Download or read book Guidance on Mitigation Strategies Against Laser Illumination Effects written by G10-OL Operational Laser Committee and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is intended to give guidance to users, regulators and persons in the aviation field who may be affected by the potential visual interference effects of lasers aimed at aircraft by the general public. The potential effects include startle (distraction, disruption, disorientation, and operational incapacitation), glare, and flashblindness. This document provides mitigation strategies against such effects, including operational procedures, pilot education, and the use of Laser Glare Protection.Prevention of harm from laser eye injuries is discussed but is not a focus of this document, due to the extremely low likelihood of injurious levels of laser light in typical aircraft illumination scenarios.Devices for detecting and reporting hazardous laser illuminations are briefly described in Appendix D, but are not a focus of this document.Some information in this document may also be useful for non-aviation users, such as persons driving vehicles. Additional information can be found in ANSI Z136.6, "Safe Use of Lasers Outdoors". The greatest single bright-light concern in aviation today is portable hand-held lasers misused by the general public. Bright laser light aimed at the aircraft during night and dim conditions can interfere with pilots' vision. There is also a small but finite possibility of laser light causing an injury to pilots' eyes.This document provides information about (1) operational considerations, (2) education and training, and (3) whether and how to mitigate these effects using Laser Glare Protection (LGP). In addition, a brief description of devices to locate and report laser illuminations is given in Appendix D.Stakeholders include: Pilots and aircrews, aircraft operators, public safety managers such as police and medical officials, and the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
Download or read book Reporting Guide for Laser Light Shows and Displays 21 CFR 1002 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Control Measures for Laser Safety in the Navigable Airspace written by G10T Laser Safety Hazards Committee and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides information and guidance for the control of hazardous laser energy in the navigable airspace.This ARP does not address techniqies that pilots can apply to mitigate laser illuminations during a critical phase of flight. Such mitigation strategies are described in ARP6378. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) submitted a written request to SAE for assistance in developing standards and regulations concerning outdoor laser operations. This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) document provides guidance for control measures to be used optimally during operations of a laser system outdoors in the navigable airspace. It also recommends the control measure requirements for different outdoor laser systems.
Download or read book Criteria for Laser Control Measures for Aviation Safety written by G10T Laser Safety Hazards Committee and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document provides requirements and guidance for laser proponents and aviation authorities to determine the criteria that laser hazard control measures shall meet for the operation of an outdoor laser system in navigable airspace. This document has been developed to be used for a wide range of outdoor laser hazard control measures from completely manual systems to those with various levels of automation.This document applies to laser propagation which may expose persons in navigable airspace to laser energy above the applicable maximum permissible exposure limit or which emits visible light in excess of the visual interference limits in the applicable Laser-Free, Critical, and Sensitive Hazard Zones.The document does not cover systems intended to deliberately aim and or track lasers at aircraft, such as Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approved purposes, including visual warning systems, search and rescue, etc. Additionally, laser-affected airspace above 60000 feet mean sea level (MSL) is outside the scope of the performance criteria contained herein. Proponents are responsible for implementing appropriate laser control measures to prevent hazardous aircraft illuminations and ensure aviation safety. The AS6029 standard was developed to establish criteria and guidance to aid proponents and aviation officials for developing and evaluating laser control measures to prevent hazardous exposure in navigable airspace. This standard also provides a framework for proponents pursuing a Letter of Non-Objection from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).As laser control measures are being designed with increasing levels of automation, a need was identified to revise the AS6029 standard. Revision B provides updated criteria and guidance that considers laser control measures with varying levels of automation.
Download or read book Guide to Laser Safety written by A. Roy Henderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-02-28 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a practical guide to the safe use of lasers in science, education, industry, telecommunications, entertainment and medicine. Henderson explains the nature of laser hazards and how to implement safety controls to international standards.
Download or read book Laser Safety Management written by Ken Barat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An effective laser safety program can mean big savings in time, money, effort, and most importantly, human well-being. It can improve the quality of your research program, your organization's reputation, and ultimately, improve your bottom line. Based on the extensive experience of active Laser Safety Officer Kenneth Barat, Laser Safety Management provides practical tools for successfully implementing a laser safety program in any environment. The book defines the three elements of laser safety: users, the laser safety officer, and incidental personnel. It covers the types of laser injuries, standard operating procedures to ensure safety, tips and tools to avoid pitfalls, training, control measures, and personal protection equipment. The author explores the laser safety officer position and delineates the required elements of effective SOPs. He also discusses non-beam hazards, includes practical control examples and sample forms, and covers U.S. and European regulations and standards. Taking a pedagogical approach, the book covers not only how to avoid accidents, but how to investigate them if they do occur. It includes a sample safety program designed to evaluate your current safety plan and act as a roadmap for where you need to be and how to get there. Filled with common sense solutions for laser safety issues, the book makes setting up a safety program practically painless.
Download or read book Safety Guidelines for Laser Illumination on Exposed High Explosives and Metals in Contact with High Explosives with Calculational Results written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental tests have been undertaken to determine safe levels of laser exposure on bare high explosive (HE) samples and on common metals used in intimate contact with HE. Laser light is often focused on bare HE and upon metals in contact with HE during alignment procedures and experimental metrology experiments. This paper looks at effects caused by focusing laser beams at high energy densities directly onto the surface of various bare HE samples. Laser energy densities (fluence) exceeding 19 kilowatts/cm2 using a 5-milliwatt, 670 nm, cw laser diode were generated by focusing the laser down to a spot size diameter of 4 microns. Upon careful inspection, no laser damage was observed in any of the HE samples illuminated at this fluence level. Direct laser exposure of metals directly contacting HE surfaces was also tested. Laser energy densities (fluence) varying from 188 Watts/cm2 to 12.7 KW/cm2 were generated using an 11-Watt, 532 nm frequency-doubled Nd:YAG cw laser with focal spot size diameters as small as 100 microns. These measurements look at the temperature rise of the surface of the metal in contact with HE when laser energy is incident on the opposite side of the metal. The temperature rise was experimentally measured as a function of incident laser power, spot size, metal composition and metal thickness. Numerical simulations were also performed to solve the two-dimensional heat flow problem for this experimental geometry. In order to simplify the numerical simulation to allow representation of a large number of physical cases, the equations used in the simulation are expressed in terms of dimensionless variables. The normalized numerical solutions are then compared to the various experimental configurations utilized. Calculations and experiment agree well over the range measured. Safety guidelines for alignment laser illumination upon bare HE are outlined.
