Download or read book Gradient HPLC of Copolymers and Chromatographic Cross Fractionation written by Gottfried Glöckner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The problems involved in separating complex macromolecules require under standing not only the chromatographic process but also the physicochemical behavior of the solutes." This sentence from the pen of Phyllis R. Brown 1, University of Rhode Island, can certainly be applied to synthetic copolymers whose structure is very complex indeed. Thus it may be forgiven that a book on copolymer HPLC has been written not by a trained chromatographer but by someone from the polymer side. The HPLC of synthetic polymers is often understood to mean only a synonym for size exclusion chromatography. The latter method separates polymers according to the size of the macromolecules and enables the molecular weight distribution of a sample to be evaluated. But as early as 1936, Mark and Saito attempted chromatographic fractionation of cellulose acetate on a charcoal-like adsorbent made from blood. HPLC adsorption chromatography was first applied to copolymer analysis by Teramachi et al. in 1979. Since then, another branch of polymer HPLC has arisen which has the capacity of separating copolymers by composition and enables the chemical composition distribution to be evaluated. The technique requires a suitable elution program and is mainly carried out as gradient elution.
Download or read book HPLC of Polymers written by Harald Pasch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers are mainly characterized by molar mass, chemical composition, functionality and architecture. The determination of the complex structure of polymers by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods is one of the major concerns of polymer analysis and characterization. This lab manual describes the experimental approach to the chromatographic analysis of polymers. Different chromatographic methods, their theoretical background, equipment, experimental procedures and applications are discussed. The book will enable polymer chemists, physicists and material scientists as well as students of macromolecular and analytical science to optimize chromatographic conditions for a specific separation problem. Special emphasis is given to the description of applications for homo- and copolymers and polymer blends.
Download or read book Liquid Chromatography of Synthetic Polymers written by Muhammad Imran Malik and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-03 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book elucidates the peculiar phenomenon of entropy/enthalpy compensation that takes place in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of polymers. Numerous publications, including some books, are devoted to molecular characterization of synthetic polymers, materials presently produced in large and steadily growing quantities, applying methods of HPLC. A knowledge of the molecular characteristics of polymers is indispensable, not only for their proper applications but also for their recycling and remediation. Polymer scientists generally focus on synthesis and potential applications of polymers while not giving due attention to an important central link, their comprehensive characterization in context of development of structure-property correlations. To fill this gap is one of the aims of the present book. The process of entropy/enthalpy compensation plays a decisive role in the advanced method of polymer characterization such as liquid chromatography at critical conditions, eluent gradient interaction chromatography, and temperature gradient interaction chromatography. All chemists working on any aspect of polymer science will find this book a valuable resource for the development of structure-property correlations.
Download or read book Handbook of Methods and Instrumentation in Separation Science written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-11-11 with total page 881 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Methods and Instrumentation in Separation Science, Volume 1 provides concise overviews and summaries of the main methods used for separation. It is based on the Encyclopedia of Separation Science. The handbook focuses on the principles of methods and instrumentation. It provides general concepts concerning the subject matter; it does not present specific procedures. This volume discusses the separation processes including affinity methods, analytical ultracentrifugation, centrifugation, chromatography, and use of decanter centrifuge and dye. Each methodology is defined and compared with other separation processes. It also provides specific techniques, principles, and theories concerning each process. Furthermore, the handbook presents the applications, benefits, and validation of the processes described in this book. This handbook is an excellent reference for biomedical researchers, environmental and production chemists, flavor and fragrance technologists, food and beverage technologists, academic and industrial librarians, and nuclear researchers. Students and novices will also find this handbook useful for practice and learning. - One-stop source for information on separation methods - General overviews for quick orientation - Ease of use for finding results fast - Expert coverage of major separation methods - Coverage of techniques for all sizes of samples, pico-level to kilo-level
Download or read book Molecular Characterization of Polymers written by Muhammad Imran Malik and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Characterization of Polymers presents a range of advanced and cutting-edge methods for the characterization of polymers at the molecular level, guiding the reader through theory, fundamentals, instrumentation, and applications, and supporting the end goal of efficient material selection and improved material performance. Each chapter focuses on a specific technique or family of techniques, including the different areas of chromatography, field flow fractionation, long chain branching, static and dynamic light scattering, mass spectrometry, NMR, X-Ray and neutron scattering, polymer dilute solution viscometry, microscopy, and vibrational spectroscopy. In each case, in-depth coverage explains how to successfully implement and utilize the technique. This practical resource is highly valuable to researchers and advanced students in polymer science, materials science, and engineering, and to those from other disciplines and industries who are unfamiliar with polymer characterization techniques. - Introduces a range of advanced characterization methods, covering aspects such as molecular weight, polydispersity, branching, composition, and tacticity - Enables the reader to understand and to compare the available technique, and implement the selected technique(s), with a view to improving properties of the polymeric material - Establishes a strong link between basic principles, characterization techniques, and real-life applications
