Download or read book German Unification 1989 90 written by Patrick Salmon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-09-11 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is comprised of a collection of diplomatic documents covering British reactions to, and policy towards, the collapse of the German Democratic Republic and the unification of Germany in 1989-90. The peaceful unification of Germany in 1989-90 brought a dramatic end to the Cold War. This volume documents official British reactions to the collapse of East Germany and the fall of the Berlin Wall, and the evolution of British policy during the ‘Two plus Four’ negotiations that provided the international framework for the merger of the two German states. All of the documents fall within the UK’s 30-year rule and have therefore not previously been in the public domain. Most are drawn from the archives of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, but there are also a large number of Prime Ministerial files from the Cabinet Office archives. These are of particular interest for the light they throw on the views of Margaret Thatcher. Taken together, the documents show that despite Mrs Thatcher’s well-known reservations about German unity, the United Kingdom played a vital and constructive role in the negotiations that helped to bring it about. This volume will be of great interest to students of International History, British Political History, and European Politics and International Relations in general. Patrick Salmon is Chief Historian at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Keith Hamilton is a Historian at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and Senior Editor of Documents on British Policy Overseas. Stephen Twigge is a Senior Historian at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
Download or read book German Reunification written by Frédéric Bozo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a multinational history of German reunification based on empirical work by leading scholars. The reunification of Germany in 1989-90 was one of the most unexpected and momentous events of the twentieth century. Embedded within the wider process of the end of the Cold War, it contributed decisively to the dramatic changes that followed: the end of the division of Europe, the collapse of the Warsaw Pact, the origins of NATO’s eastward expansion and, not least, the creation of the European Union. Based on the wealth of evidence that has become available from many countries involved, and relying on the most recent historiography, this collection takes into account the complex interaction of multinational processes that were instrumental in shaping German reunification in the pivotal years 1989-90. The volume brings together renowned international scholars whose recent works, based on their research in multiple languages and sources, have contributed significantly to the history of the end of the Cold War and of German reunification. The resulting volume represents an important contribution to our knowledge and understanding of a significant chapter in recent history. This book will be of much interest to students of German politics, Cold war history, international and multinational history and IR in general.
Download or read book When the Wall Came Down written by Harold James and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1992. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book German Unification 1989 90 written by Patrick Salmon and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Diplomatic History of German Unification 1989 1990 written by Philip Zelikow and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1989, more than forty years after the postwar division of Germany was cemented by the establishment of the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic, this division was suddenly called into question. Within a year the GDR ceased to exist and its territory had been absorbed into the FRG. The unification of Germany was approved by the Soviet Union as well as the United States, Great Britain, and France. These countries relinquished their rights and responsibilities for Berlin and for "Germany as a whole" in a treaty providing a "Final Settlement" of the German question.
Download or read book Germany 1989 written by Lothar Kettenacker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In autumn 1989 the world watched transfixed as East German citizens, demonstrating under the banner ‘We are the people!’, staged the only successful, totally peaceful revolution in German history. By October 1990, the process of reunification was formally concluded, bringing together a nation that had been divided for almost four decades. Now, nearly twenty years later, it is possible to judge the causes and consequences of the revolution more clearly. Was the fall of the Berlin Wall an unexpected fluke, or was it, in fact, the result of a long process of engagement between East and West? And did the momentous events of 1989 really signal the start of a bright new future for a united Germany? In this probing and wide-ranging account, Lothar Kettenacker considers the background behind the division of Germany and explains how the Berlin Wall and its death trap border proved to be the most horrendous manifestation of East-West antagonism. He also looks beyond 1990 to show how the confusion caused by the sudden collapse of the GDR and the fusion of two radically different economies is proving to be a challenge that will preoccupy Germany for generations to come.
Download or read book The Unification of Germany 1989 1990 written by Richard A. Leiby and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 1999-01-30 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work examines the forces that shaped the 1989 revolution and the political decisions of East and West Germans that followed. The author also addresses the effect of mass emigration from East to West, the role of the Protestant clergy in the revolution, and foreign reactions to the changes.
Download or read book Unifying Germany 1989 90 written by Manfred Gortemaker and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 1995-06-09 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a well-reasoned and thoroughly-documented exploration of both the historical context and political dynamics of Germany's unification. Grtemaker analyzes the threads that connect recent German developments to the nation's past and also shows those aspects of the process of German reintegration that reflect profound discontinuity. Unifying Germany, 1989-90 is one of the fullest English-language treatments on the process yet produced. It gives a bird's-eye view of the events large and small that led to unification in Germany as well as painting the broader picture of communism's decline throughout eastern Europe. Readers will be particularly interested in the detailed study of the genesis of the liberalizing drive within the German Democratic Republic and the official reaction - on both sides of the Berlin Wall - to this phenomenon.
Download or read book The Unification and Reunification of Germany written by Jackie F. Stanmyre and published by Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2018-07-15 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The geography of Germany and the way it has been governed have changed many times since the 1800s. This book explores Otto von Bismarck's role in the formation of the modern German state, the partition of Germany following World War II, and the events surrounding the decline of European communism, including the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the reunification of East and West Germany in 1990. With photographs, maps, sidebars, and fast facts, readers will evaluate the country's numerous border changes and the massive impact they have had on the people who live there.
