Download or read book Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Dairy Manure Management Systems written by Horacio Aguirre-Villegas and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Abatement of Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Storage and Land Application of Dairy Manure written by Michael Anthony Holly and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manure management contributes 8.4% of anthropogenic methane emissions (USEPA, 2015). It is extremely likely that greenhouse gas emissions including methane are correlated to an increase in global temperatures and sea level over the past century. Additionally, livestock contributes and estimated 71% of ammonia emissions and ammonia is a precursor to particulate matter which can decrease visibility and affect human health (Roe, Spivey, Lindquist, Thesing, & Strait, 2004). Therefore, to reduce future long term environmental and health complications it crucial that gaseous emissions from the production dairy are reduced. Experiments were conducted to evaluate potential mitigation strategies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia (NH3) emissions from dairy manure. Results from the first experiment on the impacts of manure processing on GHG and NH3 from the storage and land application of dairy manure revealed that anaerobic digestion (AD) and solid liquid separation (SLS) significantly reduce GHG emissions. AD and SLS reduced GHG from untreated manure slurries by 34% and 22%, respectively; however, AD increases NH3 emissions by 81%. A second experiment quantified the impacts of manure additives, including More Than ManureTM (MTMTM), Pro-Act, and biochar, on manure solids, gaseous nitrogen losses, and GHG emissions. No treatments were able to reduce manure solids or gaseous nitrogen losses. Biochar was the only manure treatment to impact any manure characteristics, where the total ammonical nitrogen (TAN) was significantly greater than the control at day 14 (p=0.012). In a third experiment, raw wood (white birch, Betula papyrifera), steam treated wood, wood biochar, and corn cob biochar were investigated for their potential to reduce NH3 emissions from digested manure storages. In order to guide application strategies and better understand the mechanisms for mitigation, treatments were incorporated in the manure or applied as a cover and the TAN sorption was measured using extraction techniques. All biomass treatments reduced emissions of NH3 from the control by 40% to 96%. The highest NH3 emissions reductions were achieved with the wood biochar cover due to its ability to effectively cover the manure. Sorption results indicate that only a very small portion of the biomass mitigation potential was due to sorption and the main mechanism for NH3 reduction was the ability to act as a physical barrier. Future research should assess the GHG and NH3 reduction potential of coupling AD, SLS, and a biochar cover in a long term field trial.
Download or read book Animal Manure Recycling written by Sven G. Sommer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-07-15 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rapidly changing and expanding livestock and poultry production sector is causing a range of environmental problems on local, regional and global scales. Animal Manure Recycling: Treatment and Management presents an accessible overview of environmentally friendly technologies for managing animal manure more efficiently and in a sustainable manner. The book describes the physical and chemical characteristics of animal manure and microbial processes, featuring detailed examples and case studies showing how this knowledge can be used in practice. Readers are introduced to the sustainable use of animal manure for crop fertilisation and soil amelioration. Environmentally friendly technologies for reducing emissions of ammonia, odour and the greenhouse gases nitrous oxide and methane are presented, and reduction of plant nutrient losses using separation technologies is introduced. Finally and most importantly, the book describes methods to commercialise and transfer knowledge about innovations to end-users. Topics covered include: Regulation of animal manure management Manure organic matter: characteristics and microbial transformations Greenhouse gas emissions from animal manures and technologies for their reduction Technologies and logistics for handling, transport and distribution of animal manures Bioenergy production Animal manure residue upgrading and nutrient recovery in bio-fertilisers Life cycle assessment of manure management systems Innovation in animal manure management and recycling Animal Manure Recycling: Treatment and Management presents state-of-the-art coverage of the entire animal manure chain, providing practical information for engineers, environmental consultants, academics and advanced students involved in scientific, technical and regulatory issues related to animal manure management.
