Download or read book Goal directed Behavior written by Henk Aarts and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2012. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Goal Directed Decision Making written by Richard W. Morris and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Goal-Directed Decision Making: Computations and Neural Circuits examines the role of goal-directed choice. It begins with an examination of the computations performed by associated circuits, but then moves on to in-depth examinations on how goal-directed learning interacts with other forms of choice and response selection. This is the only book that embraces the multidisciplinary nature of this area of decision-making, integrating our knowledge of goal-directed decision-making from basic, computational, clinical, and ethology research into a single resource that is invaluable for neuroscientists, psychologists and computer scientists alike. The book presents discussions on the broader field of decision-making and how it has expanded to incorporate ideas related to flexible behaviors, such as cognitive control, economic choice, and Bayesian inference, as well as the influences that motivation, context and cues have on behavior and decision-making. - Details the neural circuits functionally involved in goal-directed decision-making and the computations these circuits perform - Discusses changes in goal-directed decision-making spurred by development and disorders, and within real-world applications, including social contexts and addiction - Synthesizes neuroscience, psychology and computer science research to offer a unique perspective on the central and emerging issues in goal-directed decision-making
Download or read book Goal Directed Behavior written by Michael Frese and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-29 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1985, this book was an attempt at a comprehensive review of the psychology of action in various areas of psychology. It is also an attempt to bridge two languages and traditions in psychology: German and Anglo-American. Although Anglo-American psychology had had an enormous influence on German psychology, the influence had not gone the other way around – at least not in recent years. Therefore, this book attempts to get the two traditions to speak with each other. The main article, from one language area, and the following discussion, from the other language area, together result in an extensive treatment of an action-theoretic approach in the respective psychological area; thus, both the main article and "discussion" should be read together.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Hope written by Matthew W. Gallagher and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hope has long been a topic of interest for psychologists, philosophers, educators, and physicians. In the past few decades, researchers from various disciplines and from around the world have studied how hope relates to superior academic performance, improved outcomes in the workplace, and improved psychological and physical health in individuals of all ages. Edited by Matthew W. Gallagher and the late Shane J. Lopez, The Oxford Handbook of Hope provides readers with a thorough and comprehensive update on the past 25 years of hope research while simultaneously providing an outline of what leading hope researchers believe the future of this line of research to be. In this extraordinary volume, Gallagher, Lopez, and their expert team of contributors discuss such topics as how best to define hope, how hope is distinguished from related philosophical and psychological constructs, what the current best practices are for measuring and quantifying hope, interventions and strategies for promoting hope across a variety of settings, the impact it has on physical and mental health, and the ways in which hope promotes positive functioning. Throughout its pages, these experts review what is currently known about hope and identify the topics and questions that will help guide the next decade of research ahead.
Download or read book Vision and Goal Directed Movement written by Digby Elliott and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2010-02-05 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vision and Goal-Directed Movement: Neurobehavioral Perspectives is also available as an e-book. The e-book is available at a reduced price and allows readers to highlight and take notes throughout the text. When purchased through the Human Kinetics Web site, access to the e-book is immediately granted when the order is received. To interact with the environment, an individual must code, store, and translate spatial information into the appropriate motor commands for achieving an outcome. Working from this premise, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement: Neurobehavioral Perspectives discusses how visual perception, attention, and memory are linked to the processes of movement preparation and execution. With contributions from active researchers in movement science, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement presents the latest theories on the utilization of vision in goal-directed movement control. As a resource for motor control and motor learning researchers, students, educators, and clinicians, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement offers the following: • Comprehensive coverage of current behavior-based literature on the visual control of goal-directed movement • A systematic explication of the sensory and physiological processes and systems responsible for fast, accurate, and efficient performance • A solid foundation for further study of the sensory and neural systems responsible for precise goal-directed behavior • A discussion of how current research on vision and goal-directed movement can assist in creating efficient and safe work environments Using research informed by neural imaging and magnetic brain stimulation, this text provides readers with a better understanding of the neural foundations for goal-directed movement, illustrates the flexibility of the human visuomotor system, and discusses how regulation of movements depends on the learning and developmental history of the performer. It begins by reviewing the works of R.S. Woodworth and the influence of his theories on current research. The majority of the chapters in the first section of the book take a behavioral and process-oriented approach to exploring goal-directed movement. The text then explores the sensory and neural foundations for goal-directed action, including issues related to both pursuit and saccadic eye movements as well as discussion of the specialization of various cortical systems for the regulation of movement. Especially relevant to professionals and scientists concerned with skill instruction and rehabilitation, the final part of the text provides a review of recent research on how and why limb control changes occur with practice and development. In addition, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement considers how the research presented can maximize precision, efficiency, and safety in workspace design. Vision and Goal-Directed Movement: Neurobehavioral Perspectives adds a unique offering to the literature base for motor behavior, demonstrating how advances in both behavioral and neurophysiological methods can inform theories related to the biological systems contributing to skilled performance.
