Download or read book The Ultimate Nutrient Glutamine written by Judy Shabert and published by Avery. This book was released on 1994 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-13 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.
Download or read book The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism written by Anne Le and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic alterations in cancer, in addition to being the fundamental drivers of tumorigenesis, can give rise to a variety of metabolic adaptations that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate in diverse tumor microenvironments. This metabolic flexibility is different from normal cellular metabolic processes and leads to heterogeneity in cancer metabolism within the same cancer type or even within the same tumor. In this book, we delve into the complexity and diversity of cancer metabolism, and highlight how understanding the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism is fundamental to the development of effective metabolism-based therapeutic strategies. Deciphering how cancer cells utilize various nutrient resources will enable clinicians and researchers to pair specific chemotherapeutic agents with patients who are most likely to respond with positive outcomes, allowing for more cost-effective and personalized cancer therapeutic strategies.
Download or read book The Glutamate GABA Glutamine Cycle written by Arne Schousboe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental biochemical studies of basic brain metabolism focusing on the neuroactive amino acids glutamate and GABA combined with the seminal observation that one of the key enzymes, glutamine synthetase is localized in astroglial cells but not in neurons resulted in the formulation of the term “The Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle.” In this cycle glutamate released from neurons is taken up by surrounding astrocytes, amidated by the action of glutamine synthetase to glutamine which can be transferred back to the neurons. The conversion of glutamate to glutamine is like a stealth technology, hiding the glutamate molecule which would be highly toxic to neurons due to its excitotoxic action. This series of reactions require the concerted and precise interaction of a number of enzymes and plasma membrane transporters, and this volume provides in-depth descriptions of these processes. Obviously such a series of complicated reactions may well be prone to malfunction and therefore neurological diseases are likely to be associated with such malfunction of the enzymes and transporters involved in the cycle. These aspects are also discussed in several chapters of the book. A number of leading experts in neuroscience including intermediary metabolism, enzymology and transporter physiology have contributed to this book which provides comprehensive discussions of these different aspects of the functional importance of the glutamate-glutamine cycle coupling homeostasis of glutamatergic, excitatory neurotransmission to basic aspects of brain energy metabolism. This book will be of particular importance for students as well as professionals interested in these fundamental processes involved in brain function and dysfunction.
Download or read book Glutamine written by Dominique Meynial-Denis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-03 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glutamine: Biochemistry, Physiology, and Clinical Applications describes the different functions of glutamine (Gln) in animals and humans. Gln is both a nutrient and a signaling molecule, and its functions go beyond those of a simple metabolic fuel or protein precursor. This book has gathered together, in an unbiased and critical manner, all the available evidence and research on Gln including pathology (neurological diseases, intestinal diseases, critical illness, and cancer), physiology (successful aging), catabolic states, immunity, and exercise. Special attention is given to the potential benefit of Gln in states of insulin resistance and the role of Gln as a "conditionally essential" amino acid. The contributors are either pioneers or experts in the area of Gln from all around the globe, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, Europe, China, and the United States. This book is a valuable source of information for nutrition scientists, medical doctors, sports scientists, food scientists, dietitians, and anyone interested in nutrition. It is also a valuable resource for students in these fields and will be an important addition to university libraries.
Download or read book Glutamine Repeats and Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Peter S. Harper and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2001 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the discovery of a common genetic basis for a group of inherited neurological disorders, including Huntington's Disease, spino-bulbar atrophy and a series of hereditary ataxias. This shared molecular background and other similarities have led to the development of theoretical models for the pathogenesis of these diseases. It is now also clear that the mechanisms involved are likely to be of more general relevance, outside of this particular group of disorders, with implications for other neurodegenerative processes such as those involved in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Prion diseases. The book is an edited and updated compilation evolving from a Royal Society discussion meeting.
Download or read book The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-09-15 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a commonly held belief that athletes, particularly body builders, have greater requirements for dietary protein than sedentary individuals. However, the evidence in support of this contention is controversial. This book is the latest in a series of publications designed to inform both civilian and military scientists and personnel about issues related to nutrition and military service. Among the many other stressors they experience, soldiers face unique nutritional demands during combat. Of particular concern is the role that dietary protein might play in controlling muscle mass and strength, response to injury and infection, and cognitive performance. The first part of the book contains the committee's summary of the workshop, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The remainder of the book contains papers contributed by speakers at the workshop on such topics as, the effects of aging and hormones on regulation of muscle mass and function, alterations in protein metabolism due to the stress of injury or infection, the role of individual amino acids, the components of proteins, as neurotransmitters, hormones, and modulators of various physiological processes, and the efficacy and safety considerations associated with dietary supplements aimed at enhancing performance.
