Download or read book Growth Performance Nutrient Digestibility Organ Mass and Whole body Oxygen Consumption in Growing Pigs Fed Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles DDGS containing Diets Supplemented with a Multicarbohydrase Enzyme written by Atta Kofi Agyekum and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance -- Nutrient digestibility -- DDGS -- Portal-drained viscera -- Pigs.

Download or read book Growth Performance Nutrient Digestibility Organ Mass and Whole body Oxygen Consumption in Growing Pigs Fed Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles DDGS containing Diets Supplemented with a Multicarbohydrase Enzyme written by Atta K. Agyekum and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Influence of Feeding Diets Containing Corn Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles DDGS to Grower finisher Pigs on Growth Performance Carcass and Pork Quality written by Guowu Xu and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Low Medium and High oil Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles DDGS on Growth Performance Nutrient Digestibility and Fat Quality in Finishing Pigs written by Amanda Brooke Graham and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three experiments used 1,756 pigs to evaluate the effects of corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) varying in oil content on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and fat quality in growing-finishing pigs. A fourth experiment used 12 pigs and determined the energy concentration and nutrient digestibility of the DDGS sources used in the previous 3 growth studies. Lastly, a fifth experiment used 576 pigs to determine the effects of DDGS and wheat middlings (midds) withdrawal 24 d before harvest in diets without or with ractopamine HCl (RAC) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, fat quality, and organ/intestine weights. Experiment 1 determined that increasing 7.4% oil DDGS decreased (linear, P

Download or read book Nutrient Absorption and Energy Expenditure in Growing Pigs Fed High fiber Diets Supplemented with Enzymes written by Atta Kofi Agyekum and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiber-rich (HF) diets are typically supplemented with enzymes to improve their nutritive value and to offset their negative effects on pig growth. However, studies on enzyme effect in pigs have yielded inconsistent results on nutrient digestibility and growth. Although the inconsistencies observed could be explained by differences in substrate and experimental conditions and enzyme characteristics among studies, how enzymes influence metabolic and physiological responses in pigs is still not clear. Therefore, three experiments were conducted, using 3 dietary treatments (control, HF and HF diet supplemented with enzymes), to elucidate the effects of supplementing an HF diet with enzymes in growing pigs. Experiment one investigated HF and enzyme supplementation on energy and nutrient digestibility, digesta volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, and gut microbial profile in pigs. Compared with the HF diet, enzymes improved dry matter, starch, energy and some amino acid (AA), but not nitrogen digestibility. Further, the enzymes stimulated the growth of gut bacterial groups, which have xylanolytic and cellulolytic properties in the HF-fed pigs, but enzymes did not influence digesta VFA concentration or fiber fermentation. Experiment 2 evaluated the effects of enzyme supplementation on growth performance, glucose uptake in jejunum tissue samples mounted in Ussing chambers, and intestinal nutrient transporter mRNA levels in pigs. Diet had no effect on feed intake and jejunal glucose uptake. The enzymes influenced nutrient transporter mRNA levels but did not improve pig growth rate and feed efficiency relative to the HF diet. The third experiment investigated the effect of supplementing the HF diet with enzymes on postprandial portal vein-drained viscera (PDV) nutrient fluxes and energy expenditure (measured as O2 consumption) by the PDV and whole-animal in pigs. Diet had no effect on energy expenditure. The HF diet reduced portal glucose, VFA and essential AA absorption and insulin production. Enzyme supplementation improved portal glucose and VFA absorption, but not essential AA absorption and insulin production. Overall, improvements in nutrient utilization due to enzyme supplementation did not improve the growth rate of pigs, which appears to be due to the lack of enzyme effect on essential AA and energy use by the PDV and insulin production.

Download or read book Digestibility of Energy and Nutrients in Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles Fed to Growing Pigs written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Pig Body Weight Variation Amino Acid Levels and Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles on Pig Performance written by Andres Fernando Tolosa Russi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 3 chapters of this thesis involve 1) a meta-analysis of pig body weight (BW) variation from birth to market, 2) a study evaluating reducing digestible lysine (Lys) and tryptophan to lysine ratio (Trp:Lys) in the diet for pigs as a nutritional strategy to slow down pig growth due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and 3) a study evaluating growth performance of pigs fed a diet with or without distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) with increased digestible threonine (Thr). Chapter 1 describes a meta-analysis of the literature to develop prediction equations for coefficient of variation (CV) and standard deviation (SD) as a function of pig BW from birth to market. The results indicate that there is a quadratic decreasing relationship between the CV of the population and pig BW, where the slope of decrease becomes smaller as mean pig BW increases from birth to market. A quadratic increase for the relationship is also observed for SD, in which the slop becomes smaller as pig mean BW increases from birth to market. Chapter 2 describes an experiment that aimed to slow-down pig growth during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to processing plant shutdowns, by decreasing standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys and SID Trp:Lys ratio in the diet. The results of this study indicate that reducing SID Lys from 100 to 80% of the pigs' requirement and formulating diets with 16% SID Trp:Lys during the grow-finish period decreased growth performance and feed efficiency, and consequently, final BW was reduced by 8.6 and 11.7 kg after 119 days of consuming the reduced SID Lys or SID Trp:Lys diet, respectively. Chapter 3 utilized 2,160 pigs to determine if increasing SID Thr:Lys in the diet is needed to optimize the growth performance of grow-finish pigs when DDGS is also included in the diet. The results indicate that pigs fed a diet with DDGS had reduced growth performance regardless of the level of digestible Thr in the diet. This study used DDGS, which is a source of insoluble fiber, therefore, different results may occur if a soluble fiber source is provided.

