Download or read book Growth of Olympia Oysters written by Charles E. Woelke and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Climate dependent Larval Growth Rate and Duration of Olympia Oysters in the Salish Sea written by Jake Lawlor and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most invertebrates in the ocean begin their lives with a planktonic larval phase that is of utmost importance for dispersal and distribution of these species, especially for organisms that are sessile or otherwise mobility-limited during adult life. As larvae are particularly vulnerable to environmental change, holistic understanding of interacting climate stressors on larval life is important to predict population persistence and vulnerability of species. However, traditional experimental designs are often limited by resolution in understanding multiple stress relationships, as environmental variables in the ocean do not occur in discrete interacting levels. Here, I use a novel experimental approach to model growth rate and duration of Olympia oyster larvae and predict the suitability of habitats for larval survival in interacting gradients of temperature, salinity, and ocean acidification. I find that temperature and salinity are closely linked to larval growth and larval habitat suitability, but larvae are resistant to acidification. Olympia oyster larvae from populations in the Salish Sea exhibit higher growth rate and greater tolerance to habitats in near-future climate change conditions compared to present-day conditions in the Salish Sea, suggesting that this species will benefit from some degree of global ocean change. Using generalized linear modeling, I predict larval growth and duration in present-day and future oceanographic conditions in the Salish Sea, finding a vast decrease in mean pelagic larval duration by the year 2095. Using these data, I explore implications of these relationships for Olympia oysters across their range now and in the future.
Download or read book Consequences of Global Change for Early Life Stages of the Olympia Oyster written by Annaliese Hettinger and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nearshore marine environment is characterized by a multitude of natural and human-induced stressors. The interactive effects of stressors may complicate predicting ecological effects of global change on marine organisms. This dissertation focuses primarily on how altered seawater chemistry (ocean acidification), derived from increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, interacts with other environmental factors to influence the early life stages of Olympia oysters (Ostrea lurida). Initial laboratory experiments demonstrated that exposure of oyster larvae to high-CO2 caused lower growth rates and smaller size at settlement compared to individuals reared in ambient-CO2. Impacts were more pronounced a week after settlement, with juveniles exhibiting a larger decrease in shell growth rate compared to the negative effect on larval growth rate. The effects on juveniles arose regardless of the CO2 level oysters experienced as juveniles, indicating a strong carry-over effect from the larval phase. A combined laboratory and field approach addressed the duration of carry-over effects and how effects might be moderated in the natural environment. Juvenile oysters reared in laboratory cultures under ambient and high-CO2 as larvae were outplanted to field sites at two intertidal shore levels that differed in emersion time and temperature regime. Larval exposure to high-CO2 led to reduced growth in juveniles. Juveniles outplanted to the more stressful shore level also exhibited reduced growth compared to individuals in more benign conditions. Effects persisted halfway to reproductive age, the duration of the study. To determine if the negative effects from ocean acidification would be exacerbated or ameliorated in a low or high food environment, respectively, oyster larvae were reared at two CO2 and three food levels. Larval growth was reduced in low food and in elevated-CO2 conditions, but these factors operated additively, indicating that the effects of high-CO2 on growth did not depend on the food regime. Settlement was lower in elevated-CO2 conditions compared to ambient, and this was especially true in low food conditions. High food levels did not completely eliminate negative effects of high-CO2 on growth. A final experiment demonstrated that moderate temperature increases buffered larval and juvenile oysters from the damaging effects of high-CO2. Ocean acidification negatively impacts multiple early life history stages of Olympia oysters, and may contribute to substantial declines at the population scale. Responses are not uniform across the life cycle, and thus assessments of population responses to environmental perturbation must consider how effects propagate across life-history transitions.
Download or read book Response of Olympia Oysters Ostrea Lurida to Changing Environmental Conditions written by Jake Heare and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Olympia oyster is an iconic oyster species in the Pacific Northwest with special significance in Puget Sound, WA. Oyster populations in the region were decimated to historic lows during the 20th century due to a number of factors including overharvest, habitat loss, and invasive species. Restoration projects have seen limited success, likely due to the limited information on stock structure within Puget Sound, especially in regards to adaptive abilities and habitat suitability. Chapter one of this study investigates population related fitness measures (ie. mortality, growth, reproduction) within three resident populations from geographically isolated locations in Puget Sound. Using a reciprocal transplant experiment with Ostrea lurida populations from Fidalgo Bay, Dabob Bay, and Oyster Bay, we found that two of the three populations (Dabob Bay and Oyster Bay) express significant phenotypic signatures related to the population. Using this information we offer restoration strategies catered to population phenotypes in an effort to improve restoration projects in the Puget Sound. In Chapter two, we ran a thermal and mechanical stress experiment due to differences in mortality between populations observed in Chapter 1 to investigate expression of genes (via qPCR) related to survival. We found differences in expression related to gene transcription, which indicates possible phenotypic plasticity previously unknown in the study populations though further investigation is required.
