Download or read book Mineral Commodity Summaries 2020 written by Government Publishing Office and published by . This book was released on 2020-05-30 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2019

Download or read book Dictionary of Gems and Gemology written by Mohsen Manutchehr-Danai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid growth of gemological sciences and mineralogy demands a dictionary such as this for gemologists, mineralogists, geologists, jewel dealers, industry and hobbyists. With some 16,000 comprehensive definitions, supplemented by more than 250 diagrams and figures, this is a one-stop reference to any matter dealing with gems and gemology.

Download or read book Mineral Commodity Summaries 2017 written by Government Publishing Office and published by U.S. Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This illustrated report is published annually to furnish estimates covering nonfuel mineral industry data. Data sheets contain information on the domestic industry structure, Government programs, tariffs, and 5-year salient statistics for more than 90 individual minerals and materials. Each chapter includes information on events, trends, and issues for each mineral commodity, as well as discussions and tabular presentations on domestic industry structure. Maps, charts, presentations, tables, and graphs are included throughout this text. Geoscientists, petroleum engineers, global community traders, construction industry engineering executives soil scientists, miners, economists, trade brokers specializing in mineral commodities and imports/exports, mineral manufacturers, statistical professionals, and American citizens may be interested in this updated historical reference. Students pursuing coursework for a Bachelor of Science or advanced degree in environmental science, geosciences, or geology may be interested in this volume for research. It is highly recommended that academic libraries with geology and mining engineering programs, special libraries within these fields, and public libraries place an updated annual copy of this primary source work in their business/economic and reference collections. Related collections: Minerals & Metals resources collection is available here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/minerals-metals Environmental Protection & Conservation collection can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/environmental-protection-conservation Engineering: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/engineering Economic Indicators: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/economic-indicators

Download or read book Surface and Underground Excavations 2nd Edition written by Ratan Raj Tatiya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface and Underground Excavations – Methods, Techniques and Equipment (2nd edition) covers the latest technologies and developments in the excavation arena at any locale: surface or underground. In the first few chapters, unit operations are discussed and subsequently, excavation techniques are described for various operations: tunnelling, drifting, raising, sinking, stoping, quarrying, surface mining, liquidation and mass blasting as well as construction of large subsurface excavations such as caverns and underground chambers. The design, planning and development of excavations are treated in a separate chapter. Especially featured are methodologies to select stoping methods through incremental analysis. Furthermore, this edition encompasses comprehensive sections on mining at ‘ultra depths’, mining difficult deposits using non-conventional technologies, mineral inventory evaluation (ore – reserves estimation) and mine closure. Concerns over Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), environment and loss prevention, and sustainable development are also addressed in advocating a solution to succeed within a scenario of global competition and recession. This expanded second edition has been wholly revised, brought fully up-to-date and includes (wherever feasible) the latest trends and best practices, case studies, global surveys and toolkits as well as questions at the end of each chapter. This volume will now be even more appealing to students in earth sciences, geology, and in civil, mining and construction engineering, to practicing engineers and professionals in these disciplines as well as to all with a general or professional interest in surface and underground excavations.

Download or read book Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers written by Jan W. Gooch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-08 with total page 1048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference, in its second edition, contains more than 7,500 polymeric material terms, including the names of chemicals, processes, formulae, and analytical methods that are used frequently in the polymer and engineering fields. In view of the evolving partnership between physical and life sciences, this title includes an appendix of biochemical and microbiological terms (thus offering previously unpublished material, distinct from all competitors.) Each succinct entry offers a broadly accessible definition as well as cross-references to related terms. Where appropriate to enhance clarity further, the volume's definitions may also offer equations, chemical structures, and other figures. The new interactive software facilitates easy access to a large database of chemical structures (2D/3D-view), audio files for pronunciation, polymer science equations and many more.