Download or read book Interpersonal Skills written by John Hayes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interpersonal skills are goal-directed behaviours used in face-to-face interactions, which are effective in bringing about a desired state of affairs. John Hayes argues that a distinguishing factor between the successful and unsuccessful manager is his or her level of interpersonal competence. Research has demonstrated that people who are able to consciously manage the way they relate to others are much more successful in terms of achieving their goals. With this in mind Interpersonal Skills aims at increasing our awareness of those techniques which will help us to manage working relationships more effectively. The author explains clearly, using practical examples and illustrations, how we can learn to read the actual or potential behaviour of others around us and use this knowledge to our advantage in the workplace. John Hayes suggests techniques for improving management performance in a number of key areas: * Listening and interpreting non-verbal messages * Information-getting and presenting * Negotiating and influencing * Working in group situations
Download or read book The Evolution of Cognition written by Cecilia M. Heyes and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade, "evolutionary psychology" has come to refer exclusively to research on human mentality and behavior, motivated by a nativist interpretation of how evolution operates. This book encompasses the behavior and mentality of nonhuman as well as human animals and a full range of evolutionary approaches. Rather than a collection by and for the like-minded, it is a debate about how evolutionary processes have shaped cognition. The debate is divided into five sections: Orientations, on the phylogenetic, ecological, and psychological/comparative approaches to the evolution of cognition; Categorization, on how various animals parse their environments, how they represent objects and events and the relations among them; Causality, on whether and in what ways nonhuman animals represent cause and effect relationships; Consciousness, on whether it makes sense to talk about the evolution of consciousness and whether the phenomenon can be investigated empirically in nonhuman animals; and Culture, on the cognitive requirements for nongenetic transmission of information and the evolutionary consequences of such cultural exchange. ContributorsBernard Balleine, Patrick Bateson, Michael J. Beran, M. E. Bitterman, Robert Boyd, Nicola Clayton, Juan Delius, Anthony Dickinson, Robin Dunbar, D.P. Griffiths, Bernd Heinrich, Cecilia Heyes, William A. Hillix, Ludwig Huber, Nicholas Humphrey, Masako Jitsumori, Louis Lefebvre, Nicholas Mackintosh, Euan M. Macphail, Peter Richerson, Duane M. Rumbaugh, Sara Shettleworth, Martina Siemann, Kim Sterelny, Michael Tomasello, Laura Weiser, Alexandra Wells, Carolyn Wilczynski, David Sloan Wilson
Download or read book Animal Thinking written by Randolf Menzel and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011-11-04 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts from psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, ecology, and evolutionary biology assess the field of animal cognition. Do animals have cognitive maps? Do they possess knowledge? Do they plan for the future? Do they understand that others have mental lives of their own? This volume provides a state-of-the-art assessment of animal cognition, with experts from psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, ecology, and evolutionary biology addressing these questions in an integrative fashion. It summarizes the latest research, identifies areas where consensus has been reached, and takes on current controversies. Over the last thirty years, the field has shifted from the collection of anecdotes and the pursuit of the subjective experience of animals to a rigorous, hypothesis-driven experimental approach. Taking a skeptical stance, this volume stresses the notion that in many cases relatively simple rules may account for rather complex and flexible behaviors. The book critically evaluates current concepts and puts a strong focus on the psychological mechanisms that underpin animal behavior. It offers comparative analyses that reveal common principles as well as adaptations that evolved in particular species in response to specific selective pressures. It assesses experimental approaches to the study of animal navigation, decision making, social cognition, and communication and suggests directions for future research. The book promotes a research program that seeks to understand animals' cognitive abilities and behavioral routines as individuals and as members of social groups.
Download or read book Neural Basis of Motivational and Cognitive Control written by Rogier B. Mars and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multidisciplinary overview of key approaches in the study of cognitive control and decision making.
