Download or read book The Rise and Fall of Indian Country 1825 1855 written by William E. Unrau and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2024-01-05 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Indian Trade and Intercourse Act of 1834 represented what many considered the ongoing benevolence of the United States toward Native Americans, establishing a congressionally designated refuge for displaced Indians to protect them from exploitation by white men. Others came to see it as a legally sanctioned way to swindle them out of their land. This first book-length study of "Indian country" focuses on Section 1 of the 1834 Act-which established its boundaries-to show that this legislation was ineffectual from the beginning. William Unrau challenges conventional views that the act was a continuation of the government's benevolence toward Indians, revealing it instead as little more than a deceptive stopgap that facilitated white settlement and development of the trans-Missouri West. Encompassing more than half of the Louisiana Purchase and stretching from the Red River to the headwaters of the Missouri, Indian country was designated as a place for Native survival and improvement. Unrau shows that, although many consider that the territory merely fell victim to Manifest Destiny, the concept of Indian country was flawed from the start by such factors as distorted perceptions of the region's economic potential, tribal land compressions, government complicity in overland travel and commerce, and blatant disregard for federal regulations. Chronicling the encroachments of land-hungry whites, which met with little resistance from negligent if not complicit lawmakers and bureaucrats, he tells how the protection of Indian country lasted only until the needs of westward expansion outweighed those associated with the presumed solution to the "Indian problem" and how subsequent legislation negated the supposed permanence of Indian lands. When thousands of settlers began entering Kansas Territory in 1854, the government appeared powerless to protect Indians-even though it had been responsible for carving Kansas out of Indian country in the first place. Unrau's work shows that there has been a general misunderstanding of Indian country both then and now-that it was never more or less than what the white man said it was, not what the Indians were told or believed-and represents a significant chapter in the shameful history of America's treatment of Indians.
Download or read book Indian Affairs and the Administrative State in the Nineteenth Century written by Stephen J. Rockwell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-07 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stephen J. Rockwell analyzes the role of national administration in Indian affairs and other national policy areas related to westward expansion in the nineteenth century.
Download or read book The Indomitable Mary Easton Sibley written by Kristie C. Wolferman and published by University of Missouri Press. This book was released on 2008-09-03 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acknowledged as a significant figure in the history of women on the early western frontier, Mary Easton Sibley may be little known to many modern readers. Yet she was involved in most of the important events in nineteenth-century Missouri, pursued and practiced educational innovations, and founded a school that continues to thrive today. This first biography of Sibley sheds new light on this important pioneer. Kristie Wolferman retraces the course of an exciting life, beginning with four-year-old Mary’s arrival in St. Louis in 1804 when her father was appointed attorney general for the District of Louisiana—and the Eastons became one of the first American families to settle in this bustling French town. At fifteen, Mary married George Champlin Sibley, the factor of Fort Osage in Western Missouri, where the young bride lived among the Indians on the edge of the frontier and took up her teaching vocation. She then went on to found Linden Wood in St. Charles, the first college for women west of the Mississippi, and she also taught classes for African American and immigrant children. Throughout the story, Wolferman shows us a life intimately entwined with the history of the state, as Mary witnessed St. Louis in its primitive years and frontier life at Fort Osage, as well as changes in Indian policy and citizenship for former slaves. Although Sibley’s life has been told in older accounts, Wolferman’s is the first to draw fully on Mary and George Sibley’s journals and letters, with Mary’s journal especially shedding light on her views regarding women’s social and political roles, slavery, temperance, religion, and other topics. By reconstructing Sibley’s inner life as well as her career, Wolferman depicts not merely a frontier heroine and educational pioneer but an assertive woman who did not hesitate to express unconventional views. Today, Lindenwood University is a major coeducational institution that continues to honor Mary Sibley’s philosophy and dedication. This biography not only brings to life one of Missouri’s most remarkable women educators but also demonstrates how her story reflects educational, religious, and social developments in both the state and the nation. The Indomitable Mary Easton Sibley recognizes her as a key player on the frontier and as a major part of Missouri’s heritage.
Download or read book Missouri Law and the American Conscience written by Kenneth H. Winn and published by University of Missouri Press. This book was released on 2016-12-31 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until recently, many of Missouri’s legal records were inaccessible and the existence of many influential, historic cases was unknown. The ten essays in this volume showcase Missouri as both maker and microcosm of American history. Some of the topics are famous: Dred Scott’s slave freedom suit, Virginia Minor’s women’s suffrage case, Curt Flood’s suit against professional baseball, and the Nancy Cruzan “right to die” case. Other essays cover court cases concerning the uneasy incorporation of ethnic and cultural populations into the United States; political loyalty tests during the Civil War; the alleviation of cruelty to poor and criminally institutionalized children; the barring of women to serve on juries decades after they could vote; and the creation of the “Missouri Court Plan,” a national model for judicial selection.
Download or read book Wanderer on the American Frontier written by John Maley and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2018-10-04 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For nearly two hundred years, a fragment of the journal of John Maley, an obscure explorer on the American frontier, resided at Yale University and was treated with some skepticism by historians. It was only in 2012, when the first half of the manuscript turned up at a barn sale in Pennsylvania and was acquired by Southern Methodist University’s DeGolyer Library, that the full story of Maley’s travels could be pieced together. Wanderer on the American Frontier makes the complete journal available for the first time, allowing readers to follow a contemporary of Lewis and Clark on his journey through the Ohio, Mississippi, and Red River valleys, and to reassess the account’s authenticity. Between 1808 and 1813, Maley covered more than 16,000 miles through thirteen present-day states. Much of that travel took him beyond the fringes of civilization, and his journal offers some of the earliest descriptions of the Ozark Plateau, the Ouachita Mountains, and the upper reaches of the Red River. His account also provides a firsthand look at life on the frontier in the tumultuous years following the Louisiana Purchase. Editor F. Andrew Dowdy has carefully retraced Maley’s steps and, with extensive use of maps, has reconciled some of the journal’s more confusing passages to give readers clear modern-day reference points. Numerous annotations and appendices provide necessary historical context, from the link between Maley’s 1809 Indiana copper exploration and the Treaty of Fort Wayne, to the ways his 1811 foray into Spanish Texas presaged further filibusters there during the Mexican War for Independence. The fascinating tale of one of the wider-ranging explorers in American history, Wanderer on the American Frontier is an invaluable resource that provides a unique window on the West in the early nineteenth century.
