Download or read book Ground Motion Simulation Validation for Building Design and Response Assessment written by Peng Zhong and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquake ground motion records are used as inputs for seismic hazard analysis, development of ground motion prediction equations and nonlinear response history analysis of structures. Real records from past earthquake events have traditionally been recognized as the best representation of seismic input to these analysis. However, our current way of implementing recorded ground motions is poorly constrained and suffers from the paucity of certain condition ground motions, such as the one with short distance and large magnitude. Meanwhile, even though the scaled ground motion is capable of matching the target spectrum, the content of frequency domain and ground motion parameters become unrealistic. With the rapid growth of computational ability and efficiency of computers, simulated ground motion can be an alternative to provide detailed and accurate prediction of earthquake effect. At the same time, simulated ground motions can provide a better representation of the whole ground motion generation process, such as fault rupture, wave propagation phenomena, and site response characterization. Hence, the aforementioned disadvantage of recorded ground motion can be overcame.Despite ground motion simulations have existed for decades, and the design code, such as ASCE/SEI 7-10 (ASCE, 2010), allow use of simulated ground motions for engineering practice, engineers still worried about the stability in ground motion simulation process and similarity between response of engineered structures to similar simulated and recorded ground motions. In order to draw simulated ground motions into engineering applications and make them practical, this dissertation is making contribution to address this issue. Simulated ground motions have to be validated and compared with recorded ground motions to prove their equivalence in engineering applications.This dissertation proposes a simulation validation framework. First step: Identify ground motion waveform parameters that well correlate with response of Multi-Degree of Freedom (MDOF) buildings and bridges. Second step: Develop goodness-of-fit measures and error functions that can describe the difference between simulated and recorded ground motion waveform characteristics and their effect on MDOF systems. Third step: Device the required update to ground motion simulation methods through which better simulations are possible. Forth step: Assess the current state of simulated ground motions for engineering applications.In general, simulated ground motions are found to be an effective surrogate and replenishment of natural records in engineering applications. However, certain drawbacks are detected, 1) Simulated ground motions are likelihood to mismatch certain ground motion parameters, for example, Arias intensity, duration and so on; 2) Structural behavior resulting from recorded ground motions and simulated ground motions are different. The difference stems from the fact that simulated motions are mostly pulse like motions. Because the simulation methods are still developing, our intent is not ranking or classifying them, but rather to provide feedback to update ground motion simulation techniques such that future simulations are more representative of recorded motions.

Download or read book Ground Motion Simulations written by Lynne Schleiffarth Burks and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineers use earthquake ground motions for a variety of reasons, including seismic hazard assessment, calibration of ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs), and input to nonlinear response history analysis. These analyses require a significant number of ground motions and for some scenarios, such as earthquakes with large magnitudes and short distances, it may be difficult to obtain a sufficient number of ground motion recordings. When sufficient recordings do not exist, engineers modify available recordings using scaling or spectrum matching, or they use ground motion simulations. Ground motion simulations have existed for decades, but recent advances in simulation methods due to improved source characterization and wave propagation, coupled with increased computing power, have increased potential benefits for engineers. But before simulations can be used in engineering applications, simulations must be accessible and consistent with natural observations. This dissertation contributes to the latter issue, and it investigates the application of simulations to specific engineering problems. The Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Broadband Platform (BBP) is an open-source software distribution that enables third-party users to simulate ground motions using research code contributed by model developers. Because the BBP allows users to compute their own simulations with little knowledge of the underlying implementation and it ensures that all calculations are reproducible, it is extremely valuable for simulation validation and engineering applications. In this dissertation, the BBP is evaluated as a simulation generation tool from an engineering perspective. Ground motions are simulated to study parameters of engineering interest, such as high-frequency variability, near-fault ground motions, and local site response. Though some parameters need further development, such as site response (which is currently implemented using simple empirical amplification), the BBP proves to be an effective tool for facilitating these types of engineering studies. This dissertation proposes a simulation validation framework based on simple and robust proxies for the response of more complicated structures. We compile a list of proxies with robust empirical models that are insensitive to changes in earthquake scenario and do not rely on extrapolation for rarely observed events. Because predictions of these proxies are reliable under a variety of earthquake events, we can confidently compare them with simulations. The proposed proxies include correlation of epsilon across periods, ratio of maximum to median response across horizontal orientations, and ratio of inelastic to elastic displacement. The validation framework is applied to example simulations and successfully exposes some parameters that need work, such as variability and correlation of spectral acceleration. Finally, this dissertation investigates the application of simulations to response history analysis and fling-step characterization. A 3D nonlinear structural model is analyzed using recordings and simulations with similar elastic response spectra. The structural performance and resulting design decisions are similar, indicating that simulations are effective for response history analysis subject to certain conditions. To investigate fling-step, we extract fling pulses from a large set of simulations. Extracted fling properties such as amplitude and period are then compared to specially-processed recordings and relevant empirical models for surface displacement and pulse period. Reasonably good agreement is found between simulations, recordings, and empirical models. In general, ground motion simulations are found to be an effective alternative or supplement to recordings in several engineering applications. Because simulation methods are still developing, this work is not intended as an evaluation of existing methods, but rather as a development of procedures that can be used in ongoing work.

