Download or read book International Capital Flows written by Martin Feldstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent changes in technology, along with the opening up of many regions previously closed to investment, have led to explosive growth in the international movement of capital. Flows from foreign direct investment and debt and equity financing can bring countries substantial gains by augmenting local savings and by improving technology and incentives. Investing companies acquire market access, lower cost inputs, and opportunities for profitable introductions of production methods in the countries where they invest. But, as was underscored recently by the economic and financial crises in several Asian countries, capital flows can also bring risks. Although there is no simple explanation of the currency crisis in Asia, it is clear that fixed exchange rates and chronic deficits increased the likelihood of a breakdown. Similarly, during the 1970s, the United States and other industrial countries loaned OPEC surpluses to borrowers in Latin America. But when the U.S. Federal Reserve raised interest rates to control soaring inflation, the result was a widespread debt moratorium in Latin America as many countries throughout the region struggled to pay the high interest on their foreign loans. International Capital Flows contains recent work by eminent scholars and practitioners on the experience of capital flows to Latin America, Asia, and eastern Europe. These papers discuss the role of banks, equity markets, and foreign direct investment in international capital flows, and the risks that investors and others face with these transactions. By focusing on capital flows' productivity and determinants, and the policy issues they raise, this collection is a valuable resource for economists, policymakers, and financial market participants.

Download or read book Monetary and Currency Policy Management in Asia written by Masahiro Kawai and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asian economies strengthened their monetary and currency management after the Asian financial crisis of 19971998, and came through the global financial crisis of 20072009 relatively well. Nevertheless, the recent global crisis has presented new challenges. This book develops recommendations for monetary and currency policy in Asian economies aimed at promoting macroeconomic and financial stability in an environment of global economic shocks and volatile capital flows. Monetary and Currency Policy Management in Asia draws lessons from crises and makes concrete macroeconomic policy recommendations aimed at minimizing the impacts of an economic and financial downturn, and setting the stage for an early return to sustainable growth. The focus is on short-term measures related to the cycle. The three main areas addressed are: monetary policy measures, both conventional and unconventional, to achieve both macroeconomic and financial stability; exchange rate policy and foreign exchange reserve management, including the potential for regional cooperation to stabilize currency movements; and ways to ease the constraints on policy resulting from the so-called 'impossible trinity' of fixed exchange rates, open capital accounts and independent monetary policy. This is one of the first books since the global financial crisis to specifically and comprehensively address the implications of the crisis for monetary and currency policy in emerging market economies, especially in Asia. Presenting a broad menu of policy options for financial reform and regulation, the book will be of great interest to finance experts and policymakers in the region as well as academics and researchers of financial and Asian economics as well as economic development.

Download or read book The ASEAN Way written by Ms.Ana Corbacho and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-10-02 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first part of the book examines the evolution of monetary policy and prudential frameworks of the ASEAN5, with particular focus on changes since the Asian financial crisis and the more recent period of unconventional monetary policy in advanced economies. The second part of the book looks at policy responses to global financial spillovers. The third and last part of the book elaborates on the challenges ahead for monetary policy, financial stability frameworks, and the deepening of financial markets.

Download or read book Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks in Low Income and Other Developing Countries written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-10-23 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, many low- and lower-middle income countries (LLMICs) have improved control over fiscal policy, liberalized and deepened financial markets, and stabilized inflation at moderate levels. Monetary policy frameworks that have helped achieve these ends are being challenged by continued financial development and increased exposure to global capital markets. Many policymakers aspire to move beyond the basics of stability to implement monetary policy frameworks that better anchor inflation and promote macroeconomic stability and growth. Many of these LLMICs are thus considering and implementing improvements to their monetary policy frameworks. The recent successes of some LLMICs and the experiences of emerging and advanced economies, both early in their policy modernization process and following the global financial crisis, are valuable in identifying desirable features of such frameworks. This paper draws on those lessons to provide guidance on key elements of effective monetary policy frameworks for LLMICs.

Download or read book Global Waves of Debt written by M. Ayhan Kose and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.

