Download or read book Goal based Reasoning for Argumentation written by Douglas Walton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-25 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical argumentation is intelligent reasoning from an agent's goals and known circumstances , and from an action selected as a means, to arrive at a decision on what action to take. This book will appeal to a wide audience, from designers of multi-agent and robotics systems to social scientists.
Download or read book Practical Reasoning written by Douglas N. Walton and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 1990 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an analysis of the distinctive form of reasoning, called practical reasoning by Aristotle (as opposed to theoretical reasoning), that serves to guide behaviour. It is a contribution to the literature on practical reasoning and indirectly on its application to action theory.
Download or read book Handbook of Legal Reasoning and Argumentation written by Giorgio Bongiovanni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-02 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook addresses legal reasoning and argumentation from a logical, philosophical and legal perspective. The main forms of legal reasoning and argumentation are covered in an exhaustive and critical fashion, and are analysed in connection with more general types (and problems) of reasoning. Accordingly, the subject matter of the handbook divides in three parts. The first one introduces and discusses the basic concepts of practical reasoning. The second one discusses the general structures and procedures of reasoning and argumentation that are relevant to legal discourse. The third one looks at their instantiations and developments of these aspects of argumentation as they are put to work in the law, in different areas and applications of legal reasoning.
Download or read book Logical Models of Legal Argumentation written by H. Prakken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the study of forms of legal reasoning, logic and argumentation theory long followed separate tracks. `Legal logicians' tended to focus on a deductive reconstruction of justifying a decision, disregarding the dialectical process leading to the chosen justification. Others instead emphasized the adversarial and discretionary nature of legal reasoning, involving reasonable evaluation of alternative choices, and the use of analogical reasoning. Recently, however, developments in Artificial Intelligence and Law have paved the way for overcoming this separation. Logic has widened its scope to defensible argumentation, and informal accounts of analogy and dialectics have inspired the construction of computer programs. Thus the prospect is emerging of an integrated logical and dialectical account of legal argument, adding to the understanding of legal reasoning, and providing a formal basis for computer tools that assist and mediate legal debates while leaving room for human initiative. This book presents contributions to this development. From a logical point of view it covers topics such as evaluating conflicting arguments, weighing reasons, modelling legal disputes as a dialogue game, the role of the burden of proof, the relation between principles, rules, reasons and facts, and the relation between deductive and nondeductive arguments. Written by leading scholars in the field and building on recent developments in logic and Artificial Intelligence, the chapters provide a state-of-the-art account of research on the logical aspects of legal argument.
Download or read book Argumentation in Multi Agent Systems written by Iyad Rahwan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-02-04 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last decade Argumentation has been gaining importance within Artificial Intelligence especially in multi agent systems. Argumentation is a powerful mechanism for modelling the internal reasoning of an agent. It also provides tools for analysing, designing and implementing sophisticated forms of interaction among rational agents, thus making important contributions to the theory and practice of multiagent dialogues. Application domains include: nonmonotonic reasoning, legal disputes, business negotiation, labor disputes, team formation, scientific inquiry, deliberative democracy, ontology reconciliation, risk analysis, scheduling, and logistics. This volume presents the latest developments in this area at the interface of argumentation theory and multi agent systems. The 10 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited papers from the AAMAS 2008 conference were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on argument-based reasoning, argumentation and dialogue, as well as strategic and pragmatic issues.
Download or read book Computational Models of Argument written by H. Prakken and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2020-09-25 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigation of computational models of argument is a rich and fascinating interdisciplinary research field with two ultimate aims: the theoretical goal of understanding argumentation as a cognitive phenomenon by modeling it in computer programs, and the practical goal of supporting the development of computer-based systems able to engage in argumentation-related activities with human users or among themselves. The biennial International Conferences on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA) provide a dedicated forum for the presentation and discussion of the latest advancements in the field, and cover both basic research and innovative applications. This book presents the proceedings of COMMA 2020. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, COMMA 2020 was held as an online event on the originally scheduled dates of 8 -11 September 2020, organised by the University of Perugia, Italy. The book includes 28 full papers and 13 short papers selected from a total of 78 submissions, the abstracts of 3 invited talks and 13 demonstration abstracts. The interdisciplinary nature of the field is reflected, and contributions cover both theory and practice. Theoretical contributions include new formal models, the study of formal or computational properties of models, designs for implemented systems and experimental research. Practical papers include applications to medicine, law and criminal investigation, chatbots and online product reviews. The argument-mining trend from previous COMMA’s is continued, while an emerging trend this year is the use of argumentation for explainable AI. The book provided an overview of the latest work on computational models of argument, and will be of interest to all those working in the field.
