Download or read book Guidelines for Nighttime Visibility of Overhead Signs written by Paul John Carlson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1. Introduction -- chapter 2. Background -- chapter 3. Closed-course study -- chapter 4. Open-Road study -- chapter 5. Research findings -- References -- appendix A. Incremental effects of light sources and sign sheeting on legend luminance for overhead guide signs -- appendix B. Assessment of background complexity using digital images of roadway scenes by image processing -- appendix C. Open-road study details -- appendix D. Guidelines for Nighttime overhead sign visibility.
Download or read book Night Visibility of Overhead Guide Signs a Review of the Literature Final Report written by Donald A. Gordon and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Night Visibility of Overhead Guide Signs written by Donald A. Gordon and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers adequacy of proposed guidelines which will eliminate illumination and the use of reflective sign backgrounds in highway guide signs.
Download or read book Guidelines for Nighttime Visibility of Overhead Signs written by Paul John Carlson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1. Introduction -- chapter 2. Background -- chapter 3. Closed-course study -- chapter 4. Open-Road study -- chapter 5. Research findings -- References -- appendix A. Incremental effects of light sources and sign sheeting on legend luminance for overhead guide signs -- appendix B. Assessment of background complexity using digital images of roadway scenes by image processing -- appendix C. Open-road study details -- appendix D. Guidelines for Nighttime overhead sign visibility.
Download or read book Overhead Guide Sign Retroreflectivity and Illumination written by Mohammed Obeidat and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Roadway guide sign visibility during darkness is fundamental to driver safety, especially elderly drivers. Guide sign visibility can be improved by external sign illumination or the use of retroreflective sheeting on signs. Because energy conservation is essential in the midst of a worldwide energy crisis, various Departments of Transportation have investigated usage of energy-efficient lighting technology with overhead guide signs. This report presents results of a survey related to overhead sign lighting usability by states, a laboratory experiment to compare the light distribution of five light sources used to illuminate overhead guide sign by several states, a cost analysis for the tested light sources, a field experiment to compare the visibility of three retroreflective sheeting used by states, a cost analysis for the tested retroreflective guide signs, and an analysis by determining the most cost-effective method of increasing overhead guide sign visibility to drivers during nighttime. A laboratory experiment was conducted to compare the light distribution of three conventional light sources: Metal Halide, Mercury Vapor, and High Pressure Sodium, and two new generation light sources: Induction lighting, and Light Emitting Diode. Combining two decision criteria, the light distribution and the cost, resulted in finding the Induction lighting to be the recommended light source for those states that want to continue illuminating their overhead guide signs. A field experiment was conducted to compare three types of sign sheeting, Engineering Grade (type I), Diamond Grade (type XI), and High Intensity (type IV), in order to determine the sign sheeting material that best improves sign visibility. Combining the decision criteria to compare these three retroreflective sheeting, the visibility and the cost, High Intensity (type IV) is the recommended sign to be used by DOTs, followed by Diamond Grade (type XI). In comparing the best options used to increase sign visibility, sign illumination and sign retroreflectivity, it is found that using retroreflective sheeting is more cost effective than sign illuminating.
Download or read book Overhead Guide Sign Visibility Factors written by Anthony C. Stein and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The project discussed in this report concerned the night use of overhead guide signs, including button and reflectorized copy and all practical combinations of reflectorized and opaque backgrounds. This project was a follow up effort to the literature review by Gordon. Gordon's review found areas requiring further investigation, including the comparison of nonilluminated nonretroreflectorized signs with both illuminated nonretroreflectorized and retroreflectorized signs.
Download or read book Night Visibility of Overhead Guide Signs a Reviewof the Literature Pb85 203 305 written by Donald A. Gordon and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Roadside Design Guide written by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Task Force for Roadside Safety and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ensuring That Traffic Signs Are Visible at Night written by David R. Peterman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides background for the nighttime visibility maintenance standard and addresses some of the issues that have been raised about this standard.
Download or read book Roadway Lighting Design Guide written by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials and published by AASHTO. This book was released on 2005 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide replaces the 1984 publication entitled An Informational Guide for Roadway Lighting. It has been revised and brought up to date to reflect current practices in roadway lighting. The guide provides a general overview of lighting systems from the point of view of the transportation departments and recommends minimum levels of quality. The guide incorporates the illuminance and luminance design methods, but does not include the small target visibility (STV) method.
Download or read book Establishing Priorities for Operation and Maintenance of Overhead Guide Signs written by California. Department of Transportation. Overhead Guide Sign Review Team and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Retroreflectivity of Roadway Signs for Adequate Visibility written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual deals with the reflectivity of traffic signs. It interprets and explains the specifications and test procedures in the standard specifications for construction of roads and bridges on federal highway projects (fp-85) dealing with retroreflective sheeting and related matters and provides guidance where appropriate. Topics covered include: 1) principles of retroreflection and characteristics of sign reflective sheeting. 2) Considerations in selecting different sheeting types. 3) Fp-85 specifications and test procedures. 4) Sign fabrication. 5) Handling, stockpiling, and installing. 6) Inventory, inspection, and replacement. 7) Maintenance.
Download or read book Freeway Guide Sign Replacement written by Hugh W. McGee and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1991 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This synthesis will be of interest to traffic engineers, planners, and others interested in making sure that motorists' needs for directional information on freeways are being met. Information is provided on policies and procedures used by states in evaluating freeway guide signs and replacing those that are outdated or deteriorated. Many signs on freeways and other controlled-access highways have exceeded their service life and are no longer serving motorists' needs. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the policies, proceduress, and criteria used by states for freeway sign evaluation and replacement programs.
Download or read book Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems written by John L. Campbell and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2012 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report completes and updates the first edition of NCHRP Report 600: Human Factors Guidelines for Road Systems (HFG), which was published previously in three collections. The HFG contains guidelines that provide human factors principles and findings for consideration by, and is a resource document for, highway designers, traffic engineers, and other safety practitioners."--Foreword.
Download or read book Guidelines for Design and Operation of Nighttime Traffic Control for Highway Maintenance and Construction written by James E. Bryden and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2002 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federally Coordinated Program of Highway Research Development and Technology Annual Progress Report Fiscal Year 1985 written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Federally Coordinated Program of Highway Research Development and Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