Download or read book Understanding Financial Interconnectedness written by International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-04-10 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper seeks to advance our understanding of global financial interconnectedness by (i) mapping aspects of the architecture of global finance and (ii) investigating critical fault lines related to interconnectedness along which systemic risks were built up and shocks transmitted in the crisis. It thus takes initial steps toward operationalizing enhanced financial sector and macro-financial surveillance called for by the IMF’s Executive Board and by experts such as de Larosiere et al. (2009). Getting a better handle on interconnectedness would strengthen the Fund‘s ability, together with the Financial Stability Board, to track systemic risk concentrations. It would also inform spillover and vulnerability analyses, and sharpen bilateral and multilateral surveillance.

Download or read book Financialisation in Emerging Economies written by Juan Pablo Painceira and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-10 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Since the beginning of the 2000s, emerging market economies, or middle-income countries, have embarked on major changes in their domestic financial systems. These changes - in which central banks have been key players - are shaped by the process of financialisation, which can generally be characterized by the dominance of financial considerations in the conduct of major agents (banks, non-financial corporations and households). As a consequence of the emerging markets crisis at the end of the 1990s, a new phenomenon in global financial markets emerged: a massive accumulation of foreign reserves in emerging economies. This has had important consequences for the global economy in which developed economies are the major beneficiaries. Based on Marxist Political Economy, this book studies the trends towards financialisation in emerging economies, focusing on the effects of the reserve accumulation in their international and domestic spheres. It argues that reserve accumulation has been the very catalyst of financialisation, being related to the subordinated position of emerging economies in the international monetary system. The chapters explore how these trends were exacerbated by the 2008 Global Financial Crisis as well as the extraordinary monetary measures undertaken by the major central banks to deal with the effects of this. Foreign investors invested an enormous amount into emerging economies between 2010 and 2012 and emerging-market financial assets have doubled since 2008. To conclude, the work discusses how the US monetary policy normalization has added more complexity to these trends since 2013 by putting pressure on emerging markets related to the level of global liquidity. This book provides essential reading for students and scholars of finance, economics and political economy who are interested in the unfolding of the subordinated financial integration of emerging economies into global financial markets. Juan Pablo Painceira is Senior Advisor in the Open Market Operations Department (DEMAB) at the Brazilian Central Bank (BCB)"--

Download or read book Central Banks at a Crossroads written by Michael D. Bordo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-06-09 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the role of central banks and draws lessons from examining their evolution over the past two centuries.

Download or read book International Financial Integration written by Mr.Gian Milesi-Ferretti and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-04-01 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, the foreign assets and liabilities of advanced economies have grown rapidly relative to GDP, with the increase in gross cross-holdings far exceeding changes in the size of net positions. Moreover, the portfolio equity and FDI categories have grown in importance relative to international debt stocks. This paper describes the broad trends in international financial integration for a sample of industrial countries and seeks to explain the cross-country and time-series variation in the size of international balance sheets. It also examines the behavior of the rates of return on foreign assets and liabilities, relating them to "market" returns.

Download or read book Taming the Tide of Capital Flows written by Atish R. Ghosh and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive examination of policy measures intended to help emerging markets contend with large and volatile capital flows. While always episodic in nature, capital flows to emerging market economies have been especially volatile since the global financial crisis. After peaking at $680 billion in 2007, flows to emerging markets turned negative at the onset of crisis in 2008, then rebounded only to recede again during the U.S. sovereign debt downgrade in 2011. Since then, flows have continued to swing wildly, leaving emerging market policy makers wondering whether they can put in place policies during the inflow phase that will soften the blow when flows subsequently recede. This book offers the first comprehensive treatment of policy measures intended to help emerging markets contend with large and volatile capital flows. The authors, all IMF experts, explain that, in the spirit of liberalization and deregulation in the 1980s and 1990s, many emerging market governments eliminated capital inflow controls along with outflow controls. By 2012, however, capital inflow controls were again acknowledged as legitimate policy tools. Focusing on the macroeconomic and financial-stability risks associated with capital flows, the authors combine theoretical and empirical analysis to consider the interaction between monetary, exchange rate, macroprudential, and capital control policies to mitigate these risks. They examine the effectiveness of various policy tools, discuss the practical considerations and multilateral implications of their use, and provide concrete policy advice for dealing with capital inflows.