Download or read book Argument Mining written by Mathilde Janier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-10-21 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to the linguistic concepts of argumentation relevant for argument mining, an important research and development activity which can be viewed as a highly complex form of information retrieval, requiring high-level natural language processing technology. While the first four chapters develop the linguistic and conceptual aspects of argument expression, the last four are devoted to their application to argument mining. These chapters investigate the facets of argument annotation, as well as argument mining system architectures and evaluation. How annotations may be used to develop linguistic data and how to train learning algorithms is outlined. A simple implementation is then proposed. The book ends with an analysis of non-verbal argumentative discourse. Argument Mining is an introductory book for engineers or students of linguistics, artificial intelligence and natural language processing. Most, if not all, the concepts of argumentation crucial for argument mining are carefully introduced and illustrated in a simple manner.
Download or read book Interpreting Straw Man Argumentation written by Fabrizio Macagno and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-06 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows how research in linguistic pragmatics, philosophy of language, and rhetoric can be connected through argumentation to analyze a recognizably common strategy used in political and everyday conversation, namely the distortion of another’s words in an argumentative exchange. Straw man argumentation refers to the modification of a position by misquoting, misreporting or wrenching the original speaker’s statements from their context in order to attack them more easily or more effectively. Through 63 examples taken from different contexts (including political and forensic discourses and dialogs) and 20 legal cases, the book analyzes the explicit and implicit types of straw man, shows how to assess the correctness of a quote or a report, and illustrates the arguments that can be used for supporting an interpretation and defending against a distortion. The tools of argumentation theory, a discipline aimed at investigating the uses of arguments by combining insights from pragmatics, logic, and communication, are applied to provide an original account of interpretation and reporting, and to describe and illustrate tactics and procedures that can be used and implemented for practical purposes.. This book will appeal to scholars in the fields of political communication, communication in general, argumentation theory, rhetoric and pragmatics, as well as to people working in public speech, speech writing, and discourse analysis.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Legal Argumentation written by Eveline T. Feteris and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-10 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an updated and revised edition of Fundamentals of Legal Argumentation published in 1999. It discusses new developments that have taken place in the past 15 years in research of legal argumentation, legal justification and legal interpretation, as well as the implications of these new developments for the theory of legal argumentation. Almost every chapter has been revised and updated, and the chapters include discussions of recent studies, major additions on topical issues, new perspectives, and new developments in several theoretical areas. Examples of these additions are discussions of recent developments in such areas as Habermas' theory, MacCormick's theory, Alexy's theory, Artificial Intelligence and law, and the pragma-dialectical theory of legal argumentation. Furthermore it provides an extensive and systematic overview of approaches and studies of legal argumentation in the context of legal justification in various legal systems and countries that have been important for the development of research of legal argumentation. The book contains a discussion of influential theories that conceive the law and legal justification as argumentative activity. From different disciplinary and theoretical angles it addresses such topics as the institutional characteristics of the law and the relation between general standards for moral discussions and legal standards such as the Rule of Law. It discusses patterns of legal justification in the context of different types of problems in the application of the law and it describes rules for rational legal discussions. The combination of the sound basis of the first edition and the discussions of new developments make this new edition an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of the various theoretical influences which have informed the study of legal argumentation. It discusses salient backgrounds to this field as well as major approaches and trends in the contemporary research. It surveys the relevant theoretical factors both from various continental law traditions and common law countries.
Download or read book Computational Models of Argument written by S. Parsons and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2014-09-10 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argumentation, which has long been a topic of study in philosophy, has become a well-established aspect of computing science in the last 20 years. This book presents the proceedings of the fifth conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA), held in Pitlochry, Scotland in September 2014. Work on argumentation is broad, but the COMMA community is distinguished by virtue of its focus on the computational and mathematical aspects of the subject. This focus aims to ensure that methods are sound – that they identify arguments that are correct in some sense – and provide an unambiguous specification for implementation; producing programs that reason in the correct way and building systems capable of natural argument or of recognizing argument. The book contains 24 long papers and 18 short papers, and the 21 demonstrations presented at the conference are represented in the proceedings either by an extended abstract or by association with another paper. The book will be of interest to all those whose work involves argumentation as it relates to artificial intelligence.
Download or read book Logic and Argumentation written by Andreas Herzig and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-02 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Logic and Argumentation, CLAR 2023, held in Hangzhou, China, during September 10-12, 2023. The 11 full papers, one short paper and one invited paper presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 20 submissions. The papers focus on topics such as: logic and automated deduction; abstract and structured argumentation; dialogues, games and practical reasoning; and quantitative argumentation.