Download or read book The United States Congress and German Unification 1989 90 written by Lukas Schemper and published by . This book was released on 2015-04-01 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unifying Germany 1989 90 written by Manfred Gortemaker and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 1995-06-09 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a well-reasoned and thoroughly-documented exploration of both the historical context and political dynamics of Germany's unification. Grtemaker analyzes the threads that connect recent German developments to the nation's past and also shows those aspects of the process of German reintegration that reflect profound discontinuity. Unifying Germany, 1989-90 is one of the fullest English-language treatments on the process yet produced. It gives a bird's-eye view of the events large and small that led to unification in Germany as well as painting the broader picture of communism's decline throughout eastern Europe. Readers will be particularly interested in the detailed study of the genesis of the liberalizing drive within the German Democratic Republic and the official reaction - on both sides of the Berlin Wall - to this phenomenon.
Download or read book Ten Years of German Unification written by Jörn Leonhard and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2002-04-30 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In May 2000, scholars of history, law, politics, and economics gathered in London to compare their various methodological and empirical perspectives on the 1989-90 collapse of the Germanies into a unity, and the aftermath of the event from the perspective of a decade on. Their 14 studies cover histo
Download or read book The Imperfect Union written by Peter E. Quint and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-17 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the mid-summer of 1989 the German Democratic Republic-- known as the GDR or East Germany--was an autocratic state led by an entrenched Communist Party. A loyal member of the Warsaw Pact, it was a counterpart of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), which it confronted with a mixture of hostility and grudging accommodation across the divide created by the Cold War. Over the following year and a half, dramatic changes occurred in the political system of East Germany and culminated in the GDR's "accession" to the Federal Republic itself. Yet the end of Germany's division evoked its own new and very bitter constitutional problems. The Imperfect Union discusses these issues and shows that they are at the core of a great event of political, economic, and social history. Part I analyzes the constitutional history of eastern Germany from 1945 through the constitutional changes of 1989-1990 and beyond to the constitutions of the re-created east German states. Part II analyzes the Unification Treaty and the numerous problems arising from it: the fate of expropriated property on unification; the unification of the disparate eastern and western abortion regimes; the transformation of East German institutions, such as the civil service, the universities, and the judiciary; prosecution of former GDR leaders and officials; the "rehabilitation" and compensation of GDR victims; and the issues raised by the fateful legacy of the files of the East German secret police. Part III examines the external aspects of unification.
Download or read book The Diplomacy of German Unification written by Stephen F. Szabo and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 1992 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unification of Germany was the single most important event in 1989-90, the European year of revolutions. The Diplomacy of Germany Unification tells the story of the international aspects of the creation of united Germany. Based on interviews with key Soviet, German and American officials who shaped the final settlement, as well as on extensive journalistic and other secondary sources, this study is the most comprehensive account to date of the diplomatic negotiations over the future political, economic and security role of the new Germany. Dr. Szabo describes and examines such fundamental issues as the development of the grand compromise on NATO membership for united Germany and the new nation's future security status, the resolution of the Polish-German border debate, and the shaping of the diplomatic negotiation structure. This is an important book for all those wishing to understand the nature both of united Germany and of the new Europe.
Download or read book Mitterrand the End of the Cold War and German Unification written by Frédéric Bozo and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2009-10 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the role of France in the events leading up to the end of the Cold War and German unification. --from publisher description.
Download or read book Germany 1990 Is Not Germany 1939 the British Response to German Unification written by Markus Mehlig and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-05 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1,3, Dresden Technical University (Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: Seminar "Britain in Europe - Europe in Britain", language: English, abstract: When the first bricks and pieces of the Berlin Wall fell to the ground on 9 November 1989, the German soil might not have been the only thing that has been shaking on that day: As soon as the news arrived in Number 10 Downing Street, London, the floor in Margaret Thatcher's office might have been shaking as well. The metaphorical earthquake German reunification is considered today to have been in those days did not only cause disorientation and confusion in both German states but also in Great Britain. Since the four victorious powers decided to split the German nation into four parts - that later became only two - at the Yalta conference, the British felt save from their greatest enemy during the Second World War. The balance of power between the Soviet Union and the West seemed to be restored after the Cold War. Germany was not strong enough to even try to start a new war, which caused a strong securely feeling among the British people and its government. Now, that this stony guarantee for peace got its first cracks it forced the peaceful atmosphere - not only the British created in the bygone decades - to crack as well. In this paper I want to describe the response of both British politicians and the British people to the events that happened in the months between November 1989 and October 1990, but mainly concentrate on two of the most important ones for British politics during this time, namely the Nicholas Ridley affair and the revelation of the minutes of the Chequers meeting. The British press of course has not ignored these events. Since it became one of the most important commentators on the upheaval that went on in Germany and the British domestic discussions and affairs, I want to und
Download or read book German Reunification written by Jonathan Osmond and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1992 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprises essays on economic, social and political aspects of reunification, and an alphabetical guide to the people and organizations which played a notable part in reunification. Includes the texts of treaties between the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic.