Download or read book A Geology for Engineers written by F.G.H. Blyth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No engineering structure can be built on the ground or within it without the influence of geology being experienced by the engineer. Yet geology is an ancillary subject to students of engineering and it is therefore essential that their training is supported by a concise, reliable and usable text on geology and its relationship to engineering. In this book all the fundamental aspects of geology are described and explained, but within the limits thought suitable for engineers. It describes the structure of the earth and the operation of its internal processes, together with the geological processes that shape the earth and produce its rocks and soils. It also details the commonly occurring types of rock and soil, and many types of geological structure and geological maps. Care has been taken to focus on the relationship between geology and geomechanics, so emphasis has been placed on the geological processes that bear directly upon the composition, structure and mechanics of soil and rocks, and on the movement of groundwater. The descriptions of geological processes and their products are used as the basis for explaining why it is important to investigate the ground, and to show how the investigations may be conducted at ground level and underground. Specific instruction is provided on the relationship between geology and many common activities undertaken when engineering in rock and soil.

Download or read book Science and Conservation for Museum Collection written by Bruno Fabbri and published by Nardini Editore. This book was released on 2017-06-06 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of the book “Science and Conservation for Museum Collections” was born as a result of the experience made by CNR-ISTEC (Faenza) in the implementation of a course for Syrian restorers at the National Museum in Damascus. The book takes into consideration archaeological artefacts made out of the most common materials, like stones (both natural and artificial), mosaics, ceramics, glass, metals, wood and textiles, together with less diffuse artefacts and materials, like clay tablets, goldsmith artefacts, icons, leather and skin objects, bones and ivory, coral and mother of pearl. Each type of material is treated from four different points of view: composition and processing technology; alteration and degradation causes and mechanisms; procedures for conservative intervention; case studies and/or examples of conservation and restoration. Due to the high number of materials and to the great difference between their conservation problems, all the subjects are treated in a schematic, but precise and complete way. The book is mainly addressed to students, young restorers, conservators and conservation scientists all around the world. But the book can be usefully read by expert professionals too, because nobody can know everything and the experts often need to learn something of the materials not included in their specific knowledge. Twenty- two experts in very different fields of activity contributed with their experience for obtaining a good product. All they are Italian experts, or working in Italy, so that the book can be seen as an exemplification on how the conservation problem of Cultural Heritage is received and tackled in Italy. —————————————————— SCIENCE AND CONSERVATION FOR MUSEUM COLLECTIONS INTRODUCTION 1 – PREVENTIVE CONSERVATION 1.1 Introduction 1.2 International standards and guidelines 1.3 Environment-material interaction 1.4 Microclimate and monitoring 1.5 Handling works of art 1.6 Exhibition criteria 1.7 MUSA project: intermuseum network for conservation of artistic heritage Bibliography Acknowledgements 2 – STONE ARTEFACTS 2.1 What conservation means 2.2 Natural Stones 2.3 Artificial stones 2.4 Deterioration of the stone 2.5 Cleaning of stone artefacts 2.6 Consolidation and Protection 2.7 Case studies Bibliography 3 – MOSAICS 3.1 Manufacturing techniques 3.2 History of the mosaic 3.3 Degradation of mosaic 3.4 Restoration of mosaics 3.5 Case study Bibliography 4 – CERAMICS 4.1 Ceramic technology 4.2 Technological classification of ceramics 4.3 Alteration and degradation processes 4.4 Ceramic conservation and restoration 4.5 Case studies 4.6 Examples of restoration Bibliography Acknowledgements 5 – CLAY TABLETS 5.1 Defnition 5.2 Deterioration 5.3 Conservative intervention 5.4 Case study: Syrian tablets Bibliography Acknowledgements 6 – GLASS 6.1 General information 6.2 Processing techniques 6.3 Glass deterioration 6.4 Glass conservation and restoration 6.5 Case studies Bibliography Acknowledgements 7 – METALS 7.1 Origin of metals 7.2 Manufacturing techniques 7.3 Conservation state of metals 7.4 Conservative intervention for metals 7.5 Case studies: Recovery of metallic artefacts from terracotta containers Bibliography Acknowledgements 8 – GOLDSMITH ARTEFACTS 8.1 Goldsmith’s metals 8.2 Enamels 8.3 Precious stones 8.4 Alteration and degradation 8.5 Conservative intervention 8.6 Case studies Bibliography 9 – WOOD ARTEFACTS 9.1 Characteristics of the wood 9.2 Working techniques 9.3 Degradation of wood 9.4 How to start restoring 9.5 Restoration of a small inlaid table 9.6 Restoration of a commemorating wooden tablet 9.7 The restoration of a seventeenth-century wooden crucifix Bibliography 10 – ICONS 10.1 The construction of icons 10.2 Degradation and damages of icons 10.3 Methods of conservation and restoration of icons 10.4 Examples of conservative interventions Bibliography 11 – TEXTILE FINDS 11.1 Morphology, characteristics and properties of textiles 11.2 Decay of textile fibres 11.3 Conservation treatments of archaeological textiles 11.4 Conservation practice: two case histories Bibliography Acknowledgements 12 – LEATHER AND ANIMAL SKIN OBJECTS 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Skin 12.3 The tanning process 12.4 Parchment 12.5 Leather degradation 12.6 Conservative intervention 12.7 Examples of conservative interventions Bibliography 13 – INORGANIC MATERIALS OF ORGANIC ORIGIN 13.1 The materials 13.2 The restoration operations 13.3 Cases of study Bibliography Acknowledgements 14 – ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES 14.1 General information 14.2 Optical microscopy 14.3 Spectroscopic techniques 14.4 Radiochemical techniques 14.5 Chromatography 14.6 Electron microscopy 14.7 Thermal analyses 14.8 Open porosity measurements 14.9 Analysis of microbial colonization Bibliography Acknowledgements

