Download or read book Geosynthetic Clay Liners in Alkaline Environments written by JA. McKelvey and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) as secondary barrier layers in environmental applications such as landfills and other impoundment facilities is becoming increasingly more popular among the engineering community, particularly at project sites where earthen materials suitable for barrier layers may not be locally available. Design engineers for these environmental applications are becoming well versed at performing equivalency calculations comparing the performance of geosynthetic materials to their earthen counterparts. For barrier layers, these equivalency calculations would normally compare the mechanical and hydraulic properties of the GCL to a compacted clay liner. Of these properties, the ability of the hydraulic properties to withstand degradation due to permeation of contained leachates is of prominent concern. Such is the case in alkaline environments. The leachate may adversely affect the GCL by minimizing swelling, decreasing adsorption capacity and increasing the permeability of the material. If the effect on the material is significant, the usefulness of this product is diminished, possibly voiding any equivalency comparison to compacted clay liner performance. The design engineer must fully understand what effect, if any, specific leachates will have on the GCL being considered. Accordingly, appropriate performance testing with the leachate in question must be performed during the design phase and confirmed during construction through quality assurance testing.
Download or read book Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners written by Larry W. Well and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1997 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An engineering perspective on the liners, which are used as barriers for containing liquid and in conjunction with geomembranes in landfills and capping systems. Explore aspects of testing for shear strength and long-term creep, issues and methods of testing for hydraulic conductivity, and specifica
Download or read book Geosynthetic Clay Liners written by Erwin Gartung and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text, based on an international symposium held in 1994, covers geosynthetic clay liners (GCL), a type of geosynthetic material which blends natural soil and geosynthetics in the form of a composite barrier-system. Environmental applications have been a major use of GCL.
Download or read book Compatibility of Geosynthetic Clay Liners with Acidic Solutions written by Yang Liu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) are widely used as hydraulic barriers because of their sealing capacity in contact with water. However, with the increasing interest in their use in mining applications, the compatibility issues of GCLs to mining leachates are of some concern. This research work has been undertaken to enhance our understanding of compatibility of GCLs with strong acidic leachates, as for example, which may occur in mining leachates. Three types of bentonites were selected for this research program. Tests included index tests such as Atterberg limits, swell index, fluid loss and suspension rheology under various concentrations of sulfuric acid solutions. The results indicate that all index parameters degraded when the materials were exposed to acidic solutions. The degradation of these indices would indicate a high probability for the degradation of hydraulic performance of GCLs to occur based on established correlations between hydraulic conductivity and these indices. The mineralogical analyses on bentonite components of GCLs before and after reaction with sulfuric acid solutions were conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The dissolution of bentonite, loss of water from smectite interlayers, and the collapse of smectite layers were observed using these methods, these observations explained in part the degradation of the engineering indices and hydraulic performance of bentonites or GCLs. A series of flexible-wall permeameter tests were conducted to directly evaluate the hydraulic performance of GCLs when subjected to different concentrations of sulfuric acid solutions. Effective stress and prehydration condition, both of which can affect the hydraulic performance, were also considered. The hydraulic conductivity was observed to increase with increasing sulfuric acid concentration, but specimens prehydrated with water had lower resulting hydraulic conductivity to sulfuric acid leachates than non-prehydrated specimens. Higher applied effective stress tended to decrease the hydraulic conductivity presumably by compressing the specimens thereby resulting in smaller hydraulically active pores. Three powdered polymers, having either negative, positive or neutral charges, were used in this study to determine whether the hydraulic performance of bentonites under acidic conditions could be improved. Any improvements achieved were only observed under deionized water and low sulfuric acid concentration (≤0.015 M). Generally, no significant differences in test parameters caused by the polymer types (cationic, non-ionic and anionic) were observed under DI water and low sulfuric acid concentration (≤ 0.015 M). However, at higher acid concentrations, these polymers tended to lose effectiveness due probably to pH induced changes in polymer conformation, from presumably elongation to aggregate, at the clay surface. Sulfuric acid is detrimental to the hydraulic performance of GCLs, even if GCLs are prehydrated with good quality water. With better knowledge of how GCLs behave under strong acidic conditions, the geotechnical engineering community will be better equipped to approach and resolve potential problems involving interaction between GCLs and acidic solutions.