Download or read book Ground Motion Simulation Validation Based on Loss Metrics written by Poojitha Shashi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of the earthquake ground motion parameters on the probabilistic loss estimation of buildings is the major interest of this study. For the seismic performance assessment, real ground motion records from the past earthquakes are required. Estimation of repair costs in future earthquakes is the major component for seismic loss analysis. This study addresses the sensitivity of the statistical characteristics of ground motions contributing to the building loss. Among these characteristics are the ground-shaking intensity (Arias Intensity), duration, and frequency at the middle of strong-shaking phase of the ground motion. These parameters are vital in determining the seismic response of the building structure. A fine study on the sensitivity of the seismic response and corresponding loss of the building structure to ground motions model parameters is carried out using Performance-based Earth- quake Engineering and Performance Assessment Computational Tool, respectively. But due to the scarcity of moderate to large earthquakes, the real records fail to match the required characteristics of motions, as there are insufficient set of data available for analysis to be carried out. Even, the of technique scaling ground motions results in overall unrealistic properties. This has led to the simulation of ground motions which will provide the additional and hopefully accurate predicted information on characteristics of the moderate to large earthquakes. Hence, a fully non-stationary stochastic model for strong earthquake ground motion model is considered which employs the statistical characteristics (waveform parameters) as model parameters matched with those of identified for a large sample of recorded ground motions for specified earthquake and site characteristics, to deliver simulated ground motions to examine the building loss metrics, which depends on the uncertainties in various analysis process starting from obtaining Intensity Measure (IM), Demand parameters (EDPs) to the repair cost estimates. From the predictive equations, specified earthquake and site characteristics results in the model parameters.Further, the validity of simulated ground motion time series representing the real ground shaking during future earthquakes is a crucial step. This study employs the hybrid broad- band ground motion simulation applied simulations to validate against the real records. With the help of hybrid approach, making use of wave propagation phenomena and site response characterization, effort has been taken for validation of these simulated ground motions is conducted for the sensitivity of seismic response and loss for these simulated ground motions.

Download or read book Best Practices in Physics based Fault Rupture Models for Seismic Hazard Assessment of Nuclear Installations written by Luis A. Dalguer and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2017-12-20 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects several extended articles from the first workshop on Best Practices in Physics-based Fault Rupture Models for Seismic Hazard Assessment of Nuclear Installations (BestPSHANI). Held in 2015, the workshop was organized by the IAEA to disseminate the use of physics-based fault-rupture models for ground motion prediction in seismic hazard assessments (SHA). The book also presents a number of new contributions on topics ranging from the seismological aspects of earthquake cycle simulations for source scaling evaluation, seismic source characterization, source inversion and physics-based ground motion modeling to engineering applications of simulated ground motion for the analysis of seismic response of structures. Further, it includes papers describing current practices for assessing seismic hazard in terms of nuclear safety in low seismicity areas, and proposals for physics-based hazard assessment for critical structures near large earthquakes. The papers validate and verify the models by comparing synthetic results with observed data and empirical models. The book is a valuable resource for scientists, engineers, students and practitioners involved in all aspects of SHA.

