ongoing. The second edition has been thoroughly revised to include observational results from NASA's Kepler mission, ALMA observations and the JUNO mission to Jupiter, new theoretical ideas including pebble accretion, and an up-to-date understanding in areas such as disk evolution and planet migration.
Download or read book Planetary Motion in Binary Star Systems written by Stephen H. Dole and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Very Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs written by Rafael Rebolo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-11-27 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a state-of-the-art review of our current knowledge of brown dwarfs and very low-mass stars. The hunt for and study of these elusive objects is currently one of the most dynamic areas of research in astronomy for two reasons. Brown dwarfs bridge the gap between stars and planets, and they may constitute an important part of the 'dark matter' of the Universe. This volume presents review articles from a team of international authorities who gathered at a conference in La Palma to assess the spectacular progress that has been made in this field in the last few years.