Download or read book Abatement of Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions from Storage and Land Application of Dairy Manure written by Michael Anthony Holly and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manure management contributes 8.4% of anthropogenic methane emissions (USEPA, 2015). It is extremely likely that greenhouse gas emissions including methane are correlated to an increase in global temperatures and sea level over the past century. Additionally, livestock contributes and estimated 71% of ammonia emissions and ammonia is a precursor to particulate matter which can decrease visibility and affect human health (Roe, Spivey, Lindquist, Thesing, & Strait, 2004). Therefore, to reduce future long term environmental and health complications it crucial that gaseous emissions from the production dairy are reduced. Experiments were conducted to evaluate potential mitigation strategies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia (NH3) emissions from dairy manure. Results from the first experiment on the impacts of manure processing on GHG and NH3 from the storage and land application of dairy manure revealed that anaerobic digestion (AD) and solid liquid separation (SLS) significantly reduce GHG emissions. AD and SLS reduced GHG from untreated manure slurries by 34% and 22%, respectively; however, AD increases NH3 emissions by 81%. A second experiment quantified the impacts of manure additives, including More Than Manure"!(MTM"!, Pro-Act, and biochar, on manure solids, gaseous nitrogen losses, and GHG emissions. No treatments were able to reduce manure solids or gaseous nitrogen losses. Biochar was the only manure treatment to impact any manure characteristics, where the total ammonical nitrogen (TAN) was significantly greater than the control at day 14 (p=0.012). In a third experiment, raw wood (white birch, Betula papyrifera), steam treated wood, wood biochar, and corn cob biochar were investigated for their potential to reduce NH3 emissions from digested manure storages. In order to guide application strategies and better understand the mechanisms for mitigation, treatments were incorporated in the manure or applied as a cover and the TAN sorption was measured using extraction techniques. All biomass treatments reduced emissions of NH3 from the control by 40% to 96%. The highest NH3 emissions reductions were achieved with the wood biochar cover due to its ability to effectively cover the manure. Sorption results indicate that only a very small portion of the biomass mitigation potential was due to sorption and the main mechanism for NH3 reduction was the ability to act as a physical barrier. Future research should assess the GHG and NH3 reduction potential of coupling AD, SLS, and a biochar cover in a long term field trial
Download or read book Emissions from European Agriculture written by Tadeusz Kuczynski and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The time when agricultural production activities were considered neutral to the environment has definitely passed. For last 25 years there has been growing scientific evidence on the potentially deteriorating effect of ammonia released in the process of agricultural production on the environment. In the last 15 years additional focus has been given to environmental and health impact of dust and VOC’s generated by farming activities. Only very recently is the contribution of agricultural production GHG’s to global warming recognised. In the book the various aspects of agricultural emissions are discussed. Its first part refers mainly to introductory, theoretical, and methodological issues. The second part gives the most recent data on national emissions, particularly these of Nitrogen species in selected individual European countries and the projections of their emission for all Europe. The third part which deals exclusively with ammonia brings comprehensive survey of its emission abatement potentials, the cost of appropriate actions and the difficulties in their practical implementation. It also considers the potential side effects of ammonia emission abatement measures.
Download or read book Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Livestock Production written by Richard Baines and published by Burleigh Dodds Agricultural Sc. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Short description: Cattle are a major source of non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions. Part 1 reviews the genetics, measurement and modelling of methane emissions from cattle. Parts 2 and 3 look at mitigation strategies, from manure and grassland management to improved nutrition.