Download or read book Utilization of Physics based Simulated Earthquake Ground Motions for Performance Assessment of Tall Buildings written by Nenad Bijelić and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Databases of recorded motion are limited despite the increasing amount of data collected through strong motion instrumentation programs. Particular lack of data exists for large magnitude events and at close distances as well as on earthquakes in deep sedimentary basins. Additionally, databases of recorded motions are also limited in representation of energy at long periods due to the useable frequencies of recording instruments. This lack of data is currently partially addressed through assumption of ergodicity in development of empirical ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs). Nevertheless, challenges remain for calibration of empirical GMPEs as used in conventional approaches for probabilistic estimation of seismic hazard. At the same time, limited data on strong earthquakes and their effect on structures poses challenges for making reliable risk assessments particularly for tall buildings. For instance, while the collapse safety of tall buildings is likely controlled by large magnitude earthquakes with long du- rations and high long-period content, there are few available recorded ground motions to evaluate these issues. The influence of geologic basins on amplifying ground motion effects raises additional questions. Absent recorded motions from past large magnitude earthquakes, physics-based ground motion simulations provide a viable alternative due to the ability to consider extreme ground motions while being inherently site-specific and explicitly considering instances not well constrained by limited empirical data. This thesis focuses on utilization of physics-based simulated earthquake ground motions for performance assessment of tall buildings with three main goals: (1) developing confidence in the use of simulated ground motions through comparative assessments of recorded and simulated motions; (2) identifying important characteristics of extreme ground motions for col- lapse safety of tall buildings; (3) exploring areas where simulated ground motions provide significant advantages over recorded motions for performance-based engineering. To gain confidence in the use of simulated motions for full performance assessment of tall buildings, a 'similar intensity measure' validation study was performed. Structural responses to ground motions simulated with different methods on the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Broadband Platform (BBP) are contrasted to recorded motions from PEER NGA database with similar spectral shape and significant durations. Two tall buildings, a 20-story concrete frame and a 42-story concrete core wall building, are analyzed at increasing levels of ground motion intensity, up to structural collapse, to check for statistically significant differences between the responses to simulated and recorded motions. Considered demands include story drift ratios, floor accelerations and collapse response. These comparisons yield similar results in most cases but also reveal instances where certain simulated ground motions can result in biased responses. The source of bias is traced to differences in correlations of spectral values in some of the stochastic ground motion simulations. When the differences in correlations are removed, simulated and recorded motions yield comparable results. Moving beyond validation, the thesis also explored areas where the use of simulated motions provides advantages over approaches based on limited databases of recorded motions for performance-based engineering. One such area is seismic risk in deep sedimentary basins which is studied by examining collapse risk and drift demands of a 20-story archetype tall building utilizing ground motions at four sites in the Los Angeles basin. Seismic demands of the building are calculated form nonlinear structural analyses using large datasets (~500,000 ground motions per site) of unscaled, site-specific simulated seismograms. Seismic hazard and building performance from direct analysis of SCEC CyberShake motions are contrasted with values obtained based on 'conventional' approaches that rely on recorded motions coupled with probabilistic seismic hazard assessments. The analysis shows that, depending on the location of the site within the basin, the two approaches can yield drastically different results. For instance, at a deep basin site the CyberShake-based analysis yields around seven times larger mean annual frequency of collapse ( c) and significantly higher drift demands (e.g. drift demand of 1% is exceeded around three times more frequently) compared to the conventional approach. Both the hazard as well as the spectral shapes of the motions are shown to drive the differences in responses. Deaggregation of collapse risk is performed to identify the relative contributions of earthquake fault ruptures, linking building responses with specific seismograms and contrasting collapse risk with hazard. The effect of earthquake ground motions in deep sedimentary basins on structural collapse risk is further studied through the use of CyberShake earthquake simulations in the Los Angeles basin. Distinctive waveform characteristics of deep basin seismograms are used to classify the ground motions into several archetype groups, and the damaging influence of the basin effects are evaluated by comparing nonlinear structural responses under comparable basin and non-basin ground motions. The deep basin ground motions are observed to have larger durations and spectral intensities than non-basin motions for vibration periods longer than about 1.5 seconds, which can increase the relative structural collapse risk by up to 20 percent between ground motions with otherwise comparable spectral accelerations and significant durations. Two new metrics, termed sustained amplitude response spectra (RSx spectra) and significant duration spectra (Da spectra), are proposed to quantify period-dependent duration effects that are not otherwise captured by conventional ground motion intensity measures. The proposed sustained amplitude response spectra and significant duration spectra show promise for characterizing the damaging effects of long duration features of basin ground motions on buildings and other structures. The large database of CyberShake simulations is utilized to re-examine the relationships between engineering demand parameters and input ground motions on structural response. Focusing on collapse response, machine learning techniques are applied to results of about two million nonlinear time history analyses of an archetype 20-story tall building performed using CyberShake ground motions. The resulting feature selection (based on regularized logistic regression) generally confirms existing understanding of collapse predictors as gained from scaled recorded motions but also reveals the benefit of some novel intensity measures (IMs), in particular the RSx spectral features. In addition, the statistical interrogations of the large collection of hazard-consistent simulations demonstrate the utility of different IMs for collapse predictions in a way that is not possible with recorded motions. A small subset of robust IMs is identified and used in development of an efficient collapse classification algorithm, which is tested on benchmark results from other CyberShake sites. The classification algorithm yields promising results for application to regional risk assessment of building performance.