Download or read book Reestablishing Olympia Oyster Populations in Puget Sound Washington written by Tristan Peter-Contesse and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Rise and Decline of the Olympia Oyster written by Earl N. Steele and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Re establishment of the Native Oyster Ostrea Conchaphila in Netarts Bay Oregon USA written by Pamela Emily Archer and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Olympia oysters, "Ostrea conchaphila," were once common along the west coast of North America. A popular delicacy, native oyster populations began to decline in the late 1800's due to over-harvest, degraded water quality, and habitat loss. Interest in re-establishing the native oyster in a small Oregon estuary, Netarts Bay, culminated in a partnership among The Nature Conservancy, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board, and Oregon State University. This study was designed to assess the reestablishment progress of the Olympia oyster restoration in Netarts Bay along with subsequent impacts of the restoration on eelgrass ("Zostera marina"), an important estuarine species. Two brood years (2005 & 2006) of cultch, consisting of O. conchaphila set on clean "Crassostrea gigas" shell substrate, were outplanted within an extensive, relatively uniform eelgrass bed. Cultch was placed in two experimental locations to determine the effect of cultch cover on native oyster survival, growth, and eelgrass abundance. The percent cover of cultch varied among treatments: "control" (no cultch), "low" (4% cultch cover), "medium" (11% cultch), and "high" (19% cultch). Research objectives were: (1) determination of O. conchaphila density, growth, and reproduction; and (2) quantification of the response of "Z. marina" abundance and reproduction to cultch cover. Results from 2007 demonstrated that Olympia oysters were capable of growth, reproduction, and recruitment within their former habitat. Cultch cover within treatments did not change throughout the summer and there was minimal shell export out of the experimental location. Oyster size increased from March-September, 2007: the mean size of the 2005 brood year increased by 10.5 mm, while the 2006 brood year increased by 16.2 mm. Sperm and larvae were found in individuals from both brood years, indicating that oysters were reproductively active. Declines in eelgrass mean percent leaf cover and shoot density were observed with increasing cultch cover. The mean eelgrass percent leaf cover was 15-22% lower and shoot density was 27-36% lower in high treatment (19% cultch) plots than in control plots. There were no discernable patterns in the eelgrass response variables of flowering shoot count, blade length, or blade width. The medium treatment (11% cultch), in which oyster densities were statistically similar to the high treatment (19% cultch), did not have statistically significant impacts on eelgrass percent cover or shoot density. We recommend continued testing of the medium treatment (11% cultch), as well as other cultch densities, such as a 50% cultch treatment. Additional monitoring will be needed to determine what, if any, long-term impacts occur to the eelgrass bed. We also recommend long-term monitoring of both oysters and eelgrass beds to detect any additional changes at the re-establishment site.
Download or read book Oysters written by Cynthia Nims and published by Sasquatch Books. This book was released on 2023-12-05 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For oyster lovers everywhere, this luscious cookbook features recipes, shucking instructions, and the local farming success story of the many delicious oysters from the Pacific Coast. From Hangtown Hash with Fried Eggs to Half-Shell Oysters with Kimchi-Cucumber Relish, this gorgeous cookbook features 30 recipes, ideas for what to drink with oysters, and tips for buying, storing, and shucking to bring out the “oh!” in oysters. Since oysters are grown and harvested in some of the most beautiful environments on earth, the book is brimming with scenic as well as food photography. The delectable oysters grown along the West Coast—which include Pacific, Kumamoto, Olympia, and Eastern and European Flat species--are the stars of this beautiful cookbook celebrating oysters.
Download or read book Olympia Oyster Restoration written by Charlotte Loring Dohrn and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oyster habitat suitability index (HSI) models can support conservation and restoration planning, siting aquaculture projects, and other purposes. In recent decades, partners have undertaken efforts to restore populations of Olympia oysters (Ostrea lurida) in the Salish Sea. Olympia oyster restoration projects are more likely to become self-sustaining and contribute to overall population growth when sited in locations with optimal conditions. This study describes the development and application of a preliminary HSI model for Olympia oyster restoration in the southern Salish Sea. Environmental data and tolerance thresholds for six habitat variables – tidal elevation, salinity, temperature, current velocities, low salinity events, and water residence time – are compiled to create a geospatial index of suitability. This study identifies potentially suitable habitat throughout the study region. HSI output is compared to oyster observations and abundance at restored sites to evaluate accuracy and consider potential applications. While predictions of suitable habitat and oyster presence and abundance align in some locations, there are limitations to using the index as a tool for restoration planning. In addition, this study provides an example of how the HSI may be used to explore climate change considerations for restoration projects. The results of this study, in combination with other methods and information, may provide a useful preliminary tool for identifying potentially suitable locations for Olympia oyster restoration projects in the region.