Download or read book Diabetes written by Victor R Preedy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-24 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants, Second Edition, builds on the success of the first edition, covering updated research on the science of oxidative stress in diabetes and the potentially therapeutic usage of natural antioxidants in the diet and food matrix. The processes within the science of oxidative stress are not described in isolation, but rather in concert with other processes, such as apoptosis, cell signaling and receptor mediated responses. This approach recognizes that diseases are often multifactorial and oxidative stress is a single component of this. Since the publication of the first edition, the science of oxidative stress and free radical biology continues to rapidly advance with thousands of the research articles on the topic. New sections in this update cover the role of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in causing OS in diabetes, oxidative stress and diabetes-induced bone metabolism, and oxidative stress and diabetic foot ulcer. Saves clinicians and researchers time in quickly accessing the very latest details on a broad range of diabetes and oxidation issues Combines the science of oxidative stress and the putative therapeutic usage of natural antioxidants in the diet, its food matrix or plant Includes preclinical, clinical and population studies to help endocrinologists, diabetologists, nutritionists, dieticians and clinicians map out key areas for research and further clinical recommendations
Download or read book Glutamine in Clinical Nutrition written by Rajkumar Rajendram and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-16 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid and is a major contributor to whole body nitrogen metabolism and is considered to be “conditionally essential.” Glutamine in Health and Disease presents the application of current nutritional knowledge by physicians and dietitians and incorporates emerging fields of science and important discoveries. Section 1 covers glutamine structure and function, glutamine synthetase, glutamine binding protein, glutamine transport, glutamine-rich activation domains and transcription, glutamine transaminase and cell biochemistry. Section 2 covers glucose-independent glutamine metabolism, intestinal barrier function, thyroid-stimulating hormone, glutamine resonances, focal ischemia, plasma glutamine, metabolic stress, cancer and absorption. Section 3 covers dipeptide-bound glutamine, DNA protection, oxidative stress, NF-KB, the inflammatory response, the lung, kidney, GI tract and liver, autophagy, ethanol and diabetes. Finally, Section 4 covers the use of glutamine in preoperative states, enteral and parenteral nutrition, pulmonary infections, cancer, hypoxic injury, arginyl-glutamine, paediatrics, pancreatic surgery, the elderly, gastric emptying gastric bypass and use glutamine cocktails. Written by authors of international and national standing, leaders in the field and trendsetters, Glutamine in Health and Disease is essential reading for nutritionists and dietitians, public health scientists, physicians, epidemiologists, policy makers, and health care professionals of various disciplines.
Download or read book Glutamate Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-08-05 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glutamate is the most pervasive neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite this fact, no validated biological markers, or biomarkers, currently exist for measuring glutamate pathology in CNS disorders or injuries. Glutamate dysfunction has been associated with an extensive range of nervous system diseases and disorders. Problems with how the neurotransmitter glutamate functions in the brain have been linked to a wide variety of disorders, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury. These conditions are widespread, affecting a large portion of the United States population, and remain difficult to treat. Efforts to understand, treat, and prevent glutamate-related disorders can be aided by the identification of valid biomarkers. The Institute of Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a workshop on June 21-22, 2010, to explore ways to accelerate the development, validation, and implementation of such biomarkers. Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System: Workshop Summary investigates promising current and emerging technologies, and outlines strategies to procure resources and tools to advance drug development for associated nervous system disorders. Moreover, this report highlights presentations by expert panelists, and the open panel discussions that occurred during the workshop.
Download or read book Glutamine written by Dominique Meynial-Denis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-03 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glutamine: Biochemistry, Physiology, and Clinical Applications describes the different functions of glutamine (Gln) in animals and humans. Gln is both a nutrient and a signaling molecule, and its functions go beyond those of a simple metabolic fuel or protein precursor. This book has gathered together, in an unbiased and critical manner, all the available evidence and research on Gln including pathology (neurological diseases, intestinal diseases, critical illness, and cancer), physiology (successful aging), catabolic states, immunity, and exercise. Special attention is given to the potential benefit of Gln in states of insulin resistance and the role of Gln as a "conditionally essential" amino acid. The contributors are either pioneers or experts in the area of Gln from all around the globe, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, Europe, China, and the United States. This book is a valuable source of information for nutrition scientists, medical doctors, sports scientists, food scientists, dietitians, and anyone interested in nutrition. It is also a valuable resource for students in these fields and will be an important addition to university libraries.