Download or read book Evaluation of Ground Motion Intensity response Relations for Performance based Design of Frame Buildings written by Kamel Abdelkader Tayebi and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 1094 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Site specific Seismic Ground Motions for the Design of Buildings and Other Structures written by Praveen K. Malhotra and published by ASCE Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Malhotra provides a step-by-step approach to properly conduct site-specific GMHA and SRA, and informs readers of various resources that are available to perform GMHA and SRA"--

Download or read book Validation of Simulated Ground Motions for Bridge Engineering Applications written by Rachelle George Habchi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study presented herein provides validation of five methodologies (EXSIM, GP, Irikura-Recipe, SDSU, and SONG) for ground motion simulation. The 1994 Northridge earthquake is selected alongside a bridge model as the test bed for this validation. This validation comprises a comparison between Engineering Demand Parameters (EDPs) obtained from Nonlinear Response History Analysis (NLRHA) of the bridge model subject to simulated and recorded motions of Northridge. The significance of the differences between the two EDPs are correlated with Intensity Measures (IMs) of the simulated and recorded motions. The IMs considered are normalized Arias intensity (Ia), Significant Duration (Td), time at mid-duration (tmin), rate of energy accumulation ( Ia/Td), rate of change in predominant frequency (o'), and predominant frequency at mid duration (omid). A regression of logged recorded parameters yielded Ia, Td, and omid as significant IMs. A regression analysis of logged recorded ground motions discovered that o' was also significant when considering multiple ground motion angles from 0 to 180 at 9° increments. A mixed effects regression was performed to establish the influence of simulation realization, ground motion station, and angle of rotation possessed on the model. Statistical distributions of the recorded and simulated IMs and EDP were compared to each other. Regardless of simulation methodology, the mean and variance of the simulated EDP were comparable to that of the recorded. It is recommended that the methods employed in this study be used with various recorded earthquakes in future research to assess the practicality of this validation approach.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering written by Michael Beer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-30 with total page 3953 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering is designed to be the authoritative and comprehensive reference covering all major aspects of the science of earthquake engineering, specifically focusing on the interaction between earthquakes and infrastructure. The encyclopedia comprises approximately 300 contributions. Since earthquake engineering deals with the interaction between earthquake disturbances and the built infrastructure, the emphasis is on basic design processes important to both non-specialists and engineers so that readers become suitably well informed without needing to deal with the details of specialist understanding. The encyclopedia’s content provides technically-inclined and informed readers about the ways in which earthquakes can affect our infrastructure and how engineers would go about designing against, mitigating and remediating these effects. The coverage ranges from buildings, foundations, underground construction, lifelines and bridges, roads, embankments and slopes. The encyclopedia also aims to provide cross-disciplinary and cross-domain information to domain-experts. This is the first single reference encyclopedia of this breadth and scope that brings together the science, engineering and technological aspects of earthquakes and structures.