Download or read book Human Centered Design written by Masaaki Kurosu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-14 with total page 1125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 13th International Conference on Human–Computer Interaction, HCI Inter- tional 2009, was held in San Diego, California, USA, July 19–24, 2009, jointly with the Symposium on Human Interface (Japan) 2009, the 8th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human–Computer Interaction, the Third International Conf- ence on Virtual and Mixed Reality, the Third International Conference on Internati- alization, Design and Global Development, the Third International Conference on Online Communities and Social Computing, the 5th International Conference on Augmented Cognition, the Second International Conference on Digital Human Mod- ing, and the First International Conference on Human Centered Design. A total of 4,348 individuals from academia, research institutes, industry and gove- mental agencies from 73 countries submitted contributions, and 1,397 papers that were judged to be of high scientific quality were included in the program. These papers - dress the latest research and development efforts and highlight the human aspects of the design and use of computing systems. The papers accepted for presentation thoroughly cover the entire field of human–computer interaction, addressing major advances in knowledge and effective use of computers in a variety of application areas.
Download or read book Understanding Editorial Text A Computer Model of Argument Comprehension written by Sergio J. Alvarado and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: by Michael G. Dyer Natural language processing (NLP) is an area of research within Artificial Intelligence (AI) concerned with the comprehension and generation of natural language text. Comprehension involves the dynamic construction of conceptual representations, linked by causal relationships and organized/indexed for subsequent retrieval. Once these conceptual representations have been created, comprehension can be tested by means of such tasks as paraphrasing, question answering, and summarization. Higher-level cognitive tasks are also modeled within the NLP paradigm and include: translation, acquisition of word meanings and concepts through reading, analysis of goals and plans in multi-agent environments (e. g. , coalition and counterplanning behavior by narrative characters), invention of novel stories, recognition of abstract themes (such as irony and hypocrisy), extraction of the moral or point of a story, and justification/refutation of beliefs through argumentation. The robustness of conceptually-based text comprehension systems is directly related to the nature and scope of the knowledge constructs applied during conceptual analysis of the text. Until recently, conceptually-based natural language systems were developed for, and applied to, the task of narrative comprehension (Dyer, 1983a; Schank and Abelson, 1977; Wilensky, 1983). These systems worked by recognizing the goals and plans of narrative characters, and. using this knowledge to build a conceptual representation of the narrative, xx UNDERSTANDING EDITORIAL TEXT including actions and intentions which must be inferred to complete the representation. A large portion of text appearing in newspapers and magazines, however, is editorial in nature.
Download or read book Theory and Applications of Formal Argumentation written by Sanjay Modgil and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-03-26 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the First International Workshop on the Theory and Applications of Formal Argumentation, TAFA 2011, held in Barcelona, Spain, in Juli 2011, as a workshop at IJCAI 2011, the 22nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. The 9 revised full papers presented together with 8 revised poster papers were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement from 32 initial submissions. The workshop promotes and fosters uptake of argumentation as a viable AI paradigm with wide ranging application, and provides a forum for further development of ideas and the initiation of new and innovative collaborations. The papers cover the following topics: properties of formal models of argumentation; instantiations of abstract argumentation frameworks; relationships among different argumentation frameworks; practical applications of formal models of argumentation; argumentation and other artificial intelligence techniques; evaluation of formal models of argumentation; validation and evaluation of applications of argumentation.
Download or read book Agreement in Argumentation written by Francesca Santulli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-29 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the construction of agreement in the argumentative process, aiming to investigate how the activation of shared knowledge, values and beliefs leads to the creation of a common ground between the speaker and the audience in the pursuit of persuasion. In the first part of the book, the authors examine agreement from a historical and theoretical perspective, setting in relation major ancient and contemporary approaches to argumentation, with special regard for the notions of ethos, objects of agreement, starting points and topoi, all with a focus on their deployment in discourse. This is complemented with a compendium of linguistic resources that can be exploited for the discursive construction of agreement, offering a principled selection of structures across different levels of language description. The second part of the book is devoted to the investigation of actual uses of agreement in a choice of institutional genres within the domain of the US presidential elections: the Presidential Announcement, the TV debate and the Inaugural Address. Due to their political relevance and cultural salience, these genres provide an ideal interface for observing the interplay of discursive and argumentative components, against the backdrop of a shared cultural heritage, rich with intertextual references. The application of the theoretical framework developed in the first part of the book to the analysis of real political discourse carried out in the second is the distinguishing feature of this volume, making it of interest to linguists and argumentation scholars, as well as to political scientists and communicators.
Download or read book Discourse Conversation and Argumentation Theoretical Perspectives and Innovative Empirical Studies Volume I written by Antonio Bova and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-12-06 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Argumentation Methods for Artificial Intelligence in Law written by Douglas Walton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-09-30 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use of argumentation methods applied to legal reasoning is a relatively new field of study. The book provides a survey of the leading problems, and outlines how future research using argumentation-based methods show great promise of leading to useful solutions. The problems studied include not only these of argument evaluation and argument invention, but also analysis of specific kinds of evidence commonly used in law, like witness testimony, circumstantial evidence, forensic evidence and character evidence. New tools for analyzing these kinds of evidence are introduced.
