Download or read book Grafting of Stimuli responsive Polymer Films to Ultrafiltration Membranes written by Colleen Michelle Gorey and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project focused on modifying membrane surfaces to increase fouling control while improving permeability and selectivity, resulting in membranes with longer operational lives, lower cleaning frequencies, and higher efficiencies. The modifications involved the attachment of a temperature sensitive polymer to keep the membrane from fouling. The membrane modifications, which produced a self-cleaning cellulose acetate membrane, involved grafting the surface with a thermally responsive film layer of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC). HPC possesses a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of approximately 43C. When attached to a surface, HPC forms a film, which collapses at temperatures above the LCST and expands when cooled to below the LCST. By keeping the film in a non-equilibrium state, via oscillating the temperature of the membrane surface, (as was observed by flux decline), fouling was reduced. Two surface modification techniques were tested and compared to the unmodified membrane - Method 1 and Method 2. Method 1 involved the attachment of a gel layer whereas Method 2 was the attachment of polymer structures on the surface of the membrane. Roughness measurements, using a wet atomic force microscopy (AFM) cell, and filtration experiments (to monitor flux declines) were performed at cold temperatures (25C), at hot temperatures (60C) and with temperature oscillations. The unmodified membrane had roughness values that were higher when hot and lower when cold, and it displayed flux declines under all temperature conditions when a humic solution was filtered. Since the humic solution was acting as a fouling agent, the decrease in flux indicated the membrane was fouling. When Method 1 was used, both roughness values and filtration experiments supported temperature activation. Wet Method 1 membranes at cold temperatures displayed an average roughness of 8.40 nm while at hot temperatures, the roughness decreased to 0.92 nm, supporting the hypothesis of the film being expanded at cold temperatures and collapsed at hot temperatures. Filtration experiments using the Method 1 membrane showed that flux measurements remained nearly constant at all temperature test conditions; however, initial flux values were significantly lower than the unmodified membrane due to the potential film formation within pores. On the other hand, the Method 2 showed higher initial flux values (not significantly different from the unmodified membrane) since the film was formed in solution then attached to the membrane, which was believed to be farther away from the membrane surface. Membrane roughness values for Method 2 were on average 6.80 nm and 5.02 nm for cold and hot temperatures. As with Method 1, Method 2 membranes displayed nearly no flux decline irrespective of temperature condition when a humic solution was filtered through. Even though temperature responses were more pronounced when Method 1 membranes were used as compared to the Method 2 membranes, the loss in initial fluxes due to pore blockage with Method 1 made Method 2 more advantageous. A Method 2 modified membrane would produce a self-cleaning membrane. The use of harsh chemicals during normal membrane cleaning would be avoided with the Method 2 modified membrane as a constant flux operation could be achieved using temperature oscillations only.

Download or read book Responsive Membranes and Materials written by D. Bhattacharyya and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-11-26 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of new multifunctional membranes and materials which respond to external stimuli, such as pH, temperature, light, biochemicals or magnetic or electrical signals, represents new approaches to separations, reactions, or recognitions. With multiple cooperative functions, responsive membranes and materials have applications which range from biopharmaceutical, to drug delivery systems to water treatment. This book covers recent advances in the generation and application of responsive materials and includes: Development and design of responsive membranes and materials Carbon nanotube membranes Tunable separations, reactions and nanoparticle synthesis Responsive membranes for water treatment Pore-filled membranes for drug release Biologically-inspired responsive materials and hydrogels Biomimetic polymer gels Responsive Membranes and Materials provides a cutting-edge resource for researchers and scientists in membrane science and technology, as well as specialists in separations, biomaterials, bionanotechnology, drug delivery, polymers, and functional materials.

Download or read book Stimuli Responsive Polymeric Membranes written by Mihir Kumar Purkait and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-11 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stimuli Responsive Polymeric Membranes: Smart Polymeric Membranes explains the fundamentals and advances in topics relating to the field of membrane science. It elaborately explains concepts relating to stimuli responsive membranes, with special importance given down to minute details. Material selection, preparation, characterization and applications of various stimuli responsive membranes are extensively addressed, and their relevance (including examples) is included. The book covers history and development, merits and demerits, mechanisms of transport and fouling, applicability of membranes to various diverse areas, and preparation and characterization techniques of membranes. Next, the concept of fouling and its remedial actions is discussed. Finally, promising fields of research in the membrane science and future perspectives of membrane science field are explored. Provides basic and advanced knowledge of smart membranes, considering their morphological, physicochemical and separation characteristics Written in a clear and lucid style, keeping a diverse audience in mind Based on the state-of-art research of the authors