Download or read book The Rise and Decline of the Olympia Oyster written by E. N. Steele and published by Sagwan Press. This book was released on 2015-08-23 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book A Geography of Oysters written by Rowan Jacobsen and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2008-09-16 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A playful guide to identifying, serving, and enjoying one of America's most delicious foods describes the various types of oysters available in terms of appearance, origin, availability, and flavor and provides a host of tempting recipes, a color guide, lists of top oyster restaurants and festivals, tips on pairing wine and oysters, and more.
Download or read book Ecosystem Concepts for Sustainable Bivalve Mariculture written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-03-18 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. mariculture production of bivalve molluscs-those cultivated in the marine environment-has roughly doubled over the last 25 years. Although mariculture operations may expand the production of seafood without additional exploitation of wild populations, they still depend upon and affect natural ecosystems and ecosystem services. Every additional animal has an incremental effect arising from food extraction and waste excretion. Increasing domestic seafood production in the United States in an environmentally and socially responsible way will likely require the use of policy tools, such as best management practices (BMPs) and performance standards. BMPs represent one approach to protecting against undesirable consequences of mariculture. An alternative approach to voluntary or mandatory BMPs is the establishment of performance standards for mariculture. Variability in environmental conditions makes it difficult to develop BMPs that are sufficiently flexible and adaptable to protect ecosystem integrity across a broad range of locations and conditions. An alternative that measures performance in sustaining key indicators of ecosystem state and function may be more effective. Because BMPs address mariculture methods rather than monitoring actual ecosystem responses, they do not guarantee that detrimental ecosystem impacts will be controlled or that unacceptable impact will be avoided. Ecosystem Concepts for Sustainable Bivalve Mariculture finds that while performance standards can be applied for some broad ecosystem indicators, BMPs may be more appropriate for addressing parameters that change from site to site, such as the species being cultured, different culture methods, and various environmental conditions. This book takes an in-depth look at the environmental, social, and economic issues to present recommendations for sustainable bivalve mariculture.
Download or read book The Rise and Decline of the Olympia Oyster written by E N (Earl N ) Steele and published by Hassell Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book The American Or Eastern Oyster written by Victor Lyon Loosanoff and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Distribution and Demography of the Invasive Pacific Oyster Crassostrea Gigas and Native Olympia Oyster Ostrea Lurida in the San Diego River written by Jason Langevin and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though the introduction of the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas, to the west coast of North America, happened roughly a century ago, it has only been in the past 15 to 20 years that C. gigas has started to become an established and conspicuous species along Southern California's coast. The establishment of C. gigas in Southern California has the potential to heavily influence many native species, as it has done globally. In Southern California, this invasion is particularly relevant for the native Olympia Oyster, Ostrea lurida. The Olympia oyster has both historical and present-day threats to its population, due to overfishing, pollution, and exotic species introductions. Understanding the distribution and demography of both species at the relatively early stage of C. gigas establishment is important for future management of both species. In order to address this, sampling was conducted along the rip rap of the San Diego River, near its connection with the Pacific Ocean. Transects were laid down at the high, mid and low intertidal, and quadrats along these transects were sampled quarterly for one year. Densities, biomass, Condition Index, length frequencies, and Von Bertalanffy growth constants were used to look at the growth of the two species over this time period. For C. gigas, growth lines were also used as a tool to estimate age and growth. This work demonstrated that O. lurida densities were in fact much greater than those of C. gigas, but that these native oysters had greater numbers in the low intertidal and diminished as tidal height increased. Crassostrea gigas numbers also decreased with increase tidal height, although less dramatically than O. lurida. Even though there is a large size difference between the two species, growth rate constants found using the Von Bertanlaffy growth model (k) in the low- and mid-intertidal combined were found to be very similar, indicating similar growth rates. Further analysis of growth rates of C. gigas across tidal zones, using growth lines, demonstrated that the growth rate decreased as tidal elevation increased. This study on the demography on native and invasive oysters in San Diego provides a foundation of baseline scientific information against which future change can be assessed, and can also inform future research directions, such as investigations of how each species interacts independently with their environment and with one another.
Download or read book Experimental Observations on Spawning written by Aubrey Edwin Hopkins and published by . This book was released on 1937 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
