Download or read book Guidelines for Assessing the Utility of Data from Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission PMTCT Programmes for HIV Sentinel Surveillance Among Pregnant Women written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6 written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

Download or read book Measuring the Utility of Surveillance Data for Monitoring the HIV written by Kimberly Marsh and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1980s in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), substantial human and financial resources have been dedicated to monitoring the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Throughout, surveillance data collected at antenatal care (ANC) clinics have been a key data source. ANC surveillance data are well-known to be biased when quantifying population HIV prevalence levels in SSA. Nonetheless, a routinely-accepted, although rarely-tested assumption has been that the data are representative of population-level HIV prevalence trends. More recently, HIV testing data from prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programmes have been proposed as a substitute for ANC surveillance, although these data can be subject to temporal biases too. The primary objective of this thesis is to add to the limited evidence regarding the representativeness of HIV testing data from pregnant women to monitor population-level HIV prevalence trends. Empirical analyses from repeated household-based population surveys and ANC surveillance were done for seven countries in SSA from 2000 to 2010 and among youth aged 15 to 24 years in Manicaland, Zimbabwe from 1985 to 2003. Also, a mathematical model was used to explore temporal bias in ANC surveillance trends in epidemics similar to those in Botswana, Cote d'lvoire and rural Zimbabwe from 1985 to 2030. Finally, PMTCT programme data were assessed for their representativeness as compared to ANC surveillance data in Manicaland, Zimbabwe from 2006 to 2008. Results showed the representativeness of ANC surveillance data to vary by time period and setting, although trends among youth were more robust than those among adults aged 15 to 49 years across settings, and particularly so among men. Representativeness in the ART-era depends on coverage and scale-up, the setting, and the potential for changing fertility patterns among ART users. PMTCT data for surveillance purposes was of limited use in Manicaland, Zimbabwe from 2006 to 2008. In summary, caution is needed when using HIV testing data from pregnant women to monitor population HIV prevalence trends in SSA.

Download or read book Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly.

Download or read book Report on the Assessment of the Utility of PMTCT Data for HIV Sentinel Surveillance Among Pregnant Women 2012 written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Protection of Mother to Child Transmission of Hiv written by Leonard Kabongo and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-09-19 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2011 in the subject Health - Public Health, grade: B, ( Atlantic International University ) (Social and Human studies), course: Master of Public Health, language: English, abstract: Limited information exists currently on factors associated with ''virtual elimination of paediatric HIV'' in resource constrained settings since the publication of new PMTCT guidelines by the WHO in 2010. In this study, we aimed to assess predictors of unfavourable infant clinical outcomes (Mortality and HIV infection) at 2 years follow-up in PMTCT program. Using data collected from registers (PMTCT and ANC) at Sichili Mission Hospital, 151 women were enrolled in the program from 2008 to 2010 and 80 of them fulfilled the inclusion criteria. An in-depth interview with HIV positive women was conducted using structured questionnaires. Factors associated with ''virtual elimination of paediatric HIV'' were determined by multivariable regression analysis models. At 2 years follow-up, 8 (10%) children died 47(87%) were HIV negative and 7(13%) were HIV positive on HAART. Socio-demographic factors age and education level were correlated with poor infant outcomes in PMTCT program (Pearson coefficient correlation1). Socio-demographic factors, PMTCT specific indicators and infant's variables are potential determinants to successful attainment of ''Virtual elimination of paediatric HIV by 2015''. KEY WORDS: PMTCT, Virtual Elimination of Paediatric HIV, Sichili Mission Hospital, Socio-demographic variables, infant outcomes, Zambia.

Download or read book Global AIDS Monitoring 2019 written by United Nations Publications and published by UN. This book was released on 2019-04-17 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this document is to provide guidance to national AIDS programmes and partners on the use of indicators to measure and report on the country response. The 2016 United Nations Political Declaration on Ending AIDS, adopted at the United Nations General Assembly High-Level Meeting on AIDS in June 2016, mandated UNAIDS to support countries in reporting on the commitments in the Political Declaration. The Political Declaration on Ending AIDS built on three previous political declarations: the 2001 Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS, the 2006 Political Declaration on HIV/AIDS and the 2011 Political Declaration on HIV and AIDS.

Download or read book Public Health Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Guidelines for the Prevention of Mother to child Transmission of HIV written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The booklet provide guidelines for the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV.