Download or read book Current Trends and Future Developments on Bio Membranes written by Angelo Basile and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-01-15 with total page 919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes: Engineering with Membranes discusses various aspects of membrane engineering. This includes, but is not limited to, the role of membranes in food production, treatment and recovery, their applications in electrochemical processes and devices, in drug delivery and in ionic materials, such as salts, acids and bases, recovery. In addition, this book approaches the above topics in a different angle than the existing publications, i.e., reviews technical difficulties, environmental challenges and economic analysis. Membranes are one of the technologies which can affect various aspects of engineering dealing with feeds and products. Membranes demonstrate selective purifying properties, hence, membranes can help in the removal of various pollutants onsite and without the need of adding extra units and apparatuses. Besides that, membranes help reactions shift forward and make the whole process more efficient. Describes the role of membrane in food production, treatment and purification Discusses the membrane applications in electronic processes and electrochemical devices Covers membranes in drug delivery systems and drug industries Reviews membranes in ionic materials recovery, such as salts, acids and bases

Download or read book Study on Characteristic Stimuli Responsive Polymer Thin Films written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Materials for Membrane Fabrication and Modification written by Stephen Gray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-30 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membranes are an energy efficient separation technology that are now the basis for many water treatment and food processing applications. However, there is the potential to improve the operating performance of these separations and to extend the application of membranes to energy production, gas separations, organic solvent-based separations, and biomedical applications through novel membrane materials. This book contains 20 chapters written by leading academic researchers on membrane fabrication and modification techniques and provides a comprehensive overview on the recent developments of membrane technology. Membranes can be manufactured from a range of materials including polymeric compounds, and ceramic materials, and both these materials are considered in the book. There are 5 chapters on water and wastewater membranes that cover the fabrication of thin film (TFC) composite membranes for nanofiltration(NF)/reverse osmosis (RO)/forward osmosis (FO) applications, stimuli responsive membranes, electrospun membranes, porous ceramic membranes, and polymeric ultrafiltration (UF) manufacture and modification. There are another 6 chapters on gas separation that consider carbon membranes, zeolite membranes, silica template and metal oxide silica membranes, TFC membranes, silica membranes, and metal organic framework (MOF) membranes. Zeolite membranes are also considered for organic solvent applications, as are solvent-resistant membranes manufactured by phase inversion, ceramic-supported composite membranes, and ceramic NF membranes. The emerging areas of membranes for energy and biomedical applications have 3 and 2 chapters, respectively. Energy applications consider ion exchange membranes for use in fuel cells, membranes for electrodialysis, and membranes for use in microbial fuel cells. For biomedical applications the chapters focus on hemodialysis membranes and redox responsive membranes.

Download or read book pH Responsive Membranes written by Randeep Singh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an application-oriented approach for pH responsive membranes and types of stimuli-responsive membranes and their applications in the biomedical field including initial development and recent use. It explains types, modes, and modification methods of membranes, along with membrane usage in applications such as drug delivery, hemodialysis, chemical sensing, and so forth. pH Responsive Membranes: Biomedical Applications explores recent research carried out in the area as well as the future outlook, and provides deeper insight for readers on the subject, ranging from the basics to advanced levels on the topic. Features Describes preparation, characterization, and applications of pH responsive membranes in biomedical applications Introduces theoretical understanding of pH responsiveness Covers development of advanced techniques regarding pH responsive membranes Provides insight into development of new materials and membranes Discusses advancements in drug delivery, hemodialysis, antibodies and enzyme production, chemical sensing, and selective ionic transport using pH responsive membranes This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers involved in membrane and chemical engineering/polymer exploration, and medical researchers.