Download or read book Nutritional Strategies to Improve Gastro intestinal Health in Swine written by Mark Howard Whitney and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Dietary Enzymes Or Specialty Proteins on Nursery Pig Performance written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eight experiments used 1,712 pigs to determine influences of dietary enzymes or specialty proteins on nursery pig performance. Experiments 1 and 2 evaluated the effects of fish meal, fermented soybean meal, or dried porcine solubles on performance. Experiment 1 showed pigs fed dried porcine solubles had improved (P = 0.01) ADG and G:F compared to pigs fed the control diet, and improved (P = 0.03) G:F compared to pigs fed the combination of fermented soybean meal and fish meal. Experiment 2 showed pigs fed increasing fermented soybean meal had improved (quadratic, P = 0.03) G:F. Experiments 3 and 4 evaluated the effects of commercial enzyme addition to diets containing dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on performance. In experiment 3, neither DDGS nor enzyme addition influenced (P> 0.10) ADG and G:F. Experiment 4 found there were no (P> 0.32) enzyme x DDGS source interactions. Corn DDGS did not influence pig performance (P> 0.36). Sorghum DDGS reduced (P = 0.003) G:F, with no difference between sorghum DDGS sources. Adding enzymes to 30% DDGS diets did not improve (P> 0.57) performance. Experiments 5 and 6 evaluated the effects of fish meal (SMFM), spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP), or peptone on performance. In Experiment 5, different specialty proteins had similar (P> 0.10) ADG, ADFI, or G:F. Experiment 6 showed pigs fed 4% Peptone 2 during phase 1 and 2% Peptone 2 during phase 2 had improved (P

Download or read book The Effects of Fumonisin and High Protein Dried Distillers Grain on Pig Growth Performance written by Zhong-Xing Rao and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiment 1 used a total of 350 pigs to determine the effects of increasing fumonisin concentration from 7.2 to 35.1 mg/kg on nursery pig growth performance and serum sphinganine (SA) to sphingosine (SO) ratio. Experiments 2 and 3 used a total of 650 pigs to determine the efficacy of various commercial products on growth performance and serum SA:SO ratios of nursery pigs fed high fumonisin diets. Experiment 4 used a total of 1,890 pigs to determine the effects of pigs fed diets with high-protein dried distillers grains (HPDDG) or conventional dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Experiment 1 determined that increasing fumonisin concentration linearly reduced growth performance and final BW, and linearly increased serum SA:SO ratios. These results demonstrate that for 20- to 60-lb nursery pigs, diets containing greater than 32.7 mg/kg of fumonisin should be avoided, as increasing fumonisin concentration worsens growth performance and serum SA:SO ratio. In Exp. 2 and 3, growth performance and serum SA:SO ratios were improved in pigs fed high fumonisin diet with Biofix Select Pro, but not with Kallsil Dry or Feed Aid Wide Spectrum. The improvement in serum SA:SO ratios with Biofix Select Pro was only found in pigs fed 30 mg/kg of fumonisin (Exp. 3), but not 60 mg/kg (Exp. 2). In Exp. 4, there were no differences observed in ADG between pigs fed either DDG sources. Increasing either conventional DDGS or HPDDG decreased carcass yield and HCW; however, there were no differences between pigs fed HPDDG or conventional DDGS. Iodine value (IV) increased with increasing either DDG sources, and was greater in pigs fed HPDDG than conventional DDGS, which was probably due to the difference in oil content.