Download or read book An Introduction to Ground Motion and Geological Hazards Assessment written by J. Paul Guyer, P.E., R.A. and published by Guyer Partners. This book was released on 2018-02-03 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introductory technical guidance for civil, structural and geotechnical engineers interested in earthquake engineering. Here is what is discussed: 1. SPECIFICATION OF GROUND MOTION 2. DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR GROUND MOTION A 3. DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR GROUND MOTION B 4. SITE-SPECIFIC DETERMINATION OF GROUND MOTION 5. GEOLOGIC HAZARDS.

Download or read book Multivariate Ground Motion Intensity Measure Models and Implications for Structural Reliability Assessment written by Christophe Loth and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation focuses on developing models for ground motion intensity, to formulate improved design spectra for use in assessing the performance of buildings under earthquakes. Most seismic building codes and design guidelines are based on implicit performance goals that structures should achieve. Despite the significant uncertainty in future ground motion occurrence, building codes commonly check a structure's behavior under a single level of earthquake loading, quantified with a design spectrum. However, this explicit design check is often not defined with respect to the performance goals. The objective of this dissertation is to provide the link between the explicit design check and the implicit performance goals. Models for multivariate distributions of ground motion properties are refined (specifically, spectral accelerations at multiple periods and locations) and tractable methods to utilize those models to assess seismic reliability of systems are developed. Using structural reliability approaches, with environmental contours of spectral accelerations at multiple periods, a justification of the use of multiple conditional mean spectra for design checks is achieved. Performance assessment procedures for the response spectrum method as well as nonlinear response history analysis are proposed based on these conditional mean spectra. Finally, this dissertation provides an original spatial cross-correlation model for spectral accelerations at multiple periods, which allows one to conduct the design checks simultaneously for multiple structures in a region.

Download or read book Ground Motion Evaluation Procedures for Performance based Design written by Jonathan P. Stewart and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Strong Ground Motion Simulation and Earthquake Engineering Applications written by Roger E. Scholl and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comparison of Simulated Ground Motion Peak Accelerations with the 2006 International Building Code Design Response Spectra for the New Madrid Seismic Zone written by Jodi Kostecki and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall goal of this study is to compare the 2006 International Building Code design response spectrum to the single degree of freedom linear elastic response spectrum generated from synthetic earthquake ground motions. This is done by first producing a series of synthetic ground motion accelerations formulated from site parameters that are characteristic of the New Madrid Seismic Zone, and then filtering the acceleration data through a baseline correction scheme to adjust any drifts in the displacement response. Next, the response spectra of each time series is calculated and used to find the average spectral response for all of the acceleration traces. The amplitudes of this plot are compared to a 2006 International Building Code design response spectrum formulated for the same site conditions. In addition, the effects of stress drop and magnitude on the simulation response spectrum were examined. For this study, the simulated ground motions produced larger spectral response acceleration values for structures with larger natural periods as compared to the general method. This would imply that implementing the stochastic method for specific site study design in the New Madrid Seismic Zone would create larger design forces and thus, stronger structures, compared to the general method outlined in the 2006 IBC. It was also determined that an accurate estimation of moment magnitude and stress drop for the site is a key factor in stochastic ground motion simulation.