Download or read book Glutamine Metabolism Enzymology and Regulation written by Jaime Mora and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glutamine: Metabolism, Enzymology, and Regulation presents significant contributions on the metabolism, enzymology, and regulation of glutamine of microorganisms to higher animals. The book is a collection of papers presented during the scientific symposium of the fiftieth anniversary of the granting of the autonomy of the University of Mexico, held in Hacienda Galindo, Queretaro, Mexico in November 1979. The monograph covers glutamine metabolism centered mainly in enzymatic studies on glutamine synthetase and the enzymes that utilize glutamine; the model of cascade control of glutamine synthetase in Escherichia coli; the mechanisms that control gene expression of glutamine synthetase and its relation to nitrogen metabolism in prokaryotes; the relationship between the structure and function of glutamine synthetase in eukaryotic microorganisms; nitrogen and glutamine metabolism in plants; the role of glutamine in the animal body; and the synthesis of glutamine in animal tissues. Biologists, botanists, and zoologists will find the compendium very insightful.
Download or read book Committee on Military Nutrition Research written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-08-04 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The activities of the Food and Nutrition Board's Committee on Military Nutrition Research (CMNR, the committee) have been supported since 1994 by grant DAMD17-94-J-4046 from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC). This report fulfills the final reporting requirement of the grant, and presents a summary of activities for the grant period from December 1, 1994 through May 31, 1999. During this grant period, the CMNR has met from three to six times each year in response to issues that are brought to the committee through the Military Nutrition and Biochemistry Division of the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine at Natick, Massachusetts, and the Military Operational Medicine Program of USAMRMC at Fort Detrick, Maryland. The CMNR has submitted five workshop reports (plus two preliminary reports), including one that is a joint project with the Subcommittee on Body Composition, Nutrition, and Health of Military Women; three letter reports, and one brief report, all with recommendations, to the Commander, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, since September 1995 and has a brief report currently in preparation. These reports are summarized in the following activity report with synopses of additional topics for which reports were deferred pending completion of military research in progress. This activity report includes as appendixes the conclusions and recommendations from the nine reports and has been prepared in a fashion to allow rapid access to committee recommendations on the topics covered over the time period.
Download or read book Nutrition and Immune Function written by Philip C. Calder and published by CABI. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides a review of the roles of specific nutrients in maintaining the immune response and host protection against infection. It also considers the influence of various factors, such as exercise and ageing, on the interaction between nutrition and immune function.
Download or read book Glutamine Metabolism in Mammalian Tissues written by D. Häussinger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Growth and Development written by Lalit M. Srivastava and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-08-27 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides current information on synthesis of plant hormones, how their concentrations are regulated, and how they modulate various plant processes. It details how plants sense and tolerate such factors as drought, salinity, and cold temperature, factors that limit plant productivity on earth. It also explains how plants sense two other environmental signals, light and gravity, and modify their developmental patterns in response to those signals. This book takes the reader from basic concepts to the most up-to-date thinking on these topics. * Provides clear synthesis and review of hormonal and environmental regulation of plant growth and development * Contains more than 600 illustrations supplementary information on techniques and/or related topics of interest * Single-authored text provides uniformity of presentation and integration of the subject matter * References listed alphabetically in each section
Download or read book Cancer as a Metabolic Disease written by Thomas Seyfried and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-18 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book addresses controversies related to the origins of cancer and provides solutions to cancer management and prevention. It expands upon Otto Warburg's well-known theory that all cancer is a disease of energy metabolism. However, Warburg did not link his theory to the "hallmarks of cancer" and thus his theory was discredited. This book aims to provide evidence, through case studies, that cancer is primarily a metabolic disease requring metabolic solutions for its management and prevention. Support for this position is derived from critical assessment of current cancer theories. Brain cancer case studies are presented as a proof of principle for metabolic solutions to disease management, but similarities are drawn to other types of cancer, including breast and colon, due to the same cellular mutations that they demonstrate.