Download or read book Advances in Geosynthetic Clay Liner Technology written by Robert E. Mackey and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2004 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soon after the inception of ASTM D35.04 Subcommittee on Geosynthetic Clay Liners, the first symposium on Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs), STP 1308, was held on 29 January 1996, in Atlanta, Georgia. The intention of the symposium was to bring together the current knowledge and understanding regarding this relatively new product used in containment systems. Since that symposium, numerous GCL standards have been developed along with a greater appreciation of the product's capabilities and limitations. ASTM D35 determined it was time to assess the current state of GCL technology to better address possible revisions of the present ASTM GCL standards and determine what new standards will be required in the future.
Download or read book Field Performance of a Geosynthetic Clay Liner GCL Used as the Hydraulic Barrier Layer in a Landfill Cover in Southwestern Wisconsin written by Patricia Ann Thorstad and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Clay Geosynthetic Barriers written by H. Zanzinger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clay geosynthetic barriers are most frequently used in environmental areas, such as landfill cover systems. This work discusses the durability and lifetime aspects of clay geosynthetic barriers related to the synthetic yarns and fibres.
Download or read book Compatibility of Geosynthetic Clay Liners GCLs with Multi species Inorganic Solutions written by Dale Christian Kolstad and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 5th ICEG Environmental Geotechnics written by Hywel R. Thomas and published by Thomas Telford Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geosynthetic Clay Liners for Waste Containment Facilities written by Abdelmalek Bouazza and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-11-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly stringent regulation of pollution and waste production worldwide drives the need to isolate contaminants that pose a threat to human and environmental health by using engineered barrier systems involving the use of low permeable materials. Over the past two decades, geosynthetic clay liners have gained widespread acceptance for use in such barrier systems. They are often used as a component of primary and secondary base liners or final cover systems in municipal solid-waste landfills as well as in regulated industrial storage and mining waste-disposal facilities. This book gives a comprehensive and authoritative review of the current state of practice on geosynthetic clay liners in waste containments. It provides an insight into individual materials (bentonite and the associated geosynthetics) and the manufacturing processes. This is followed by the coverage of important topics such as hydraulic conductivity, chemical compatibility, contaminant transport, gas migration, shear strength and slope stability, and field performance.
Download or read book Geosynthetic Clay Liners for Waste Containment Facilities written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydraulic and Chemical Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Overlain by Geomembrane in Landfill Final Covers written by Joseph Scalia and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geosynthetic Clay Liners Shrinkage Under Simulated Daily Thermal Cycles written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geosynthetic clay liners are used as part of composite liner systems in municipal solid waste landfills and other applications to restrict the escape of contaminants into the surrounding environment. This is attainable provided that the geosynthetic clay liner panels continuously cover the subsoil. Previous case histories, however, have shown that some geosynthetic clay liner panels are prone to significant shrinkage and separation when an overlying geomembrane is exposed to solar radiation. Experimental models were initiated to evaluate the potential shrinkage of different geosynthetic clay liner products placed over sand and clay subsoils, subjected to simulated daily thermal cycles (60°C for 8 hours and 22°C for 16 hours) modelling field conditions in which the liner is exposed to solar radiation. The variation of geosynthetic clay liner shrinkage was evaluated at specified times by a photogrammetry technique. The manufacturing techniques, the initial moisture content, and the aspect ratio (ratio of length to width) of the geosynthetic clay liner were found to considerably affect the shrinkage of geosynthetic clay liners. The particle size distribution of the subsoil and the associated suction at the geosynthetic clay liner–subsoil interface was also found to have significant effects on the shrinkage of the geosynthetic clay liner.
Download or read book First Exposure Performance of the Bentonite Component of a GCL in a Low pH Calcium Enriched Environment written by JJ. Bowders and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Testing was conducted on the bentonite portion of a Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) for application to an environment characterized as having high concentrations of dissolved calcium ions. This environment presents conditions that might affect the long-term hydraulic function of the GCL as a component in a barrier system. Experiments were conducted to investigate first-exposure compatibility of a sodium bentonite GCL subject to the affects of acidic groundwater and second from the combined affects of acidic groundwater enriched with calcium. Relationships between the ionic exchange of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium species in the bentonite, and changes in hydraulic conductivity and electrical conductance are reported and discussed.
Download or read book Standard Guide for Installation of Geosynthetic Clay Liners written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The potential use of geosynthetic clay liners as final covers in arid regions written by Brian Thomas Boardman and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unsaturated Soils Research Applications written by Nasser Khalili and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 1872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unsaturated Soils: Research and Applications contains 247 papers presented at 6th International Conference on Unsaturated Soils (UNSAT2014, Sydney, Australia, 2-4 July 2014). The two volumes provide an overview of recent experimental and theoretical advances in a wide variety of topics related to unsaturated soil mechanics:- Unsaturated Soil Behavi