Download or read book Capital Controls written by Jonathan David Ostry and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global financial crisis and its aftermath saw boom-bust cycles in cross-border capital flows of astounding magnitude. Issues of capital account liberalization and the imposition of capital controls are back in the headlines, and on researchers' agendas. This comprehensive and timely volume is the first collection of influential papers by leading scholars in the field that is representative of the various debates on this topic, and illustrative of how thinking and research have evolved.

Download or read book Central Banking in Latin America written by Mr.Luis Ignacio Jácome and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-03-17 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a brief historical journey of central banking in Latin America to shed light on the debate about monetary policy in the post-global financial crisis period. The paper distinguishes three periods in Latin America’s central bank history: the early years, when central banks endorsed the gold standard and coped with the collapse of this monetary system; a second period, in which central banks turned into development banks under the aegis of governments at the expense of increasing inflation; and the “golden years,” when central banks succeeded in preserving price stability in an environment of political independence. The paper concludes by cautioning against overburdening central banks in Latin America with multiple mandates as this could end up undermining their hard-won monetary policy credibility.

Download or read book An Anatomy of Credit Booms written by Mr.Marco Terrones and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-09-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the characteristics of credit booms in emerging and industrial economies. Macro data show a systematic relationship between credit booms and economic expansions, rising asset prices, real appreciations and widening external deficits. Micro data show a strong association between credit booms and leverage ratios, firm values, and banking fragility. We also find that credit booms are larger in emerging economies, particularly in the nontradables sector; most emerging markets crises are associated with credit booms; and credit booms in emerging economies are often preceded by large capital inflows but not by financial reforms or productivity gains.

Download or read book Resilience Dynamism Trust written by Monetary Authority of Singapore and published by Co-Published with World Scientific. This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreword: A Perennial Goal: Coupling Prudence with Innovation (Tharman Shanmugaratnam); MAS Leaders; List of Abbreviations; Evolution of a Central Bank: Establishing the Monetary Authority of Singapore (Hon Sui Sen); Why a Currency Board? (Goh Keng Swee); Prudence, Stability, Confidence: The Fundamentals of Good Government and Sound Central Banking (Goh Chok Tong); Macroeconomic Policies in Singapore: Principles, Milestones and Future Prospects (Richard Hu); Credibility, Confidence, Dynamism: MAS in the New Economic and Financial Landscape (Lee Hsien Loong); MAS at Forty: Past Contributions, Future Challenges (Lee Hsien Loong); Building Credibility (Tharman Shanmugaratnam); Monetary Policy and Reserve Management: How to Cope with Inflation with Particular Reference to Singapore (Michael Wong Pakshong); Which of the Monetary Aggregates Does MAS Watch? (Goh Keng Swee); Why a Strong Singapore Dollar? (Goh Keng Swee); Exchange Rate Policy: Philosophy and Conduct over the Past Decade (Teh Kok Peng and Tharman Shanmugaratnam); MAS Merges with Board of Commissioners of Currency, Singapore (Lim Hng Kiang); Asian Monetary Integration: Will It Ever Happen? (Tharman Shanmugaratnam); Getting in All the Cracks or Targeting the Cracks? Securing Financial Stability in the Post-Crisis Era (Ravi Menon); How Singapore Manages Its Reserves (Ravi Menon); Financial Regulation and Supervision: Supervision of a Regional Financial Centre (Michael Wong Pakshong); Regulation and Development of the General Insurance Industry (Law Song Keng); Strengthening the Framework for Banking Supervision (Goh Keng Swee); Recent Turbulence in the Stockbroking Industry and Lessons for Supervision (J Y Pillay); The Role of a Financial Futures Exchange (J Y Pillay); The Regulation and Development of Financial Markets (Richard Hu); Derivatives Trading and the Importance of Risk Management in Banks (Lee Ek Tieng); New Approach to Regulating and Developing Singapore's Financial Sector (Lee Hsien Loong); Financial Supervision in the New Millennium (Koh Yong Guan); Separation of Financial and Non-Financial Activities of Banking Groups (Lee Hsien Loong); Capital Markets in the New Economy (Lee Hsien Loong); Regulating the Capital Markets: Making Market Discipline Work (Tharman Shanmugaratnam); Consolidation and Liberalisation: Building World-Class Banks (Lee Hsien Loong); Deposit Insurance and Managing the Liberalisation Process (Lim Hng Kiang); Best Practices in Insurance Regulation (Lee Hsien Loong); Sensible Rules, Effective Supervision, Industry Partnership (Heng Swee Keat); Singapore's Approach to the Regulation of Capital Markets (Ravi Menon); Ensuring Strong Anchors in Our Banking System (Tharman Shanmugaratnam); Building a Culture of Trust in the Financial Industry (Ravi Menon); FinTech -- Harnessing its Power, Managing its Risks (Ravi Menon); Singapore's Financial Centre: Resilience, Dynamism, Trust (Ravi Menon); A Flexible Framework for the Regulation of Payment Systems and Payment Service Providers (Ong Ye Kung); Banking Liberalisation's Next Chapter: Digital Banks (Tharman Shanmugaratnam); Financial Centre Development: Development of Singapore as a Financial Centre (Hon Sui Sen); Inauguration of the Institute of Banking and Finance (Hon Sui Sen); Fund Management in Singapore: New Directions (Lee Hsien Loong); Building a Premier Exchange (Lee Hsien Loong); The Future of the Financial Sector in Singapore -- Riding the Challenges, Emerging Stronger (Goh Chok Tong); Key Issues in Asian Financial Markets (Tharman Shanmugaratnam); Singapore as a Global Insurance Marketplace (Ravi Menon); Building Capabilities for the Financial Sector of Tomorrow (Tharman Shanmugaratnam); Positioning for a Technology Driven Future (Heng Swee Keat); Singapore FinTech: Innovation, Inclusion, Inspiration (Ravi Menon); Green Finance for a Sustainable World (Ong Ye Kung); Harnessing the Power of Finance for a Sustainable Future (Ravi Menon)