Download or read book LIA Guide to Medical Laser Safety written by Stephen L. Trokel and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Review of Recent Laser Illumination Events in the Aviation Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance Criteria for Laser Control Measures Used for Aviation Safety written by G10T Laser Safety Hazards Committee and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document provides guidance for laser operators and aviation authorities to determine the performance criteria that laser hazard control measures shall meet for the operation of an outdoor laser system in navigable airspace. The document does not cover systems intended to deliberately aim and or track lasers at aircraft except for FAA approved purposes, such as visual warning systems, search and rescue, etc.Aircraft operations to be protected include all types that can be reasonably expected to operate in the affected area, which are traveling at speeds and altitudes defined in the Performance/Functional Requirements section. This document does not address all possible aircraft operations, (e.g. the operation of stealth, high-speed (> Mach 1), unmanned aircraft systems, aircraft above 60 000 feet MSL, etc.), including aircraft operating under a waiver from FAA regulations. Depending on the laser system's location and operational characteristics, the proponent may be required to coordinate with local military facilities and with the USAF Space Command. The military may request additional requirements (such as limitations on lasing hours or locations), or they may take actions to avoid the laser location. Operators of lasers outdoors must show that the laser hazard control measures used to prevent aircraft illuminations are adequate in order to ensure aviation safety and receive a letter of non-objection from the FAA. Historically, control measures have included the use of safety observers to monitor for aircraft and, in many applications, the use of safety observers is an effective control measure. In other situations, the use of alternate control measures may provide additional safety and may be more cost effective.For example, the use of safety observers can be expensive and, in remote and environmentally challenging locations, it can be difficult to find and retain enough qualified people willing to do this type of work. The cost for safety observers to support 140 full nights of laser operations per year at W. M. Keck Observatory on Mauna Kea, Hawaii is about $300,000, and the site is several miles away from cities and towns. With the addition of 3 other facilities on Mauna Kea that will routinely use lasers in their operations, the total cost for safety observers may be over $1,000,000/year and the number of safety observers needed may exceed the supply in the local population.In addition to cost considerations, the effectiveness of safety observers in spotting aircraft is limited relative to the hazard distances of some lasers. To address the provision of safety at these distances, additional means to detect aircraft are needed to supplement or to replace the safety observer.
Download or read book Mitigation of Cancer Therapy Side Effects with Light written by Raj Nair and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Light' from low level laser therapy, through a process called photobiomodulation (PBM), has been in existence in supportive care in cancer, in particular in the management of oral mucositis (OM) in patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiation therapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this book the authors attempt to portray the current status of the supportive care interventions that are possible with PBM using low level laser therapy (LLLT) in patients undergoing cancer treatment for solid tumours, harmatological malignancies, and head and neck cancers.
Download or read book Advances in high power lasers for interdisciplinary applications written by Shuo Liu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-05 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific advances over the past several decades have accelerated the ability to engineer existing organisms and to potentially create novel ones not found in nature. Synthetic biology, which collectively refers to concepts, approaches, and tools that enable the modification or creation of biological organisms, is being pursued overwhelmingly for beneficial purposes ranging from reducing the burden of disease to improving agricultural yields to remediating pollution. Although the contributions synthetic biology can make in these and other areas hold great promise, it is also possible to imagine malicious uses that could threaten U.S. citizens and military personnel. Making informed decisions about how to address such concerns requires a realistic assessment of the capabilities that could be misused. Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology explores and envisions potential misuses of synthetic biology. This report develops a framework to guide an assessment of the security concerns related to advances in synthetic biology, assesses the levels of concern warranted for such advances, and identifies options that could help mitigate those concerns.
Download or read book ANSI Z136 1 Safe Use of Lasers 2014 written by American National Standard and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-01 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ANSI Z136.1 is a parent document and cornerstone of the Z136 series of laser safety standards, the Z136.1 is the foundation of laser safety programs for industrial, military, medical, and educational applications nationwide. Z136.1 provides guidance for the safe use of lasers and laser systems by defining control measures for each of seven laser hazard classifications. A practical means for accomplishing this is to (1) classify lasers and laser systems according to their relative hazards and to (2) specify appropriate controls for each classification Once a laser or laser system is properly classified, there should be no need to carry out tedious measurements or calculations to meet the provisions of this standard. However, technical information on measurements, calculations and biological effects is also provided within the standard and its appendixes.
Download or read book Gravel Roads written by Ken Skorseth and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this manual is to provide clear and helpful information for maintaining gravel roads. Very little technical help is available to small agencies that are responsible for managing these roads. Gravel road maintenance has traditionally been "more of an art than a science" and very few formal standards exist. This manual contains guidelines to help answer the questions that arise concerning gravel road maintenance such as: What is enough surface crown? What is too much? What causes corrugation? The information is as nontechnical as possible without sacrificing clear guidelines and instructions on how to do the job right.
Download or read book Target in the loop Atmospheric Tracking Imaging and Compensation written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sandia National Laboratories New Mexico written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