Download or read book Characterize Physical and Chemical Properties of Manure in California Dairy Systems to Improve Greenhouse Gas Emission Estimates written by Deanne Morse Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Livestock Production written by Pierre J. Gerber and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2013 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential of nutritional, manure and animal husbandry practices for mitigating methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) - i.e. non-carbon dioxide (CO2) - GHG emissions from livestock production. These practices were categorized into enteric CH4, manure management and animal husbandry mitigation practices. Emphasis was placed on enteric CH4 mitigation practices for ruminant animals (only in vivo studies were considered) and manure mitigation practices for both ruminant and monogastric species. Over 900 references were reviewed; simulation and life cycle assessment analyses were generally excluded
Download or read book Ammonia Emissions Management and Modeling from Storages of Dairy Manure written by Venkata Kumar Vaddella and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ammonia emissions in agriculture written by Gert-Jan Monteny and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Ammonia emissions is an important topic in many countries with animal production, since it contributes to environmental and health problems. Strategies and measures to reduce ammonia emission are getting increasing attention in national and international legislation. This book aims to bring together visions and knowledge from scientists, policy makers and other relevant stakeholders around the subject of NH3 emissions from agricultural operations and its reduction options. It also offers a basis for international harmonization on various NH3 emission related topics (e.g. national emission inventories, measurement techniques and strategies, data on emissions and reductions) and, last but not least, it provides an update of science concerning NH3 and related environmental issues. The focus of this publication is on NH3 emissions from various agricultural sources (grazing, animal housing, manure storage, land application of manures), and the options for their reduction in a farm system approach. Also, multiple gaseous emissions, their reduction options and pollution swapping issues are addressed. Environmental impact and health related effects of NH3 are briefly addressed. In conclusion, this book gives an overview of the current knowledge about ammonia emissions and how we can implement this knowledge in current agricultural systems."
Download or read book Tackling Climate Change Through Livestock written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2013 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greenhouse gas emissions by the livestock sector could be cut by as much as 30 percent through the wider use of existing best practices and technologies. FAO conducted a detailed analysis of GHG emissions at multiple stages of various livestock supply chains, including the production and transport of animal feed, on-farm energy use, emissions from animal digestion and manure decay, as well as the post-slaughter transport, refrigeration and packaging of animal products. This report represents the most comprehensive estimate made to-date of livestocks contribution to global warming as well as the sectors potential to help tackle the problem. This publication is aimed at professionals in food and agriculture as well as policy makers.
Download or read book Physicochemical Transformations of Manure to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions Improve Nutrient Use and Minimize Environmental Impacts of Dairy Operations written by Rylie Jo Ellison and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Storage and agricultural applications of manure often result in significant loss of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus to the environment through volatilization and leaching. In California, manure management is estimated to be the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, mainly as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), with dairy operations being a key contributor. One of the main challenges with using animal wastes as nutrient sources is the unpredictable nitrogen mineralization rate for crop uptake. Many dairies limit application of manure organic nitrogen to prevent groundwater contamination. With a large range of dairy sizes and types of manure management systems in California, there is also a need for a variety of manure treatment technologies to address these problems. Treatments examined in this dissertation are two physicochemical techniques: chemical solid-liquid separation (coagulation) and hydrodynamic cavitation with chemical stabilization. Physically and chemically transforming animal wastes to exhibit a predictable nitrogen mineralization response is an important research and development priority. Generating a stabilized and easily transportable fertilizer from manure can help reduce environmental concerns related to on-farm nutrient management and enhance the economic feasibility for dairies. Enhancing solid-liquid separation with chemical coagulants traditionally used in wastewater treatment can isolate dissolved and particulate organic matter and phosphorus from manure into stabilized solids (flocs) while leaving the plant-available ammonium-N in the liquid fraction (effluent). In this research, a range of coagulants, including metal salts and organic polymers were tested with multiple dairy process wastewaters. The effects of chemical coagulation on the composition of the separated manure fractions, and the resulting impact on greenhouse gases and nutrient cycling are extensively explored through a series of laboratory incubations of manure effluents and manure-amended soils. Anaerobic incubations of the effluent fractions were performed to determine how both removing coagulated solids from manure process wastewater or leaving coagulated manure flocs in anaerobic storage affects greenhouse gases, CH4 in particular. This simulates how greenhouse gases from anaerobic storage ponds, or lagoons, on dairies would be affected by this treatment practice. In each incubation, regardless of coagulant type or separation of solids, CH4, and/or CO2 and N2O were significantly reduced. Several aerobic soil incubations simulated how adding coagulated manure flocs or effluents would impact the nutrient cycling of chemically separated manures applied to agricultural soils. Coagulation generally tended to stabilize organic matter, and slow C, N, and P mineralization of the solid floc fraction, depending on the type of coagulant used. This could potentially increase C sequestration and reduce nutrient runoff on dairies; however, farmers would need to manage for less nutrient availability. Lastly, the potential for hydrodynamic cavitation to be employed in a dairy manure treatment system was explored. The effects of hydrodynamic cavitation on manure were to break down organic matter and increase nitrogen availability, which could help in regulating the rate of nitrogen mineralization from manure. Hydrodynamic cavitation is also used for sterilization, which could be another benefit for manure applications. However, further work is needed to determine the efficacy of hydrodynamic cavitation for treating manure at a larger scale.