Download or read book Liquid Chromatography written by Salvatore Fanali and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-01-08 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A single source of authoritative information on all aspects of the practice of modern liquid chromatography suitable for advanced students and professionals working in a laboratory or managerial capacity - Chapters written by authoritative and visionary experts in the field provide an overview and focused treatment of a single topic - Each chapter emphasizes the integration of chromatographic methods and sample preparation, automation, and explains how liquid chromatography is used in different industrial sectors - Focuses on expanding and illustrating the main features of the fundamental section, while demonstrating where and how the best practices of liquid chromatography are utilized - Comprehensive coverage of modern liquid chromatography from theory, to methods, to selected applications - Thorough selected references and tables with commonly used data to facilitate research, practical work, comparison of results, and decision making
Download or read book Chemical Analysis of Polymers written by G. Lawson and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 1991-12 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multidimensional HPLC of Polymers written by Harald Pasch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-12 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the principle ideas of combining different analytical techniques in multi-dimensional analysis schemes. It reviews the basic principles and instrumentation of multi-dimensional chromatography and the hyphenation of liquid chromatography with selective spectroscopic detectors and presents experimental protocols for the analysis of complex polymers. It is the consequent continuation of "HPLC of Polymers" from 1999 by the same authors. Like its 'predecessor', this book discusses the theoretical background, equipment, experimental procedures and applications for each separation technique, but in contrast treats multi-dimensional and coupled techniques. "Multidimensional HPLC of Polymers" intends to review the state of the art in polymer chromatography and to summarize the developments in the field during the last 15 years. With its tutorial and laboratory manual style it is written for beginners as well as for experienced chromatographers, and will enable its readers (polymer chemists, physicists and material scientists, as well as students of polymer and analytical sciences) to optimize the experimental conditions for their specific separation problems.
Download or read book Liquid Chromatography written by W. Radke and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-01-08 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade, the use of interaction chromatography and hyphenated techniques has become increasingly important for the characterization of polymeric materials. Interaction chromatography allows separation by other structural features than molar mass, while hyphenation with mass spectroscopy or spectroscopic techniques provides detailed characterization of the separated chromatographic fractions. This chapter gives an overview of the principles and applications of interaction chromatography and the information that can be determined by hyphenation of polymer chromatography with mass spectrometry and spectroscopic techniques.
Download or read book Charged Aerosol Detection for Liquid Chromatography and Related Separation Techniques written by Paul H. Gamache and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book devoted exclusively to a highly popular, relatively new detection technique Charged Aerosol Detection for Liquid Chromatography and Related Separation Techniques presents a comprehensive review of CAD theory, describes its advantages and limitations, and offers extremely well-informed recommendations for its practical use. Using numerous real-world examples based on contributors’ professional experiences, it provides priceless insights into the actual and potential applications of CAD across a wide range of industries. Charged aerosol detection can be combined with a variety of separation techniques and in numerous configurations. While it has been widely adapted for an array of industrial and research applications with great success, it is still a relatively new technique, and its fundamental performance characteristics are not yet fully understood. This book is intended as a tool for scientists seeking to identify the most effective and efficient uses of charged aerosol detection for a given application. Moving naturally from basic to advanced topics, the author relates fundamental principles, practical uses, and applications across a range of industrial settings, including pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, biotech, and more. Offers timely, authoritative coverage of the theory, experimental techniques, and end-user applications of charged aerosol detection Includes contributions from experts from various fields of applications who explore CAD’s advantages over traditional HPLC techniques, as well its limitations Provides a current theoretical and practical understanding of CAD, derived from authorities on aerosol technology and separation sciences Features numerous real-world examples that help relate fundamental properties and general operational variables of CAD to its performance in a variety of conditions Charged Aerosol Detection for Liquid Chromatography and Related Separation Techniques is a valuable resource for scientists who use chromatographic techniques in academic research and across an array of industrial settings, including the biopharmaceutical, biotechnology, biofuel, chemical, environmental, and food and beverage industries, among others.
Download or read book Size Exclusion Chromatography written by Sadao Mori and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is perhaps the most popular and widely used technique for determining the molecular weight distribution of polymeric materials, there have been very few texts written on this topic. During the past decade, SEC has experienced a considerable amount of growth in regard to column and detector technology and new applications. With these advances, SEC can now be used for determining absolute molecular weight, polymer chain conformation and size, and branching, as well as polymer solution properties. This book introduces the reader to the fundamentals of SEC with emphasis on practical aspects of the technique, such as column and mobile selection, calibration, new detector capabilities and guidelines for performing SEC on most types of polymers, especially those of industrial importance. This book is intended for either those new to the field of SEC, or for those research workers who require a more comprehensive background.