Download or read book Evaluation of the Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Corn distillers Dried Grains By products on the Growth Performance Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics of Pigs written by Alvaro Rojo Gomez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of corn byproducts high-protein died distillers grain (HP-DDG), and dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS), and branched chain amino acids (BCAA) on the growth performance and meat quality of pigs. The first study evaluated the combined effect of dietary level of DDGS and HP-DDG on the growth performance of wean-finish pigs and carcass and pork quality characteristics. This study demonstrated that DDGS can be included at up to 30% in diets (without HP-DDG) without compromising growth performance of wean-to-finish pigs. However, growth performance was increasingly compromised at higher inclusion levels of both co-products and belly firmness was negatively affected by increasing levels of both DDGS and HP-DDG. A second experiment was designed to define the minimum CP level and whether non-essential amino acids become limiting in low crude protein diets for late finishing pigs. The results of this study demonstrated that late finishing pigs can be fed diets with 9.76% crude protein level supplemented with 0.32 % L-Lys HCL and other essential amino acids without affecting growth rate and that non-essential amino acids were not limiting in the low crude protein diets evaluated. A third study was designed to recreate the negative effects on growth performance of feeding diets with 30% HP-DDG inclusion level and to test if the negative effect of feeding high HP-DDG levels on growth performance can be reproduced by adding excess branched chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) to standard corn-soybean meal based diet. The results show that the reduction in the growth rates of growing pigs fed diets with 30% HP-DDG inclusion levels may be due to the dietary excesses of leucine present in diets with HP-DDG at 30% inclusion levels. The same effect was not present in finishing pigs. In general, growth performance and belly quality are compromised at higher inclusion levels of both HP-DDG and DDGS. The results of the last studies indicate that leucine level may play an important role on the reduction of the growth performance of pigs fed 30% HP-DDG inclusion levels.

Download or read book Digestibility of Dietary Fiber by Growing Pigs written by Pedro E. Urriola and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: In vivo digestibility and in vitro digestibility experiments were used to study effects of feeding distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and other high fiber ingredients to growing pigs. The objective of Exp. 1 was to measure the effects on digestibility of AA, energy, and fiber of adding 30% DDGS to a corn soybean meal diet and to measure intestinal transit time. Growing pigs were cannulated at the terminal ileum and in the cecum. Results showed that apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of Lys (74.1%) was reduced (P

Download or read book Effect of Dietary Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles DDGS and Pig Removal Strategy at Harvest on the Growth Performance Carcass Characteristics and Fat Quality of Growing finishing Pigs written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Influence of Dietary Fiber and Copper on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Finishing Pigs and Utilizing Linear Programming to Determine Pig Flow written by Kyle Francis Coble and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A total of 7,061 finishing pigs were used in 7 experiments. Experiment 1 investigated the effects of withdrawing high-fiber ingredients prior to marketing to optimize growth performance, carcass yield, and carcass fat quality. Switching pigs from a high-fiber to a low-fiber corn-soy diet approximately 15 to 19 d before slaughter restored carcass yield and partially decreased carcass fat IV compared to pigs fed the high-fiber diet until slaughter. Experiment 2 studied 30% distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and 5% added fat prior to slaughter on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Adding 5% fat to finishing pig diets containing 30% DDGS approximately 20 d before slaughter improved ADG and G:F but did not overcome the reduction in carcass yield from feeding DDGS. Experiment 3 investigated the Cu source on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Increasing dietary Cu in high byproduct diets improved growth and feed intake, resulting in increased final BW and HCW for pigs fed both Cu sources. Experiment 4 examined added Cu and standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine (Lys) level on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and carcass fat quality. Feeding 150 mg/kg Cu to pigs in the 100% SID Lys requirement diet had improved growth but in the 85 or 92.5% SID Lys requirement diet no response to added Cu was found. Furthermore, increasing SID Lys increased ADG and HCW, but added Cu did not influence growth when feeding low SID Lys. Experiment 5 investigated diet ingredient type and added Cu on growth performance, carcass characteristics, gross energy digestibility, and small intestine histology and gene expression. When comparing diet type and added Cu, pigs fed a byproduct diet with DDGS and bakery meal tended to have lower G:F and reduced HCW compared to pigs fed a corn-soy diet. Adding Cu did not influence growth or carcass characteristics. However, adding Cu to the byproduct diet improved gross energy digestibility and decreased the crypt depth in the distal small intestine. Finally, a linear programming model was developed as a decision tool for commercial swine producers to help guide pig flow decisions to maximize the return to the operation.