Download or read book Engines of Diplomacy written by David Andrew Nichols and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2016-04-12 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a fledgling republic, the United States implemented a series of trading outposts to engage indigenous peoples and to expand American interests west of the Appalachian Mountains. Under the authority of the executive branch, this Indian factory system was designed to strengthen economic ties between Indian nations and the United States, while eliminating competition from unscrupulous fur traders. In this detailed history of the Indian factory system, David Andrew Nichols demonstrates how Native Americans and U.S. government authorities sought to exert their power in the trading posts by using them as sites for commerce, political maneuvering, and diplomatic action. Using the factory system as a lens through which to study the material, political, and economic lives of Indian peoples, Nichols also sheds new light on the complexities of trade and diplomacy between whites and Native Americans. Though the system ultimately disintegrated following the War of 1812 and the Panic of 1819, Nichols shows that these factories nonetheless served as important centers of economic and political authority for an expanding inland empire.
Download or read book CIS Index to Presidential Executive Orders Proclamations Apr 30 1789 to Mar 4 1921 George Washington to Woodrow Wilson 10 v written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A History of Missouri from the Earliest Explorations and Settlements Until the Admission of the State Into the Union written by Louis Houck and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Ends with the admission of Missouri as a state in 1821. Of all Missouri state histories, this one is cited most often by writers about the Santa Fe Trail. It contains a number of documents on early exploration and fur trade" (Rittenhouse).
Download or read book American State Papers written by United States. Congress and published by . This book was released on 1834 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Great Plains Quarterly written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indian Villages of the Illinois Country written by and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Westering Man written by Bil Gilbert and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint. Originally published: New York: Atheneum, 1983.
Download or read book The War of 1812 U S War Department Correspondence 1812 1815 written by John C. Fredriksen and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2016-07-19 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The War of 1812 saw the United States wracked by political dissent and saddled with a problematic military policy. The new nation notably failed in its attempted occupation of Canada in a bid to leverage better treatment from Great Britain but in two and a half years of fighting, there were American victories and defeats, none of which decisively altered events or advanced the national agenda. In the end, the grievances listed in President Madison's war message to Congress--British harassment of American shipping, the impressment of American citizens and the instigation of hostilities by Indian tribes--were all mitigated by the time the Treaty of Ghent was signed in 1814 (mainly attributable to the fall of Napoleon). This collection of War Department correspondence gives a complete account through more than 11,000 official and unofficial letters, annotated and indexed here for the first time.
Download or read book Archaeology of the War of 1812 written by Michael T. Lucas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-16 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first summary of how archaeology has contributed to our understanding of the War of 1812. The contributors of original papers discuss recent excavations and field surveys that present an archaeological perspective that enriches,—and often conflicts with, received historical narratives. The studies cover fortifications, encampments, landscapes, shipwrecks, and battles in the midwestern, southern, mid-atlantic, and northeastern regions of the United States and in Canada. In addition to archaeologists, this volume will appeal to military history specialists and other historians.
Download or read book Cher Oncle Cher Papa written by François Chouteau and published by Western Historical Manuscript Collection-Kansa Ity of Missou. This book was released on 2001 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of a Fur trading Expedition on the Upper Missouri written by John C. Luttig and published by St. Louis : Missouri Historical Society. This book was released on 1920 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Native Ground written by Kathleen DuVal and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Native Ground, Kathleen DuVal argues that it was Indians rather than European would-be colonizers who were more often able to determine the form and content of the relations between the two groups. Along the banks of the Arkansas and Mississippi rivers, far from Paris, Madrid, and London, European colonialism met neither accommodation nor resistance but incorporation. Rather than being colonized, Indians drew European empires into local patterns of land and resource allocation, sustenance, goods exchange, gender relations, diplomacy, and warfare. Placing Indians at the center of the story, DuVal shows both their diversity and our contemporary tendency to exaggerate the influence of Europeans in places far from their centers of power. Europeans were often more dependent on Indians than Indians were on them. Now the states of Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Colorado, this native ground was originally populated by indigenous peoples, became part of the French and Spanish empires, and in 1803 was bought by the United States in the Louisiana Purchase. Drawing on archaeology and oral history, as well as documents in English, French, and Spanish, DuVal chronicles the successive migrations of Indians and Europeans to the area from precolonial times through the 1820s. These myriad native groups—Mississippians, Quapaws, Osages, Chickasaws, Caddos, and Cherokees—and the waves of Europeans all competed with one another for control of the region. Only in the nineteenth century did outsiders initiate a future in which one people would claim exclusive ownership of the mid-continent. After the War of 1812, these settlers came in numbers large enough to overwhelm the region's inhabitants and reject the early patterns of cross-cultural interdependence. As citizens of the United States, they persuaded the federal government to muster its resources on behalf of their dreams of landholding and citizenship. With keen insight and broad vision, Kathleen DuVal retells the story of Indian and European contact in a more complex and, ultimately, more satisfactory way.
