Download or read book Geophysical Continua written by B. L. N. Kennett and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geophysical Continua presents a systematic treatment of deformation in the Earth from seismic to geologic time scales, and demonstrates the linkages between different aspects of the Earth's interior that are often treated separately. A unified treatment of solids and fluids is developed to include thermodynamics and electrodynamics, in order to cover the full range of tools needed to understand the interior of the globe. The emphasis throughout the book is on relating seismological observations with interpretations of Earth processes. Physical principles and mathematical descriptions are developed that can be applied to a broad spectrum of geodynamic problems. Incorporating illustrative examples and an introduction to modern computational techniques, this textbook is designed for graduate-level courses in geophysics and geodynamics. It is also a useful reference for practising Earth scientists.

Download or read book The Interaction Between Earth s Rotation and Geophysical Processes written by Nikolay S. Sidorenkov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-08-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling an important gap in the geophysical literature at specialist level, this monograph is the only up-to-date title to provide a link between the Earth's rotation and its atmo- and hydrosphere, including the ice masses. Starting with the Earth's motions, the text goes on to look at irregularities and the effect of atmospheric processes on the Earth's spin. Tides and seasons occupy the following sections before a discussion of the Earth-ocean-atmosphere system and the mechanical action of the atmosphere on the Earth's rotation. The whole is rounded off by an index of abbreviations and appendices with sections on related physics for better readability, plus a comprehensive bibliography for further reading. A must for geophysicists, oceanographers, glaciologists, climatologists and meteorologists alike.

Download or read book Continuum Mechanics in Environmental Sciences and Geophysics written by K. Hutter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-04 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern continuum mechanics is the topic of this book. After its introduction it will be applied to a few typical systems arising in the environmental sciences and in geophysics. In large lake/ocean dynamics peculiar effects of the rotation of the Earth will be analyzed in linear/nonlinear processes of a homogenous and inhomogenous water body. Strong thermomechanical coupling paired with nonlinear rheology affects the flow of large ice sheets (such as Antarctica and Greenland) and ice shelves. Its response to the climatic forcing in an environmental of greenhouse warming may significantly affect the life of future generations. The mechanical behavior of granular materials under quasistatic loadings requires non-classical mixture concepts and encounters generally complicated elastic-plastic-type constitutive behavior. Creeping flow of soils, consolidation processes and ground water flow are described by such theories. Rapid shearing flow of granular materials lead to constitutive relations for the stresses which incorporate rate independent behavior of Mohr-Coulomb type together with dispersive stress contributions due to particle collisions. Rockfalls, sturzstroms, snow and ice avalanches, but also debris flow and sea ice drifting can be described with such formulations.

Download or read book Waves And Rays In Elastic Continua 3rd Edition written by Michael A Slawinski and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-12-15 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book — which is the third, significantly revised edition of the textbook originally published by Elsevier Science — emphasizes the interdependence of mathematical formulation and physical meaning in the description of seismic phenomena. Herein, we use aspects of continuum mechanics, wave theory and ray theory to explain phenomena resulting from the propagation of seismic waves.The book is divided into three main sections: Elastic Continua, Waves and Rays and Variational Formulation of Rays. There is also a fourth part, which consists of appendices.In Elastic Continua, we use continuum mechanics to describe the material through which seismic waves propagate, and to formulate a system of equations to study the behaviour of such a material. In Waves and Rays, we use these equations to identify the types of body waves propagating in elastic continua as well as to express their velocities and displacements in terms of the properties of these continua. To solve the equations of motion in anisotropic inhomogeneous continua, we invoke the concept of a ray. In Variational Formulation of Rays, we show that, in elastic continua, a ray is tantamount to a trajectory along which a seismic signal propagates in accordance with the variational principle of stationary traveltime. Consequently, many seismic problems in elastic continua can be conveniently formulated and solved using the calculus of variations. In the Appendices, we describe two mathematical concepts that are used in the book; namely, homogeneity of a function and Legendre's transformation. This section also contains a list of symbols.

Download or read book Waves And Rays In Elastic Continua Fourth Edition written by Michael A Slawinski and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-09-24 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seismology, as a branch of mathematical physics, is an active subject of both research and development. Its reliance on computational and technological advances continuously motivates the developments of its underlying theory. The fourth edition of Waves and Rays in Elastic Continua responds to these needs.The book is both a research reference and a textbook. Its careful and explanatory style, which includes numerous exercises with detailed solutions, makes it an excellent textbook for the senior undergraduate and graduate courses, as well as for an independent study. Used in its entirety, the book could serve as a sole textbook for a year-long course in quantitative seismology. Its parts, however, are designed to be used independently for shorter courses with different emphases. The book is not limited to quantitive seismology; it can serve as a textbook for courses in mathematical physics or applied mathematics.