Download or read book Effect of Manure Treatment of Ammonia and Greenhouse Gas Emissions During Storage and After Land Application written by Fei Sun and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book RAMIRAN 2017 Sustainable Utilisation of Manures and Residue Resources in Agriculture written by Tom Misselbrook and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-12-30 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook presents highlight papers from the 17th International conference of the Recycling of Agricultural, Municipal and Industrial Residues to Agriculture Network (RAMIRAN) that was held in Wexford, Ireland in September 2017. The book contains a broad range of papers around this multidisciplinary theme covering topics including regional and national organic resource use planning, impact of livestock diet on manure composition, fate and utilisation of excreta from grazing livestock, anaerobic digestion, overcoming barriers to resource reuse, hygienic aspects of residue recycling and impacts on soil health. The overarching theme being addressed is the sustainable recycling of organic residues to agriculture, to promote effective nutrient use and minimise environmental impact.
Download or read book Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Nitrogen Losses from Grazed Dairy and Animal Housing Systems written by Jiafa Luo and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stand-off pads and animal housing practices (i.e., animal confinement) are increasingly being used in animal grazing systems; these methods are introduced to avoid crop and soil damage, and because it makes herd management easier. The use of animal houses and stand-off pads to avoid grazing during the risk periods for nitrogen (N) losses could be an effective greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation technology, and contribute to the overall goal to reduce GHG emissions from agriculture. However, there is uncertainty about unintended consequences (or pollution swapping) from these farm systems. Such consequences include potential nitrous oxide (N2O), ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4) losses from the animal confinement facilities themselves, and following land application of effluent/manure collected from these facilities. In this book, impacts of the use of stand-off pads and animal housing on farm system GHG emissions and N losses are assessed. A literature review and targeted field surveys were conducted to investigate animal confinements and their use in the New Zealand grazing dairy farming systems (Chapter One). Data was collected from published literature and unpublished reports to assess GHG emissions, including N2O, NH3 and CH4, from animal confinements and the collection, storage and subsequent land application of the manure that was generated (Chapters Two-Four). Some potential management practices and technologies for reducing GHG emissions from animal confinements and the land application of animal manure and slurry were also evaluated (Chapters Two-Six). System analyses and life cycle assessment (LCA) studies of restricted grazing technologies were reviewed to identify the carbon footprints and cost-effectiveness of whole-farm systems associated with animal confinements (Chapters Seven and Nine). Additionally, the LCA methodology and cost effectiveness analysis were used to assess the total GHG emissions of dairy farm systems involving off-paddock facilities over the winter in Waikato and Southland in New Zealand (Chapters Eight and Ten).
Download or read book Understanding Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agricultural Management written by Lei Guo and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-04-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A valuable source of information for researchers and environmental practitioners, providing the most up-to-date information on greenhouse gas emissions from field crops and livestock animals
Download or read book Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-04-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations: Current Knowledge, Future Needs discusses the need for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to implement a new method for estimating the amount of ammonia, nitrous oxide, methane, and other pollutants emitted from livestock and poultry farms, and for determining how these emissions are dispersed in the atmosphere. The committee calls for the EPA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture to establish a joint council to coordinate and oversee short - and long-term research to estimate emissions from animal feeding operations accurately and to develop mitigation strategies. Their recommendation was for the joint council to focus its efforts first on those pollutants that pose the greatest risk to the environment and public health.