Download or read book Adolescent Risk Behavior and Self Regulation written by Franz Resch and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-12 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the idea that increasing juvenile risk behaviours – like substance abuse, nonsuicidal self-injury, and antisocial or suicidal behaviour – allow adolescents to fulfill developmental tasks like identity-formation and regulation of self-worth. Narcissistic self-exploitation, mobility tasks, flexibility and the challenges of new media exert social pressure on parental figures, distracting and putting strain on their mental resources, which in turn changes and even destroys the emotional dialogue with their offspring. If children themselves experience neglect and lack of emotional bonding - resulting in a lack of self-regulating capacities – risk behaviours are the consequence. The book combines different views in the psychological, social and metatheoretical domains. It consists of three parts: developmental problems of young people, diagnosis of risk behaviours in the nosological framework, and presentation of new morbidity with an increase in symptom prevalence. The book also discusses the threat of the acceleration of social processes and the risks of postmodern society.
Download or read book Social Motivation written by Joseph P. Forgas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sample Text
Download or read book Behavioral Neuroscience of Motivation written by Eleanor H. Simpson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-11 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers the current status of research in the neurobiology of motivated behaviors in humans and other animals in healthy condition. This includes consideration of the psychological processes that drive motivated behavior and the anatomical, electrophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms which drive these processes and regulate behavioural output. The volume also includes chapters on pathological disturbances in motivation including apathy, or motivational deficit as well as addictions, the pathological misdirection of motivated behavior. As with the chapters on healthy motivational processes, the chapters on disease provide a comprehensive up to date review of the neurobiological abnormalities that underlie motivation, as determined by studies of patient populations as well as animal models of disease. The book closes with a section on recent developments in treatments for motivational disorders.
Download or read book The Handbook of Behavior Change written by Martin S. Hagger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-15 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social problems in many domains, including health, education, social relationships, and the workplace, have their origins in human behavior. The documented links between behavior and social problems have compelled governments and organizations to prioritize and mobilize efforts to develop effective, evidence-based means to promote adaptive behavior change. In recognition of this impetus, The Handbook of Behavior Change provides comprehensive coverage of contemporary theory, research, and practice on behavior change. It summarizes current evidence-based approaches to behavior change in chapters authored by leading theorists, researchers, and practitioners from multiple disciplines, including psychology, sociology, behavioral science, economics, philosophy, and implementation science. It is the go-to resource for researchers, students, practitioners, and policy makers looking for current knowledge on behavior change and guidance on how to develop effective interventions to change behavior.
Download or read book Motivation and Self Regulation Across the Life Span written by Jutta Heckhausen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-10-28 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A group of internationally renowned scholars discuss their research on motivation.
Download or read book The Neural and Behavioural Organization of Goal directed Movements written by Marc Jeannerod and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1990 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Goal-directed movement is central to the relationship between brain and behavior in humans and other animals. This book presents a detailed investigation of the topic, one that integrates psychology and physiology. The author's account is based on a large body of experimental data from human and animal work, with particular emphasis on clinical cases. It probes such questions as: Are complex movements organized on the same mode as simple ones? How rigidly organized are coordinated actions like orienting or grasping? Where do visual feedback signals arise? The author's work takes into account the growing acceptance of the idea that movements are not directly dependent upon sensory events, but that they are governed by internal representations which are built according to specific, experimentally accessible rules.
Download or read book How We Think written by Alan H. Schoenfeld and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-10-18 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teachers try to help their students learn. But why do they make the particular teaching choices they do? What resources do they draw upon? What accounts for the success or failure of their efforts? In How We Think, esteemed scholar and mathematician, Alan H. Schoenfeld, proposes a groundbreaking theory and model for how we think and act in the classroom and beyond. Based on thirty years of research on problem solving and teaching, Schoenfeld provides compelling evidence for a concrete approach that describes how teachers, and individuals more generally, navigate their way through in-the-moment decision-making in well-practiced domains. Applying his theoretical model to detailed representations and analyses of teachers at work as well as of professionals outside education, Schoenfeld argues that understanding and recognizing the goal-oriented patterns of our day to day decisions can help identify what makes effective or ineffective behavior in the classroom and beyond.
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Applied Perception Research written by Robert R. Hoffman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-26 with total page 1468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge Handbook of Applied Perception Research covers core areas of research in perception with an emphasis on its application to real-world environments. Topics include multisensory processing of information, time perception, sustained attention, and signal detection, as well as pedagogical issues surrounding the training of applied perception researchers. In addition to familiar topics, such as perceptual learning, the Handbook focuses on emerging areas of importance, such as human-robot coordination, haptic interfaces, and issues facing societies in the twenty-first century (such as terrorism and threat detection, medical errors, and the broader implications of automation). Organized into sections representing major areas of theoretical and practical importance for the application of perception psychology to human performance and the design and operation of human-technology interdependence, it also addresses the challenges to basic research, including the problem of quantifying information, defining cognitive resources, and theoretical advances in the nature of attention and perceptual processes.