Download or read book Waves And Rays In Elastic Continua written by Michael A Slawinski and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2010-09-09 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book — which is the second, and significantly extended, edition of the textbook originally published by Elsevier Science — emphasizes the interdependence of mathematical formulation and physical meaning in the description of seismic phenomena. Herein, we use aspects of continuum mechanics, wave theory and ray theory to explain phenomena resulting from the propagation of seismic waves.The book is divided into three main sections: Elastic Continua, Waves and Rays and Variational Formulation of Rays. There is also a fourth part, which consists of appendices.In Elastic Continua, we use continuum mechanics to describe the material through which seismic waves propagate, and to formulate a system of equations to study the behaviour of such a material. In Waves and Rays, we use these equations to identify the types of body waves propagating in elastic continua as well as to express their velocities and displacements in terms of the properties of these continua. To solve the equations of motion in anisotropic inhomogeneous continua, we invoke the concept of a ray. In Variational Formulation of Rays, we show that, in elastic continua, a ray is tantamount to a trajectory along which a seismic signal propagates in accordance with the variational principle of stationary traveltime. Consequently, many seismic problems in elastic continua can be conveniently formulated and solved using the calculus of variations. In the Appendices, we describe two mathematical concepts that are used in the book; namely, homogeneity of a function and Legendre's transformation. This section also contains a list of symbols.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Geophysics written by William Lowrie and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This enduringly popular undergraduate textbook has been thoroughly reworked and updated, and now comprises twelve chapters covering the same breadth of topics as earlier editions, but in a substantially modernized fashion to facilitate classroom teaching. Covering both theoretical and applied aspects of geophysics, clear explanations of the physical principles are blended with step-by-step derivations of the key equations and over 400 explanatory figures to explain the internal structure and properties of the planet, including its petroleum and mineral resources. New topics include the latest data acquisition technologies, such as satellite geophysics, planetary landers, ocean bottom seismometers, and fibre optic methods, as well as recent research developments in ambient noise interferometry, seismic hazard analysis, rheology, and numerical modelling - all illustrated with examples from the scientific literature. Student-friendly features include separate text boxes with auxiliary explanations and advanced topics of interest; reading lists of foundational, alternative, or more detailed resources; end-of-chapter review questions and an increased number of quantitative exercises. Completely new to this edition is the addition of computational exercises in Python, designed to help students acquire important programming skills and develop a more profound understanding of geophysics.

Download or read book Angular Momentum in Geophysical Turbulence written by Victor N. Nikolaevskiy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turbulence theory is one of the most intriguing parts of fluid mechanics and many outstanding scientists have tried to apply their knowledge to the development of the theory and to offer useful recommendations for solution of some practical problems. In this monograph the author attempts to integrate many specific approaches into the unified theory. The basic premise is the simple idea that a small eddy, that is an element of turbulent meso-structure, possesses its own dynamics as an object rotating with its own spin velocity and obeying the Newton dynamics of a finite body. A number of such eddies fills a coordinate cell, and the angular momentum balance has to be formulated for this spatial cell. If the cell coincides with a finite difference element at a numerical calculation and if the external length scale is large, this elementary volume can be considered as a differential one and a continuum parameterization has to be used. Nontrivial angular balance is a consequence of the asymmetrical Reynolds stress action at the oriented sides of an elementary volume. At first glance, the averaged dyad of velocity components is symmetrical, == However, if averaging is performed over the plane with normal nj, the principle of commutation is lost. As a result, the stress tensor asymmetry j is determined by other factors that participate in the angular momentum balance. This is the only possibility to determine a stress in engineering.

Download or read book Introduction to Geophysics written by Christoph Clauser and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook on geophysics is a translated and revised editon from its third German edition Einfhrung in die Geophysik - Globale physikalische Felder und Prozesse in der Erde. Explaining the technical terminology, it introduces students and the interested scientific public to the physics of the Earth at an intermediate level. In doing so, it goes far beyond a purely phenomenological description, but systematically explains the physical principles of the processes and fields which affect the entire Earth: Its position in space; its internal structure; its age and that of its rocks; earthquakes and how they are used in exploring Earths structure; its shape, tides, and isostatic equilibrium; Earth's magnetic field, the geodynamo that generates it, and the interaction between the Earth's magnetosphere and the solar wind's plasma flow; the Earth's temperature field and heat transport processes in the core, mantle, and crust of the Earth and their role in driving the geodynamo and plate tectonics. All chapters begin with a brief historical outline describing the development of each branch of geophysics up to the recent past. Selected biographies illustrate the personal and social conditions under which groundbreaking results were achieved. Detailed mathematical derivations facilitate understanding. Exercises with worked-out results allow readers to test the gained understanding. A detailed appendix contains a wealth of useful additional information such as a geological time table, general reference data, conversion factors, the latest values of the natural constants, vector and tensor calculus, and two chapters on the basic equations of hydrodynamics and hydrothermics. The book addresses bachelor and master students of geophysics and general earth science, as well as students of physics, engineering, and environmental sciences with geophysics as a minor subject. The Author Christoph Clauser accepted the professorship for Applied Geophysics at RWTH Aachen University in Aachen, Germany in 2000. There, from 2007 until his retirement in 2018, he held the Chair of Applied Geophysics and Geothermal Energy at the E.ON Energy Research Center. He is an elected member of the National Academy of Sciences - German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. He is specialized in geophysical aspects of reservoir engineering, particularly related to geothermal energy, hydrocarbons, and geological carbon dioxide sequestration.