Download or read book High Performance Gradient Elution written by Lloyd R. Snyder and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-01-09 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gradient elution demystified Of the various ways in which chromatography is applied today, few have been as misunderstood as the technique of gradient elution, which presents many challenges compared to isocratic separation. When properly explained, however, gradient elution can be less difficult to understand and much easier to use than often assumed. Written by two well-known authorities in liquid chromatography, High-Performance Gradient Elution: The Practical Application of the Linear-Solvent-Strength Model takes the mystery out of the practice of gradient elution and helps remove barriers to the practical application of this important separation technique. The book presents a systematic approach to the current understanding of gradient elution, describing theory, methodology, and applications across many of the fields that use liquid chromatography as a primary analytical tool. This up-to-date, practical, and comprehensive treatment of gradient elution: * Provides specific, step-by-step recommendations for developing a gradient separation for any sample * Describes the best approach for troubleshooting problems with gradient methods * Guides the reader on the equipment used for gradient elution * Lists which conditions should be varied first during method development, and explains how to interpret scouting gradients * Explains how to avoid problems in transferring gradient methods With a focus on the use of linear solvent strength (LSS) theory for predicting gradient LC behavior and separations by reversed-phase HPLC, High-Performance Gradient Elution gives every chromatographer access to this useful tool.
Download or read book Handbook Of Size Exclusion Chromatography And Related Techniques written by Chi-San Wu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-11-04 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Documenting critical advances in this rapidly evolving field, the Second Edition highlights the need for new applications and technologies that assist in the determination of molecular weight and molecular weight distributions of polymers in an accurate, efficient manner. This volume presents the latest findings from a international team of specialists and continues to inspire and extend practical applications of size exclusion chromatography (SEC). It includes six new chapters covering high-speed size exclusion chromatography, SEC of low molecular weight materials, and the extended family of techniques, from two-dimensional liquid chromatography to high osmotic pressure chromatography.
Download or read book Characterisation of Copolymers written by and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 1995 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polymer Fractionation written by Frieder Francuskiewicz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fractionation of polymers via solubility has been a well known method in polymer characterization for a long time. The original object of analytical fractionations, the determination of the molecular weight distribution, is nowadays achieved more efficiently and conveniently by chromatographic methods. However, fractionation procedures, which were developed in great diversity, remain up~to-date and essential for obtaining preparative fractions with narrow distributions. Such fractions are wanted increasingly for the investigation of true structure-property relationships which are mostly influ~ enced by distributions of molecular weight or other parameters such as branching or chemical composition. Literature on the field of polymer fractionation is extensive and several reviews exist. However, there is a lack of systematically methodical instruc tions for carrying-out of diverse fractionation procedures. This volume repre sents an attempt to reduce this deficiency and is focussed on practical aspects of fractionation procedures. This laboratory manual is intended for polymer chemists, physicists, and technicians, for students of polymer science, and skilled laboratory assistants, all of whom are not dealing directly with fractionation but are in need of fractions to carry out further investigations.
Download or read book High Throughput Analysis written by Radislav A. Potyrailo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, edited by Potyrailo and Amis, addresses a new paradigm-shifting approach in the search for new materials-Combinatorial Materials Science. One way to consider such an approach is to imagine an adventurous chef who decides to look for new entrees by cooking food ingredients in many pots using different combinations in every pot, and boil ing, steaming, or frying them in various ways. Although most of the pots will not have the tastiest food ever devised, some recipes will taste intriguing, and some eventually will lead to a discovery of a new fascinating cuisine. Of course, having a skilled chef design the com binatorial formulation will certainly be helpful in ensuring a successful outcome. Similar to food, each engineering material is a complex product of its chemical composition, structure, and processing. Generally, each of these components matters---change one and you get another material. Most of these "new" materials will be less good than ones we use now since existing materials have been refined with the extensive work of scientists and engi neers. At the same time if one prepares diverse materials like our adventurous chef, chang ing material composition, processing conditions and time, etc. , some of these materials will be superior to existing ones and a few might represent breakout technology.
Download or read book Characterization and Analysis of Polymers written by Wiley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-02-08 with total page 987 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on Wiley's renowned Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology, this book provides coverage of key methods of characterization of the physical and chemical properties of polymers, including atomic force microscopy, chromatographic methods, laser light scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermal analysis, among others. Written by prominent scholars from around the world, this reference presents over twenty-five self -contained articles on the most used analytical techniques currently practiced in polymer science.
