Download or read book Groundwater Contamination by Chlorinated Industrial Solvents written by A. R. Lawrence and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In Situ Remediation of Chlorinated Solvent Plumes written by Hans F. Stroo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-10 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1970s and early 1980s, our nation began to grapple with the legacy of past disposal practices for toxic chemicals. With the passage in 1980 of the Comprehensive Envir- mental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), commonly known as Sup- fund, it became the law of the land to remediate these sites. The U. S. Department of Defense (DoD), the nation’s largest industrial organization, also recognized that it too had a legacy of contaminated sites. Historic operations at Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps facilities, ranges, manufacturing sites, shipyards, and depots had resulted in widespread contamination of soil, groundwater, and sediment. While Superfund began in 1980 to focus on remediation of heavily contaminated sites largely abandoned or neglected by the private sector, the DoD had already initiated its Installation Restoration Program in the mid-1970s. In 1984, the DoD began the Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP) for contaminated site assessment and remediation. Two years later, the U. S. Congress codified the DERP and directed the Secretary of Defense to carry out a concurrent program of research, development, and demonstration of innovative remediation technologies. As chronicled in the 1994 National Research Council report, “Ranking Hazardous-Waste Sites for Remedial Action,” our early estimates on the cost and suitability of existing techn- ogies for cleaning up contaminated sites were wildly optimistic. Original estimates, in 1980, projected an average Superfund cleanup cost of a mere $3.
Download or read book Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation written by Bernard H. Kueper and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to help engineers and scientists better understand dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) contamination of groundwater and the methods and technology used for characterization and remediation. Remediation of DNAPL source zones is very difficult and controversial and must be based on state-of-the-art knowledge of the behavior (transport and fate) of nonaqueous phase liquids in the subsurface and site specific geology, chemistry and hydrology. This volume is focused on the characterization and remediation of nonaqueous phase chlorinated solvents and it is hoped that mid-level engineers and scientists will find this book helpful in understanding the current state-of-practice of DNAPL source zone management and remediation.
Download or read book Transport and Transformations of Chlorinated solvent Contamination in a Saprolite and Fractured Rock Aquifer Near a Former Wastewater treatment Plant Greenville South Carolina written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contaminated Water Supplies at Camp Lejeune written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-09-06 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1980s, two water-supply systems on the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune in North Carolina were found to be contaminated with the industrial solvents trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PCE). The water systems were supplied by the Tarawa Terrace and Hadnot Point watertreatment plants, which served enlisted-family housing, barracks for unmarried service personnel, base administrative offices, schools, and recreational areas. The Hadnot Point water system also served the base hospital and an industrial area and supplied water to housing on the Holcomb Boulevard water system (full-time until 1972 and periodically thereafter). This book examines what is known about the contamination of the water supplies at Camp Lejeune and whether the contamination can be linked to any adverse health outcomes in former residents and workers at the base.
Download or read book Dense Chlorinated Solvents in Porous and Fractured Media written by Friedrich Schwille and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1988-02 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is pioneering new information-the result of 20 years of research by the world's leader to help develop a genuine understanding of the behavior of the all-pervasive dense chlorinated solvents in the vadose and unsaturated zones. Now you can know the basic chemical processes for dense solvent spills, how spill volumes translate into magnitudes of contamination zones, how to remediate existing spills, and how to predict spill behavior. This new book is chemical, physical, quantitative, and qualitative-made especially valuable by 48 full-color illustrations and descriptions. This is an exacting work that should prove invaluable for years to come.
Download or read book Treatment of Chlorinated Solvents in Groundwater Beneath an Occupied Building at the Young Rainey STAR Center Pinellas FL written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater contamination, consisting of two dissolved-phase plumes originating from chlorinated solvent source areas, in the southeastern portion of the Young- Rainey Star Center (also known as the Pinellas County, Florida, Site) in Largo, Florida, has migrated beyond the property boundary, beneath the roadways, and beneath adjacent properties to the south and east. Groundwater contamination will persist as long as the onsite contaminant source remains. The origin of the contamination appears to be multiple long-term point sources beneath Building 100, a 4.5 ha (11 acre) building that housed manufacturing facilities during US DOE operations at the site. The site is now owned by Pinellas County, and most of the space inside the building is leased to private companies, so DOE chose not to conduct characterization or remediation through the floor of the building, instead choosing to conduct all work from outside the building. Injection of emulsified soybean oil and a microbial culture has been used at other areas of the site to accelerate naturally occurring bacterial processes that degrade groundwater contaminants to harmless compounds, and that same approach was chosen for this task. The technical approach consisted of installing horizontal wells from outside the building footprint, extending through and around the identified subsurface treatment areas, and terminating beneath the building. Two 107 m (350 ft) long wells, two 122 m (400 ft) long wells, and four 137 m (450 ft) long wells have been installed to intersect the inferred source areas and confirmed contaminant plumes beneath the building. DOE then injected emulsified vegetable oil and a microbial culture into the horizontal wells at each of several target areas beneath the building where the highest groundwater contaminant concentrations have been detected. The target areas are the northwest corner of the building between the old drum storage pad locations and monitoring well PIN12-S35B, the vicinity of former monitoring well PIN12-S57B, and hydraulically upgradient from the south plume and the east plume at the points where they exit from beneath the building. We describe the details of designing and constructing horizontal injection wells for bioremediation beneath a large, occupied industrial production facility, including lessons learned; technical, logistical, and environmental challenges; community relations; and regulatory relations. Because of the expected lag in biological acclimation and response, distance between the treatment areas and associated monitoring points, and low groundwater velocity, it will likely be years before the full impact of the project will be realized.