Download or read book Impact of Zymannase on Growth Performance Carcass Characteristics Fat Quality and Processed Meats in Finishing Barrow Fed 30 Dried Distiller s Grains with Solubles written by Michael Singer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As ethanol production continues to increase, so does the use of dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) in swine diets. The effects of high concentrations of DDGS on growing/finishing pigs has caused problems with growth performance, carcass characteristics, fat quality, and processed meats. This is due to the high fiber content and elevated levels of unsaturated fats in of the diet. Since DDGS fiber is a complex carbohydrate pigs cannot digest, the use of carbohydrases to improve growth performance is reasonable. Carbohydrase enzymes may be able to help improve fat quality, however the effect of carbohydrase enzymes on fat quality has not been thoroughly researched and the effect on processed pork products has not been examined. Therefore, the objective of these experiments was to evaluate the effects of two carbohydrase enzymes on growth performance, carcass traits and quality, fat quality, and two types of processed pork products (fresh bratwurst and ring bologna) from pigs fed a diet containing 30% DDGS. Pigs were fed a one of two corn/soybean meal/DDGS diets, the only difference being the enzyme group received a combination of two carboghydrase enzymes at the expense of corn. While the pigws were alive growth performance was documented. After the pigs were humanely slaughtered, carcass traits and quality where documented. There was no effect of enzymes on any growth performance or carcass values recorded except for a slight change in the color of the loin. There was no effect of diet on the fat quality. There was a minimal effect on the ring bologna. The biggest influence of enzyme was on the bratwurst. Enzymes had a negative effect on bratwurst quality over time on some qualities. However, other qualities of the bratwursts were positively affected. These results suggest carbohydrase enzymes in a diet containing 30% DDGS does not significantly affect growth performance or carcass characteristics of growing/finishing barrows. However, they do indicate that more research is needed to better understand the effect of carbohydrase enzymes on fat quality and more importantly, processed pork quality.

Download or read book Effects of Dietary Fiber on the Growth Performance Carcass Characteristics and Carcass Fat Quality in Growing finishing Pigs written by Matthew Duane Asmus and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three experiments used 777 pigs to study the effects of fiber source; wheat middlings (midds), dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), and choice white grease (CWG), and reduction strategies for growing and finishing pigs. Also a fourth study utilizing 1,360 pigs was conducted to determine the effect of immunocastration (IC) and DDGS withdrawal on growth performance, carcass characteristics, fatty acid analysis, and iodine value (IV) of pork fat depots in growing and finishing pigs. Experiment 1 determined that the ingredient source of fiber (wheat middlings or DDGS) was more important than NDF level alone, for characterization of growth, carcass, and yield responses. Experiment 2 showed that a short (23 d) fiber reduction strategy was successful at fully recovering yield loss; however, a longer reduction (47 d) was necessary for further improvements in carcass fat quality (IV). Experiment 3 further proved that yield loss can be recovered with a short fiber reduction strategy (19 d), and that adding energy from CWG during the fiber reduction period can improve feed efficiency, but was unsuccessful at further improving carcass yield or carcass fat quality. Experiment 4 showed that carcass yield was lower for IC pigs than barrows regardless of dietary DDGS or withdrawal strategy. Also pigs fed 30% DDGS throughout had decreased carcass yield; however, withdrawing DDGS from the diet on d 74 was effective at recovering the yield loss. While DDGS withdrawal strategy was successful at lowering IV, but was unsuccessful at fully lowering IV to values of pigs fed the control diet throughout. Iodine values were somewhat variable within fat depot, showing the jowl and clear plate fat were less accurate in showing changes from the diet, most likely due to the fact they are deposited earlier and are slower to turnover. Iodine value tended to be greater for IC pigs than barrows on d 107, but by d 125 there were no differences in IV between IC and barrows. This dramatic improvement from d 107 to 125 could be caused by the dilution of unsaturated fatty acids, specifically C18:2 and C18:3, due to the rapid deposition of fat in IC pigs.

Download or read book Utilization of Distiller s Dried Grains with Solubles in Swine Diets written by Scott Matthew Williams and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Six experiments were completed to determine factors influencing the use of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets for nursery and finishing pigs. In Exp. 1, 105 nursery pigs were fed corn-soybean meal (SBM) based diets with CP concentrations of 22.5, 25, and 27.5%. Overall ADG, ADFI, and G:F were not affected by increasing CP (P> 0.19). In Exp. 2, 105 nursery pigs were fed excess CP from SBM and DDGS. Overall ADG, ADFI, and G:F for pigs fed the control diet were not different from those fed the high CP treatments (P> 0.12). However, pigs fed the DDGS treatment had lower G:F than pigs fed the corn-soy diet with similar CP content (P 0.04). For Exp. 3, 176 finishing pigs were fed diets with CP concentrations increasing from 12 to 18%. Increasing CP had no effect (P 0.20) on ADG, ADFI, G:F, and hot carcass weight (HCW). For Exp. 4, 180 finishing pigs were fed excess dietary CP from SBM and DDGS. Pigs fed diets with high CP had lower ADG, ADFI, and HCW, but these results were caused by the diet with 40% DDGS (SBM vs DDGS, P 0.001). For Exp. 5, 224 nursery pigs were used to determine the effects of extrusion processing on the nutritional value of DDGS. Overall ADG and ADFI were greater for pigs fed the corn-soy control compared to the DDGS treatments (P