Download or read book Comprehensive Membrane Science and Engineering written by Enrico Drioli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 1709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Membrane Science and Engineering, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is an interdisciplinary and innovative reference work on membrane science and technology. Written by leading researchers and industry professionals from a range of backgrounds, chapters elaborate on recent and future developments in the field of membrane science and explore how the field has advanced since the previous edition published in 2010. Chapters are written by academics and practitioners across a variety of fields, including chemistry, chemical engineering, material science, physics, biology and food science. Each volume covers a wide spectrum of applications and advanced technologies, such as new membrane materials (e.g. thermally rearranged polymers, polymers of intrinsic microporosity and new hydrophobic fluoropolymer) and processes (e.g. reverse electrodialysis, membrane contractors, membrane crystallization, membrane condenser, membrane dryers and membrane emulsifiers) that have only recently proved their full potential for industrial application. This work covers the latest advances in membrane science, linking fundamental research with real-life practical applications using specially selected case studies of medium and large-scale membrane operations to demonstrate successes and failures with a look to future developments in the field. Contains comprehensive, cutting-edge coverage, helping readers understand the latest theory Offers readers a variety of perspectives on how membrane science and engineering research can be best applied in practice across a range of industries Provides the theory behind the limits, advantages, future developments and failure expectations of local membrane operations in emerging countries

Download or read book Concise Encyclopedia of Biomedical Polymers and Polymeric Biomaterials written by Munmaya Mishra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-08-16 with total page 1800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Concise Encyclopedia of Biomedical Polymers and Polymeric Biomaterials presents new and selected content from the 11-volume Biomedical Polymers and Polymeric Biomaterials Encyclopedia. The carefully culled content includes groundbreaking work from the earlier published work as well as exclusive online material added since its publication in print. A diverse and global team of renowned scientists provide cutting edge information concerning polymers and polymeric biomaterials. Acknowledging the evolving nature of the field, the encyclopedia also features newly added content in areas such as tissue engineering, tissue repair and reconstruction, and biomimetic materials.

Download or read book Membranes and Membrane Technologies III written by Juan Manuel Peralta-Hernández and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2024-03-15 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aggregated Book

Download or read book Radiation Technologies and Applications in Materials Science written by Subhendu Ray Chowdhury and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-30 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains various kinds of non-ionizing and high-energy radiations, their interaction with materials and chemical reactions, and conditions of various kinds of materials development technologies including applications. It covers a processing-structure-property relationship and radiations used in developing many advanced materials used in various fields. It highlights application-oriented materials synthesis and modification covering a wide variety of materials such as plastics, rubber, thermo-set, ceramics, and so forth by various radiations. Features: Explains ionizing and non-ionizing radiation-assisted materials development technologies, for polymers, ceramics, metals, and carbons. Covers radiation-assisted synthesis, processing, and modification of all kinds of materials. Provides comparative studies, merits, demerits, and applications very systematically. Criss-crosses polymers science and technology, radiation technology, advanced materials technology, biomaterials technology, and so forth. Includes a section on 3D printing by LASER melting of CoCr alloys. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in materials science, radiation chemistry and physics, and polymer and other materials processing.

Download or read book Chemoresponsive Materials written by Hans-Jörg Schneider and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-07-13 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart materials stimulated by chemical or biological signals are of interest for their many applications including drug delivery, as well as in new sensors and actuators for environmental monitoring, process and food control, and medicine. In contrast to other books on responsive materials, this volume concentrates on materials which are stimulated by chemical or biological signals. Chemoresponsive Materials introduces the area with chapters covering different responsive material systems including hydrogels, organogels, membranes, thin layers, polymer brushes, chemomechanical and imprinted polymers, nanomaterials, silica particles, as well as carbohydrate- and bio-based systems. Many promising applications are highlighted, with an emphasis on drug delivery, sensors and actuators. With contributions from internationally known experts, the book will appeal to graduate students and researchers in academia, healthcare and industry interested in functional materials and their applications.

Download or read book Handbook of RAFT Polymerization written by Christopher Barner-Kowollik and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-09-08 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spanning the entire field from fundamentals to applications in material science, this one-stop source is the first comprehensive reference for polymer, physical and surface chemists, materials scientists, chemical engineers, and those chemists working in industry. From the contents: * Introduction: Living Free Radical Polymerization and the RAFT Process * Fundamental Structure-Reactivity Correlations Governing the RAFT Process * Mechanism and Kinetics * The RAFT Process as a Kinetic Tool * Theory and Practice in Technical Applications * RAFT Polymerization in Bulk and Organic Solvents, as well as Homogeneous Aqueous Systems * Emulsion and Mini-Emulsion Polymerization * Complex Architecture Design * Macromolecular Design via the Interchange of Xanthates * Surface Modification * Stability and Physical Properties of RAFT Polymers * Novel Materials: From Drug Delivery to Opto-Electronics * Outlook and Future Developments