Download or read book Environmental Investigation and Remediation written by Thomas K.G. Mohr and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A ubiquitous, largely overlooked groundwater contaminant, 1,4-dioxane escaped notice by almost everyone until the late 1990s. While some dismissed 1,4-dioxane because it was not regulated, others were concerned and required testing and remediation at sites they oversaw. Drawing years of 1,4-dioxane research into a convenient resource, Environmental
Download or read book A proposal for a major program of field and laboratory studies pertainting to groundwater contamination by chlorinated organic solvents and aquifer remediation written by Centre for Groundwater Research (Waterloo) and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Groundwater Remediation written by Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by one of the world's foremost authorities on the subject, this is the most comprehensive and in-depth treatment available to environmental engineers and scientists for the remediation of groundwater, one of the earth's most precious resources. Groundwater is one of the Earth's most precious resources. We use it for drinking, bathing, and many other purposes. Without clean water, humans would cease to exist. Unfortunately, because of ignorance or lack of caring, groundwater is often contaminated through industrialization, construction or any number of other ways. It is the job of the environmental engineer to remediate the contaminated groundwater and make what has been tainted safe again.Selecting the proper remediation strategy and process is the key to moving forward, and, once this process has been selected, it must be executed properly, taking into consideration the costs, the type of contaminants that are involved, time frames, and many other factors. This volume provides a broad overview of the current and most widely applied remedial strategies. Instead of discussing these strategies in a generic way, the volume is organized by focusing on major contaminants that are of prime focus to industry and municipal water suppliers. The specific technologies that are applicable to the chemical contaminants discussed in different chapters are presented, but then cross-referenced to other chemical classes or contaminants that are also candidates for the technologies. The reader will also find extensive cost guidance in this volume to assist in developing preliminary cost estimates for capital equipment and operations & maintenance costs, which should be useful in screening strategies. The eight chapters cover all of the major various types of contaminants and their industrial applications, providing a valuable context to each scenario of contamination. This is the most thorough and up-to-date volume available on this important subject, and it is a must-have for any environmental engineer or scientist working in groundwater remediation.
Download or read book Sources and Movement of Chlorinated Solvents in Dual Porosity Rocks written by D. N. Lerner and published by Bernan Press(PA). This book was released on 1993 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dense Chlorinated Solvents and Other DNAPLs in Groundwater written by James F. Pankow and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Abiotic Remediation of Ground Water Contaminated by Chlorinated Solvents written by Yuejun Yan and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Chlorinated Solvent Contamination in an Upward Flow Constructed Wetland written by Bryan C. Opperman and published by . This book was released on 2002-03-01 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study is to determine chlorinated solvent contamination levels in an upward flow constructed wetland at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB), Ohio. A stratified grid sampling methodology will be used in sampling the contaminated groundwater. Analysis will be accomplished by means of purge-and-trap gas chromatography. The contaminant concentration levels will be used to enhance the design and construction of man-made wetlands used to remove chlorinated solvents from aquifers. PCE levels declined from an average of 33.97 ppb in the inflow stream to an average of 3.65 ppb in the upper layer, a 91% reduction. High concentrations occurred in areas where high hydraulic pressure gradients and hydraulic conductivities combined to allow contaminated water to migrate to the upper layers of the wetland with minimal contact time for reduction. Removing these areas from the data set increased the PCE reduction efficiency to nearly 98% with an upper level concentration average of 0.84 ppb. Trichloroethene (TCE) inflow rates averaged 0.63 ppb while TCE concentrations in the upper layer averaged 0.175 ppb. TCE concentrations peaked in the middle layer of the wetland suggesting that reduction of PCE was occurring there and in the bottom layer.
Download or read book In Situ Treatment of Chlorinated Ethene Contaminated Groundwater Using Horizontal Flow Treatment Wells written by Derek R. Ferland and published by . This book was released on 2000-03-01 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The limitations of conventional containment technologies for groundwater contaminated with chlorinated solvents have motivated development of innovative technologies to achieve national groundwater remediation objectives. One inn9vative technology that is currently under development involves metal reductants or catalysts to chemically destroy the dissolved chlorinated solvent. Models are important tools that can be used to help transition this technology to the field. Model studies can be used to gain understanding about the technology, help determine when the prospective technology might work for a given site, and design full-scale field applications.
Download or read book Chlorinated Solvents written by Robert D. Morrison and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2013 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book provides the reader with a concise compilation of information regarding the use of environmental forensic techniques for age dating and identification of the source of a chlorinated solvent release.
Download or read book Characterization of Chlorinated Solvent Degradation Profile Due to Microbial and Chemical Processes in a Constructed Wetland written by Teresa A. Sobolewski and published by . This book was released on 2004-03 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perchloroethene (PCE) and its degradation products are among the most common organic groundwater contaminants in the United States. Constructed wetlands are a relatively new approach to dealing with this contamination problem. With their upward flow capability it is possible to introduce an aerobic and anaerobic environment with a consortium of microorganisms available to degrade the contaminants to within acceptable levels established by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This study is a follow-up to the previous two years of research on PCE degradation in cell 1 at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. This thesis was conducted in order to study the wetland and determine the mechanisms that exist to degrade the chlorinated solvent contamination that is present. It also provided additional evidence that the constructed wetland is degrading PCE to its innocuous byproducts. A purge-and-trap gas chromatograph was used to determine the concentrations of PCE, TCE, DCE isomers, and VC throughout the three layers of the constructed wetland. Inflow and outflow were also sampled and analyzed. In this year's data, PCE was detected at a level that was below the maximum contaminant level established by the EPA. However, it is clear that Cell 1 is still developing. This wetland cell has been in existence for three years and it is obvious that the development of a constructed wetland is a lengthy process. If a constructed wetland were to be used as a treatment process for contaminated water sources, time would have to be allowed for it to develop before it would reach maximum treatment efficiency.