Download or read book Diagenesis II written by G.V. Chilingarian and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1988-12-01 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diagenesis is a highly developed, interdisciplinary field of study. It is reciprocal in that it borrows from numerous scientific or technological specialities and then, in turn, repays them with useful results. Too often, however, the information gained and concepts developed remain unintegrated instead of being utilized quickly by several related earth-science fraternities. This volume, the second of a multi-volume work, attempts to bring together such information, thereby assisting the individual and the research group in keeping up with the data explosion. There is no end in sight to diagenetic research because of its wide practical and intellectual appeals. Consequently, periodic reviews, such as presented in this volume, are greatly needed.

Download or read book Achievements History and Challenges in Geophysics written by Robert Bialik and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last six decades, the field of geophysics has experienced rapid development. Seismic methods, magnetic studies, hydrology and atmospheric sciences have expanded thanks to a boom in the computer sciences and measurement techniques. The frontiers of geophysics have also expanded, now including research on the polar areas, both Arctic and Antarctic. All these events are clearly reflected in the 60-year-long history of the Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences. This volume describes the most prominent achievements, the history of research and also the future potential of the Institute of Geophysics PAS. It describes measurements in various projects, methods of interpreting scientific data, and last but not least the people who have driven this research in many scientific projects.

Download or read book Geophysical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Geophysical Abstracts written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book From Waves in Complex Systems to Dynamics of Generalized Continua written by Kolumban Hutter and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book reviews recent research activities in applied mechanics and applied mathematics such as the fields of solid & fluid constitutive modeling for coupled fields, applications of geophysical & environmental context in judicious numerical-computational implementations. The book aims to merge foundation aspects of continuum mechanics with modern technological applications, notably on reviewing recent advances in the treated subjects in an attractive presentation accessible to a wide readership of engineering and applied sciences.

Download or read book Treatise on Geophysics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-04-17 with total page 5604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatise on Geophysics, Second Edition, is a comprehensive and in-depth study of the physics of the Earth beyond what any geophysics text has provided previously. Thoroughly revised and updated, it provides fundamental and state-of-the-art discussion of all aspects of geophysics. A highlight of the second edition is a new volume on Near Surface Geophysics that discusses the role of geophysics in the exploitation and conservation of natural resources and the assessment of degradation of natural systems by pollution. Additional features include new material in the Planets and Moon, Mantle Dynamics, Core Dynamics, Crustal and Lithosphere Dynamics, Evolution of the Earth, and Geodesy volumes. New material is also presented on the uses of Earth gravity measurements. This title is essential for professionals, researchers, professors, and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of Geophysics and Earth system science. Comprehensive and detailed coverage of all aspects of geophysics Fundamental and state-of-the-art discussions of all research topics Integration of topics into a coherent whole

Download or read book Exploiting Seismic Waveforms written by Brian L. N. Kennett and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-03 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developments in seismology including correlation techniques, heterogeneity and waveform inversion, illustrated with observational examples.

Download or read book Continuum and Computational Mechanics for Geomechanical Engineers written by Ömer Aydan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-04-20 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of rock mechanics and rock engineering utilizes the basic laws of continuum mechanics and the techniques developed in computational mechanics. This book describes the basic concepts behind these fundamental laws and their utilization in practice irrespective of whether rock/rock mass contains discontinuities. This book consists of nine chapters and six appendices. The first four chapters are concerned with continuum mechanics aspects, which include the basic operations, definition of stress and strain tensors, and derivation of four fundamental conservation laws in the simplest yet precise manner. The next two chapters are the preparation for computational mechanics, which require constitutive laws of geomaterials relevant to each conservation law and the procedures for how to determine required parameters of the constitutive laws. Computational mechanics solves the resulting ordinary and partial differential equations. In Chapter 7, the methods of exact (closed-form) solutions are explained and they are applied to ordinary/partial differential equations with solvable boundary and initial conditions. In Chapter 8, the fundamentals of approximate solution methods are explained for one dimension first and then how to extend them to multi-dimensional problems. The readers are expected to learn and clearly understand how they are derived and applied to various problems in geomechanics. The final chapter involves the applications of the approximate methods to the actual problems in practice for geomechanical engineers, which cover the continuum to discontinuum, including the stress state of the earth as well as the ground motions induced by earthquakes. Six appendices are provided to have a clear understanding of continuum mechanics operations and procedures for how to deal with discontinuities/interfaces often encountered in rock mechanics and rock engineering.