Download or read book Growth and Income Distribution in India written by R M Sundrum and published by SAGE Publications Pvt. Limited. This book was released on 1987-03-10 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Sundrum describes India's economic performance and policies since 1950. He analyses the relationship between planning and market mechanisms, the role of the administration, and the country's policies regarding production, distribution, and the mobilization of resources. He also considers changes that need to be made to the policy-making process to make the country's economic policies more effective.
Download or read book Income Distribution Growth and Basic Needs in India written by R. Sinha and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 1979, explores the sources and patterns of the distribution of personal incomes in India, between rural and urban areas and among socio-economic classes, differentiating particularly those groups falling below the poverty line.
Download or read book Economic Growth and Income Disparity in BRIC written by Monica Das and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is not necessarily true that such income transfers would invariably reduce growth rates. The relationship between economic growth and income inequality depends on certain initial conditions. For instance, if the initial distribution of income is fairly unequal, growth induces greater equality. On the other hand, at high levels of per capita incomes, growth may raise inequality if the initial level of inequality is not very high. This brings a new dimension in the "inverted-U hypothesis." Based on econometric modeling of growth-inequality nexus, the book examines the patterns of growth and economic disparities in BRIC countries over long periods of time, including the recent high growth phase. Two inequality measures applied in this study are Gini coefficient and Theil's entropy measures, depending on data availability. Attempts have been made to identify the sources of inequality and the role of initial conditions in determining the patterns of development.
Download or read book Economic Growth and Income Inequality in China India and Singapore written by Pundarik Mukhopadhaya and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world at large is watching both China and India as powerhouses of economic growth. The two nations have achieved significantly high rates of economic growth ever since their respective economies liberalized in 1978 and 1991. Singapore, despite its limited land size and almost total dependence on external trade, has performed remarkably well and has moved from the third world to the first. This book documents and explains the rapid economic growth of the three key Asian economies.The book also looks at what has happened to income inequality in the context of superior growth performance. It makes comparative assessments and examines the implications for the three nations. Since free markets have nothing in them to produce a reduction in income inequality among persons/households, one must at best hope for equality of opportunity notably reflected in identical schooling for all; identical health care for all; and minimal rather than vulgar inequality in housing. This book is particularly useful for both China and India which may wish to study and learn from Singapore in regard to the policies, programmes and projects aimed at ensuring equality of opportunity. The book is backed by considerable expertise on the part of the researchers, with demonstrated expertise through their publications spawning a few decades. It is invaluable to those who are concerned with designing policies for developing countries aimed at rapid and inclusive economic growth.This book has been made possible by the intellectual and financial support extended by the Global Asia Institute, National University of Singapore.
Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality written by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Download or read book Impact of Economic Growth on Income Inequalities written by Dastgir Alam and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-09-09 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, Aligarh Muslim University (Department of Economics), language: English, abstract: Abstract Since the ages inequalities in income distribution have been both a fact and a major cause of concern for world community. India, being a part of this world also suffers from this problem. To solve it India started the process of planning in 1950 and since then planners are making their best efforts to reduce the prevalence of income inequalities. The present study revealed that in comparison to rural areas, the problem of income inequalities has always been higher in urban areas. In rural areas economic growth is proved very important in solving the problem of inequalities but only before the economic reforms. After the economic reforms, economic growth has failed to address the problem of inequality in income distribution. The study has further found that in urban areas, it is not the economic growth but the differential growth of the various sectors which is affecting the level inequalities in income distribution. Key Words: Inequalities, Income Distribution, Income Inequalities, Economic Growth, Economic Reforms, Differential Growth.
Download or read book Partially Awakened Giants written by Shubham Chaudhuri and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The paper examines the ways in which recent economic growth has been uneven in China and India and what this has meant for inequality and poverty. Drawing on analyses based on existing household survey data and aggregate data from official sources, the authors show that growth has indeed been uneven-geographically, sectorally, and at the household level-and that this has meant uneven progress against poverty, less poverty reduction than might have been achieved had growth been more balanced, and an increase in income inequality. The paper then examines why growth was uneven and why this should be of concern. The discussion is structured around the idea that there are both "good" and "bad" inequalities-drivers and dimensions of inequality and uneven growth that are good or bad in terms of what they imply for both equity and long-term growth and development. The authors argue that the development paths of both China and India have been influenced by, and have generated, both types of inequalities and that while good inequalities-most notably those that reflect the role of economic incentives-have been critical to the growth experience thus far, there is a risk that bad inequalities-those that prevent individuals from connecting to markets and limit investment and accumulation of human capital and physical capital-may undermine the sustainability of growth in the coming years. The authors argue that policies are needed that preserve the good inequalities-continued incentives for innovation and investment-but reduce the scope for bad ones, notably through investments in human capital and rural infrastructure that help the poor connect to markets.