Download or read book Stimuli Responsive Dewetting Wetting Smart Surfaces and Interfaces written by Atsushi Hozumi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-16 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Superhydrophobic surfaces, artificially mimicking lotus leaves, have captured the attention of scientists and engineers over the past few decades. Recent trends have shifted from superhydrophobicity to superominipohobicity, or superamphiphobicity. In addition, dynamic rather than static surface wetting/dewetting properties, which can be triggered by various stimuli, including temperature, pH, magnetic/electric fields, solvents, light exposure etc, have been highly sought after for commercial applications. This book will focus on recent topics related to various stimuli-responsive wetting/dewetting surfaces, and give an overview of the knowledge and concepts of how to design and establish these smart artificial surfaces, which can be used for technical developments in a wide variety research fields.

Download or read book Artificially Intelligent Nanomaterials for Environmental Engineering written by Peng Wang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-18 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents novel, nanotechnology-based solutions for urgent environmental engineering problems Clear and concise from beginning to end, this book focuses on the design and application of artificially intelligent nanomaterials, which help in solving many tangible environmental problems?especially water and air pollution. It lays out the design concepts, major chemical principles, and materials considerations of artificially intelligent nanomaterials for environmental engineering, and provides proof-of-concept examples such as improved filtration membranes, nanofibrous air filters, and molecularly imprinted nanomaterials. Artificially Intelligent Nanomaterials: For Environmental Engineering starts by describing the background of environmental nanotechnology, the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the current status of AI in environmental engineering. It then looks at: intelligently functional materials and responsive mechanisms; designing filtration membranes with responsive gates; switchable wettability materials for controllable oil/water separation; and self-healing materials for environmental applications. The book continues with chapters that examine: emerging nanofibrous air filters for PM2.5 removal; self-propelled nanomotors for environmental applications; molecular imprinting in wastewater treatment; and emerging synergistically multifunctional and all-in-one nanomaterials and nanodevices in advanced environmental applications. -Presents the state-of-the-art in environmental technology and puts forward bold ideas for its advancement -Addresses global challenges, including all important water and air quality which are critical for human health and a sustainable future -Concentrates on nanotechnology-enabled solutions for pollutant removal from water and air Artificially Intelligent Nanomaterials: For Environmental Engineering is an ideal book for undergraduates, graduates, scientists, and professionals in the fields of environmental science, material science, chemistry, and chemistry engineering.

Download or read book World Scientific Reference Of Water Science The In 3 Volumes written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-09-16 with total page 1446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water is an indispensable resource for our society. Essential to sustaining life and economic prosperity, water is also the basic component for manufacturing almost everything to keep society alive, including energy, food, clothing, cars, and electronics, among many other examples. It is, thus, an integral part of our lives beyond simply quenching our thirst. In addition, our future economy and security highly depend upon the availability of clean water. Yet given its critical importance, there is a limited supply of renewable freshwater across the globe and there is no substitute. Global population and economic growth, urbanization, and climate change further exacerbate the increasing stress on freshwater supplies. As such, society urgently needs to find the scientific and engineering solutions to more efficiently manage our precious water resources. The volumes of this multi-volume reference cover the latest scientific advancements and solutions in managing and treating this crucial resource.Related Link(s)

Download or read book Advanced Nanomaterials for Membrane Synthesis and Its Applications written by Woei Jye Lau and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-21 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Nanomaterials for Membrane Synthesis and Its Applications provides the academic and industrial communities the most up-to-date information on the latest trends in membrane nanomaterials and membrane nanotechnology used in wastewater treatment, environmental technology and energy. The rapid advances in nanomaterials and nanotechnology development over the past decade have resulted in significant growth of the membrane business for various industrial processes, particularly in nanotechnology-based membrane processes. While membrane technology is increasingly being used for liquid and gas separations, it has great potential in a variety of additional applications. As the worldwide academic community has a strong interest in advanced membrane processes, particularly membrane nanotechnology for specific separations, this book provides a timely update on the topic. Presents a unique focus on the use of advanced nanomaterials in membrane fabrication/modification, and in the description of membrane nanotechnologies, such as nanofiltration, thin film nanocomposites and nanofibers for various applications Describes next generation membranes, providing first resource details on the development and commercialization stages of these new membranes Represents the state-of-the-art on the use of nanomaterials in membrane science