Download or read book Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Prevention of Mother To Child Transmission Program written by Ronald Kimambo and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Ethiopian by 2008 there were estimated 36,000 HIV positive pregnant women but only 18% were receiving ARVs. A process evaluation was conducted to the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) program in a selected health facility (Agaro Health Centre) on the South West of Ethiopia. A case study with both quantitative and qualitative methods was used. It was found that generally the PMTCT program implementation was complying with the Ethiopian national guidelines; there was sufficient number of trained human resource, counseling sessions, ARVs and safe delivery practices. About 60% of respondents showed to be satisfied by the time spent to see the provider and total time spent for services provision. Additionally 96% of respondents said that they received their HIV test results within one hour. However there were shortcomings such as; stock out of test kits and reagents, laboratory materials and opportunistic infection drugs. Also clients complained about the delays found in the card room. There was a need to ensure privacy of counseling rooms, availability of materials, supplies, training, and counselors should record provided services for monitoring and evaluation.

Download or read book National Guidelines Prevention of Mother to child HIV AIDS Transmission PMCT written by Kenya and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Prevention of Mother to Child HIV Transmission written by Tyler Elizabeth Martz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the availability of highly efficacious antiretroviral drug regimens for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT), transmission rates remain higher than those achieved in clinical trials. Access to these efficacious drug regimens continues to expand rapidly in countries most affected by HIV. Such expansion is an important first step in dramatically reducing mother-to-child HIV transmission rates. However, beyond access to drug regimens, programs must also identify and address individual and structural factors impeding the utilization of and adherence to PMTCT services by the women they are designed to serve. Additional research into factors both positively or negatively associated with PMTCT service utilization could help improve PMTCT programs to further reduce transmission rates. Each of the three papers included in this dissertation examined different factors of PMTCT service utilization. The first two papers analyze secondary data from a large-scale impact evaluation of Zimbabwe’s PMTCT program. Specifically, the first paper explores the association between costs (service costs, travel time, and transportation costs) and utilization of all recommended PMTCT services. The second paper explores the relationship between the timing of a pregnant woman’s HIV-positive diagnosis, either prior to pregnancy or during antenatal care, and her utilization of PMTCT services. The hypotheses was that women who were diagnosed prior to pregnancy, having had more time to cope with their diagnosis, would complete more of the recommended PMTCT services. The final paper utilizes policy analysis methodology to examine two different implementation strategies Malawi could consider to improve lifelong adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among women living with HIV who initiate treatment during pregnancy or breastfeeding. The two strategies proposed were: 1) for all pregnant/breastfeeding women to initiate and indefinitely receive treatment at maternal and child health clinics rather than be transferred to an ART specialty clinic, and 2) to expand access to lifelong ART, regardless of stage of disease, to any individual living with HIV in the pregnant/breastfeeding woman’s household.

Download or read book National Guidelines Prevention of Mother to child Transmission of HIV in Nepal written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Prevention of Mother to child Transmission of HIV PMTCT MS written by National AIDS Control Programme (Tanzania) and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With increased attention and support, many countries are expanding to national PMTCT programs. As services are expanded, it is critical to establish national systems for PMTCT program monitoring. Such systems will involve similar data collection, analysis and reporting requirements across countries. The PMTCT-MS is a national facility-based monitoring system. The PMTCT-MS is reference system and package of tools adaptable to local needs. It was designed to facilitate easier and faster systems development and implementation. The PMTCT-MS was developed by Global AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (GAP/CDC) and is modeled on the highly successful Perinatal HIV Monitoring Implementation System developed by the Ministry of Public Health and CDC in Thailand, the first national PMTCT monitoring system in the world.

Download or read book HIV in China written by Jing Jun and published by UNSW Press. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The result of collaboration between the University of New South Wales and the Tsinghua University in Beijing, this unique chronicle maps some of the most important social, political, and cultural characteristics of the HIV epidemic in China. Demonstrating that the epidemic was propelled by three main economic drivers--the blood trade, the drug trade, and the sex trade--this informative compilation of essays uncovers the hidden truths about the spread of HIV and analyzes its social impacts.

Download or read book The Global HIV Epidemics among Sex Workers written by Deanna Kerrigan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-12-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A global economic analysis of HIV infection amongst sex workers, finding that evidence based and rights affirming interventions are not implemented to the level that their efficacy warrants, and that doing so at scale would be cost effective and deliver significant returns on investment.