Download or read book Advancement of Hazard consistent Ground Motion Selection Methodology written by Ting Lin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) quantifies the seismic hazard, predicts the structural response, and estimates the damage to building elements, in order to assess the resulting losses in terms of dollars, downtime, and deaths. This dissertation focuses on the ground motion selection that connects seismic hazard and structural response, the first two elements of PBEE, to ensure that the ground motion selection method to obtain structural response results is consistent with probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). Structure- and site-specific ground motion selection typically requires information regarding the system characteristics of the structure (often through a structural model) and the seismic hazard of the site (often through characterization of seismic sources, their occurrence frequencies, and their proximity to the site). As the ground motion intensity level changes, the target distribution of important ground motion parameters (e.g., magnitude and distance) also changes. With the quantification of contributing ground motion parameters at a specific spectral acceleration (Sa) level, a target response spectrum can be computed using a single or multiple ground motion prediction models (GMPMs, previously known as attenuation relations). Ground motions are selected from a ground motion database, and their response spectra are scaled to match the target response spectrum. These ground motions are then used as seismic inputs to structural models for nonlinear dynamic analysis, to obtain structural response under such seismic excitations. This procedure to estimate structural response results at a specific intensity level is termed an intensity-based assessment. When this procedure is repeated at different intensity levels to cover the frequent to rare levels of ground motion (expressed in terms of Sa), a risk-based assessment can be performed by integrating the structural response results at each intensity level with their corresponding seismic hazard occurrence (through the seismic hazard curve). This dissertation proposes a more rigorous ground motion selection methodology which will carefully examine the aleatory uncertainties from ground motion parameters, incorporate the epistemic uncertainties from multiple GMPMs, make adaptive changes to ground motions at various intensity levels, and use the Conditional Spectrum (CS) as the new target spectrum. The CS estimates the distribution (with mean and standard deviation) of the response spectrum, conditioned on the occurrence of a target Sa value at the period of interest. By utilizing the correlation of Sa values across periods, the CS removes the conservatism from the Uniform Hazard Spectrum (which assumes equal probabilities of exceedance of Sa at all periods) when used as a target for ground motion selection, and more realistically captures the Sa distributions away from the conditioning period. The variability of the CS can be important in structural response estimation and collapse prediction. To account for the spectral variability, aleatory and epistemic uncertainties can be incorporated to compute a CS that is fully consistent with the PSHA calculations upon which it is based. Furthermore, the CS is computed based on a specified conditioning period, whereas structures under consideration may be sensitive to multiple periods of excitation. Questions remain regarding the appropriate choice of conditioning period when utilizing the CS as the target spectrum. To advance the computation and the use of the CS in ground motion selection, contributions have been made in the following areas: The computation of the CS has been refined by incorporating multiple causal earthquakes and GMPMs. Probabilistic seismic hazard deaggregation of GMPMs provides the essential input for such refined CS computation that maintains the rigor of PSHA. It is shown that when utilizing the CS as the target spectrum, risk-based assessments are relatively insensitive to the choice of conditioning period when ground motions are carefully selected to ensure hazard consistency. Depending on the conditioning period, the structural analysis objective, and the target response spectrum, conclusions regarding appropriate procedures for selecting ground motions may differ.

Download or read book NEHRP Recommended Provisions National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures Commentary written by United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Performance Based Seismic Design for Tall Buildings written by Ramin Golesorkhi and published by . This book was released on 2017-10-30 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) is a structural design methodology that has become more common in urban centers around the world, particularly for the design of high-rise buildings. The primary benefit of PBSD is that it substantiates exceptions to prescribed code requirements, such as height limits applied to specific structural systems, and allows project teams to demonstrate higher performance levels for structures during a seismic event.However, the methodology also involves significantly more effort in the analysis and design stages, with verification of building performance required at multiple seismic demand levels using Nonlinear Response History Analysis (NRHA). The design process also requires substantial knowledge of overall building performance and analytical modeling, in order to proportion and detail structural systems to meet specific performance objectives.This CTBUH Technical Guide provides structural engineers, developers, and contractors with a general understanding of the PBSD process by presenting case studies that demonstrate the issues commonly encountered when using the methodology, along with their corresponding solutions. The guide also provides references to the latest industry guidelines, as applied in the western United States, with the goal of disseminating these methods to an international audience for the advancement and expansion of PBSD principles worldwide.