Download or read book Income Distribution in Less Developed Countries written by R. M. Sundrum and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-08-29 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a major book in a key area of development economics. It gives a comprehensive survey of the link between income distribution and the growth of national income, bringing out major patterns and trends, and concluding that there is still considerable scope for growth with equity in LDCs.
Download or read book Inequality and Growth written by Theo S. Eicher and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays exploring the relationship between economic growth and inequality and the implications for policy makers.
Download or read book Growing Unequal Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-10-21 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides evidence of a fairly generalised increase in income inequality over the past two decades across OECD countries, but the timing, intensity and causes of the increase differ from what is typically suggested in the media.
Download or read book Income Distribution Growth and Basic Needs in India written by Radha Sinha and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1979 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Income Distribution Growth And Basic Needs In India written by R Sinha and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Book Explores The Sources And Patterns Of The Distribution Of Personal Incomes In India, Between Rural And Urban Areas And Among Socio-Economic Classes, Differentiating Particularly Those Groups Falling Below The Poverty Line.
Download or read book Income Inequality written by Brian Keeley and published by Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development. This book was released on 2015-12-21 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Income inequality is rising. A quarter of a century ago, the average disposable income of the richest 10% in OECD countries was around seven times higher than that of the poorest 10%; today, it's around 9½ times higher. Why does this matter? Many fear this widening gap is hurting individuals, societies and even economies. This book explores income inequality across five main headings. It starts by explaining some key terms in the inequality debate. It then examines recent trends and explains why income inequality varies between countries. Next it looks at why income gaps are growing and, in particular, at the rise of the 1%. It then looks at the consequences, including research that suggests widening inequality could hurt economic growth. Finally, it examines policies for addressing inequality and making economies more inclusive.
Download or read book Links Between Growth Inequality and Poverty A Survey written by Ms. Valerie Cerra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there a tradeoff between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on growth is likewise ambiguous, as several channels mediate the relationship. But most plausible mechanisms suggest that poverty and inequality reduce growth, at least in the long run. Policies play a role in shaping these relationships and those designed to improve equality of opportunity can simultaneously improve inclusiveness and growth.
Download or read book Inequality Poverty and Development in India written by Utpal Kumar De and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-24 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the fulfillment of two Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), namely poverty and inequality, in the Indian subcontinent. It examines the complex interplay among development, inequality and poverty in relation to corruption, environmental resource management, agricultural adjustment to climate change and institutional arrangements, with a special focus on the Northeastern region of the country. The topics covered offer a blend of theoretical arguments and empirical data with regard to the three main themes of the book, while also providing agricultural and environmental perspectives. The book also provides guidelines for policy initiatives for harnessing the region’s potential in the areas of industry, trade, sustainable use of mineral, forest and other natural resources, nature-based tourism through proper infrastructure development, and resolving land issues to achieve inclusive development.In addition to introducing some new questions on the development-ethnic conflict interface, it uses sophisticated tools such as the Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition method in consumption expenditure to show the endowment, and return to endowment effects; and techniques like spatial correlation-regression to analyze regional variation, co-integration, vector autoregression, the panel data technique and the adaptation index to climate change, to understand socio-economic complexities and the effect of the concerned variables on entrepreneurship and human development.The book offers a timely contribution to our understanding of major MDGs and highlights their successes and failures. It also includes analytical frameworks that are key to future policy initiatives. Further, it disseminates approaches and methods that improve livelihoods and standards of living through poverty reduction and promoting inclusive development along with sustainable utilization of available natural resources. Putting forward various ideas for creating a more sustainable future, it inspires and encourages readers to pursue further studies to address the gaps that still remain.
Download or read book Income Distribution and High quality Growth written by Vito Tanzi and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors argue that there need not be a trade-off between growth and equity in the long run. However, attempts by government to influence income distribution through large-scale tax and transfer programs can have a negative impact on growth. The contrast is vivid. While the majority of people in the industrial world and some in the developing world enjoy unprecedented affluence, a far greater number of people in the low-income countries live in abject poverty. Although several developing countries are achieving rapid economic growth and poverty reduction, most formerly centrally planned countries are struggling to implement market-oriented reforms in the midst of economic deterioration and rising poverty. The paramount importance of reducing poverty worldwide is forcing economists and policymakers to look at how income distribution and economic growth interact. The essays in this volume grew out of a 1995 conference sponsored by the International Monetary Fund. The contributors are scholars and policymakers from academic institutions, governments, and international organizations. The questions discussed include: How does income distribution interact with economic growth in the short run and the long run? To what extent can government use transfer programs to increase the incomes of the poor? How can government use social programs to help the poor increase their income-earning capacity? Does distributional inequality create an obstacle to long-term poverty reduction? Alternatively, is distributional inequality a necessary means of achieving economic growth? Generally, the contributors agree that there need not be a trade-off between growth and equity in the long run. However, attempts by government to influence income distribution through large-scale tax and transfer programs can have a negative impact on growth.
Download or read book Economic Development and Income Distribution written by D. Krishṇa Moorthy and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study based on Chittoor District of Andhra Pradesh.