Download or read book A Dictionary of Mining Mineral and Related Terms written by United States. Bureau of Mines and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 1284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes about 55,000 individual mining and mineral industry term entries with about 150,000 definitions under these terms.

Download or read book Basic Dental Materials written by John J Manappallil and published by JP Medical Ltd. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic Dental Materials is the new edition of this extensive guide to materials used in dentistry. The book has been entirely reorganised, with substantial revisions in each chapter incorporating the latest developments and research findings, and new colour illustrations have been added. This book is divided into seven sections, the first covering the structure and properties of dental materials, including electrochemical and biological properties. Further sections cover specific groups of materials, including direct restorative materials, endodontic materials (new to this edition), impression materials, materials and processes in the dental laboratory, alloys, and indirect restorative and prosthetic materials. The chapter on dental ceramics in the final section is entirely revised to reflect the significant advances in this technology since the previous edition. Basic Dental Materials provides a practical approach to the selection and use of modern dental materials, with guidance on preparation for indirect restorations such as crowns, bridges and inlays. Enhanced by 645 images and illustrations, this comprehensive book will bring the knowledge of dental students and practising students firmly up to date. Key Points Latest edition of this extensive, illustrated guide to basic dental materials Previous edition published 2010 (9788184489217) Entirely reorganised, with a new section on endodontic materials, and chapter revisions reflecting recent advances in the field 645 images and illustrations, the majority in full colour

Download or read book Free trade agreement between the European Union and its Member States of the one part and the Republic of Korea of the other part written by Great BritainForeign and Commonwealth Office and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2011-07-18 with total page 1606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Agreement is not yet in force

Download or read book Phenolic Resins written by A. Gardziella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This vastly expanded 2nd edition contains all the new developments since 1985. It describes significant new phenolic resin chemistry, new applications with up-to-date developments, and includes detailed standardized test methods important for ISO 9001 ff certification.

Download or read book Government Finance Statistics Manual 2001 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2001-12-19 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Manual, which updates the first edition published in 1986, is a major advance in the standards for compilation and presentation of fiscal statistics. It is intended as a reference volume for compilers of government finance statistics, fiscal analysts, and other users of fiscal data. The Manual introduces accrual accounting, balance sheets, and complete coverage of government economic and financial activities. It covers concepts, definitions, classifications, and accounting rules, and provides a comprehensive framework for analysis, planning, and policy determination. To the extent possible, the Manual has been harmonized with the System of National Accounts 1993.