Download or read book The International Monetary System written by Rakesh Mohan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North Atlantic financial crisis of 2008-2009 has spurred renewed interest in reforming the international monetary system, which has been malfunctioning in many aspects. Large and volatile capital flows have promoted greater volatility in financial markets, leading to recurrent financial crises. The renewed focus on the broader role of the central banks, away from narrow price stability monetary policy frameworks, is necessary to ensure domestic macroeconomic and financial stability. Since international monetary cooperation might be difficult, though desirable, central banks in major advanced economies, going forward, need to internalize the implications of their monetary policies for the rest of the global economy to reduce the incidence of financial crises.

Download or read book Toward an Integrated Policy Framework written by International Monetary Fund and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policymakers often face difficult tradeoffs in pursuing domestic and external stabilization objectives. The paper reflects staff’s work to advance the understanding of the policy options and tradeoffs available to policymakers in a systematic and analytical way. The paper recognizes that the optimal path of the IPF tools depends on structural characteristics and fiscal policies. The operational implications of IPF findings require careful consideration. Developing safeguards to minimize the risk of inappropriate use of IPF policies will be essential. Staff remains guided by the Fund’s Institutional View (IV) on the Liberalization and Management of Capital Flows.

Download or read book Global Financial Integration Thirty Years On written by Geoffrey R. D. Underhill and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-09-02 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early in the new millennium it appeared that a long period of financial crisis had come to an end, but the world now faces renewed and greater turmoil. This 2010 volume analyses the past three decades of global financial integration and governance and the recent collapse into crisis, offering a coherent and policy-relevant overview. State-of-the-art research from an interdisciplinary group of scholars illuminates the economic, political and social issues at the heart of devising an effective and legitimate financial system for the future. The chapters offer debate around a series of core themes which probe the ties between public and private actors and their consequences for outcomes for both developed markets and developing countries alike. The contributors argue that developing effective, legitimate financial governance requires enhancing public versus private authority through broader stakeholder representation, ensuring more acceptable policy outcomes.