Download or read book Gustavus Adolphus and the Struggle for Power During the Protestant Reformation written by Charles Fletcher and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-04-18 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE period of the Reformation had produced two great changes in the history of Europe. It had revolutionised religion and it had revolutionised commerce. Both changes were the result of a previous revolution in thought. It was not so much that men had not dared to think in the Middle Ages -- many of them had, like Abelard and Wiclif, dared to attack the prevalent system -- but it was rather that men, as a whole, had not taken the trouble to think, and few indeed were the incentives to such trouble. With the invention of printing it had, however, become a great deal easier to think. Thought was, so to speak, forced upon people, who at first would gladly have avoided the trouble of it, but who soon found it a pleasure, an excitement, a moral necessity, and then, as Ulrich von H�tten said: "Men began to awake and live."The result of their awakening was that they began to desire to provide better for their bodies and better for their souls. It is rather characteristic of the end of the Middle Ages that they should have thought first of their bodies. It was all very well for Erasmus to say: "First I shall buy Greek books, and then clothes"; but, in the first place, the majority of men were not as Erasmus; and, in the second place, Erasmus did not mean what he said. But before any serious attack had been made upon the dominant form of Christianity, serious attacks had been made upon the dominant system of trade and commerce. That there was an open-sea route to the Indies had long been an idea of the Portuguese navigators, who crept stealthily along the coast of Africa year after year, in search of the Cape of Good Hope. Columbus undertook his western voyage with the same idea, and called the naked Hispaniolans, upon whom he lighted, Indians. But what he went to seek he found not. The prize fell to the Portuguese, although it was not until many wars had been fought with the natives on the coasts of Malabar that they began to reap the fruit of their adventures. About the year 1503, merchants from Lisbon began to appear in the markets at Antwerp and Bruges, offering for sale cargoes of sea-borne spices at about one tenth of the price at which the same commodity, land-borne by the old Venetian trade route from the East, had previously been offered. And why, it may be said, should a fall in spices affect the history of the world in general, and of Sweden in particular? Because spice was a prime necessary of life in the days when there were no green vegetables. And because the spice trade had become oceanic, all commerce became oceanic too. And the nations that lived upon the ocean would be the inheritors of the riches of the world. The old trade routes would be and were destroyed. The mighty organisation, which had brought the East and the West and the North, however feebly and expensively, together, whose pivot had been the Flemish towns, and whose two wings had stretched up the Mediterranean to Venice and Alexandria, and up the Baltic to Dantzic and Novgorod; -- that was to fall. And not merely to fall, but to tumble down in sudden collapse. Venice, and Bruges the Venice of the North, -- on hantoient toutes les nations �trang�res, -- soon retained but shadows of their former importance. The haughty spirit of the former, and her wars against the Turks, enabled her to disguise the fact for three centuries. But these centuries were a lingering agony...
Download or read book History of the Life of Gustavus Adolphus II written by Harriet Earhart Monroe and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Hero of the Reformation written by Loui Lalk Weinstein and published by . This book was released on 2013-10 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a new release of the original 1923 edition.
Download or read book Gustavus Adophus and the Struggle of Protestantism for Existence 1890 written by C. R. L. Fletcher and published by Kessinger Publishing. This book was released on 2009-02 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.
Download or read book Gustavus Adolphus the Hero of the Reformation written by C. A. Lacroix and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-02-24 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1871. The publishing house Anatiposi publishes historical books as reprints. Due to their age, these books may have missing pages or inferior quality. Our aim is to preserve these books and make them available to the public so that they do not get lost.
Download or read book Gustavus Adolphus and the Struggle of Protestantism for Existence written by Charles Robert Leslie Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gustavus Adolphus written by Louis David Abelous and published by . This book was released on 1871 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gustavus Adolphus in Germany and Other Lectures on the Thirty Years War Second Edition written by Richard Chenevix TRENCH (Archbishop of Dublin.) and published by . This book was released on 1872 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gustavus Adolphus in Germany and Other Lectures on the Thirty Years War written by Richard Chenevix Trench and published by . This book was released on 1872 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gustavus Adolphus written by John Stevens and published by Ozymandias Press. This book was released on 2018-03-04 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the persons whose genius, heroism and force of character influenced events, and won commanding game, in the seventeenth century, Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden is justly regarded of the first. The War of Thirty Years, a long and terrible struggle between Catholicism and Protestantism, largely influenced by the rivalry and bitter hostility between France and the House of Austria, called out the strong qualities of the Swedish king. The influence of his reign on his own country, and of his career in Germany on the prospects of Protestantism in continental Europe, will always constitute an interesting theme for historical students and readers. A military man of remarkable powers, his high moral qualities and lofty purposes forbid his standing in the category of the Alexanders, the Marlboroughs, and Napoleons. As fascinating as romance, thrilling with all that is exciting and terrible in war, his life is perused with interest and profit by those who wish to understand some of the most momentous events which have influenced the history of the modern world. The author has read and carefully considered whatever might throw light on his character and career. To this end he has studied the best Swedish, German, French and English writers on the subject, and has improved suggestive conversations with Swedish scholars and statesmen; and this volume is the result. He realizes its imperfection and inadequacy as a full statement of the genius and work of the remarkable personage it attempts to represent. But the essential facts and import of his history are presented, and to these the critical reader will be able to supply what wants in our manner of statement.
Download or read book A Hero of the Reformation written by Loui Lalk Weinstein and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gustavus Adolphus written by Charles Robert Leslie Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gustavas Adolphus written by Michael Roberts and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-10 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gustavus Adolphus (1594--1632) dominated his age: he made Sweden the leading power of Northern Europe, was the principal upholder of the Protestant cause in the Thirty Years War, and was a great administrator as well as a brilliant soldier. His toleration and reforms helped define the development of the modern state. This concise study of his career, by the doyen of modern historians of the North, appeared in 1973. Long unavailable but now revised, expanded, updated and reset, it makes a welcome return in Profiles in Power.
Download or read book Gustavus Adolphus and the Struggle of Protestantism for Existence written by C. r. l. Fletcher and published by Literary Licensing, LLC. This book was released on 2014-03 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Is A New Release Of The Original 1890 Edition.
Download or read book The Life of Gustavus Adolphus written by L. W. Heydenreich and published by . This book was released on 1868 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gustavus Adolphus and the Struggle of Protestantism for Existence written by Charles R. L. Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gustavus Adolphus and the struggle of Protestantism for existence written by Charles Robert Leslie Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