Download or read book Ore Geology and Industrial Minerals written by Anthony M. Evans and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-07-03 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much new data and many new ideas have emerged in the area of oregeology and industrial minerals since publication of the secondedition of this text in 1987. The overriding philosophy behind thisnew edition is the inclusion and integration of this new materialwithin the established framework of the text. The third edition isre-presented in the modern double-column format. Non-metallic deposits of industrial and bulk materials are fullycovered to meet the changing emphasis of courses in appliedgeology. In addition, chapter 1 has been considerably enlarged toinclude a section on mineral economics covering metals, industrialminerals and bulk materials. In this section, the various aspectsof economic exploitation of industrial and bulk materials arecompared with those of metallic deposits. Other major revisions andadditions include a section on fluid inclusions, expansion of thesection on wall rock alteration, expansion of the material onisotope studies, and the inclusion of a section on hydraulicfracturing and seismic pumping.

Download or read book Classic and Advanced Ceramics written by Robert B. Heimann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-16 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the author's lectures to graduate students of geosciences, physics, chemistry and materials science, this didactic handbook covers basic aspects of ceramics such as composition and structure as well as such advanced topics as achieving specific functionalities by choosing the right materials. The focus lies on the thermal transformation processes of natural raw materials to arrive at traditional structural ceramics and on the general physical principles of advanced functional ceramics. The book thus provides practice-oriented information to readers in research, development and engineering on how to understand, make and improve ceramics and derived products, while also serving as a rapid reference for the practitioner. The choice of topics and style of presentation make it equally useful for chemists, materials scientists, engineers and mineralogists.

Download or read book Gems in the Early Modern World written by Michael Bycroft and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-27 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection is an interdisciplinary study of gems in the early modern world. It examines the relations between the art, science, and technology of gems, and it does so against the backdrop of an expanding global trade in gems. The eleven chapters are organised into three parts. The first part sets the scene by describing how gems moved around the early modern world, how they were set in motion, and how they were pulled together in the course of their travels. The second part is about value. It asks why people valued gems, how they determined the value of a given gem, and how the value of a gem was connected to its perceived place of origin. The third part deals with the skills involved in cutting, polishing, and mounting gems, and how these skills were transmitted and articulated by artisans. The common themes of all these chapters are materials, knowledge and global trade. The contributors to this volume focus on the material properties of gems such as their weight and hardness, on the knowledge involved in exchanging them and valuing them, and on the cultural consequences of the expanding trade in gems in Eurasia and the Americas.

Download or read book Applied Mineralogy written by Swapna Mukherjee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-05 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the entire spectrum of mineralogy and consolidates its applications in different fields. Part I starts with the very basic concept of mineralogy describing in detail the implications of the various aspects of mineral chemistry, crystallographic structures and their effects producing different mineral properties. Part II of the book describes different aspects of mineralogy like geothermobarometry, mineral thermodynamics and phase diagrams, mineral exploration and analysis, and marine minerals. Finally Part III handles the applications in industrial, medicinal and environmental mineralogy along with precious and semiprecious stone studies. The various analytical techniques and their significance in handling specific types of mineralogical problems are also covered.

Download or read book Uses of Industrial Minerals Rocks and Freshwater written by Kaulir Kisor Chatterjee and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the uses of minerals. Today over 3,000 minerals have been reported and named of which 1800-2000 have been studied and described fully. We are able to gainfully use only around 100 or so minerals. Of course, none of these 'usable' minerals can be consumed as such by the people. They can neither be eaten, nor worn, nor fought with. They have to be converted to various products that can be used by them for living their material lives. Through interactions amongst different minerals, innumerable materials are turned out for fulfilling our material needs. And though there are some uni-product minerals, the majority of the minerals are the ones each of which eventually yields a multiplicity of final consumable products. However, in today's fast developing world, there is always a multiple choice available for technologies and grades of input materials. So, technology and input materials can be chosen to suit any grade of a mineral that is available in nature. The only constraints are the market price and the cost of mining the mineral. The cost always has to be less than the market price, the vagaries of which limit the range of flexibility regarding the specifications of grade. But, even if these specifications are not flexible enough at some point of time, the principles underlying the specifications remain valid all the time. And those principles, rather than the specifications, are emphasised in this outstanding book.