Download or read book Geomechanics of Fluid Injection in Geological Reservoirs written by Kamelia Atefi Monfared and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous petroleum engineering, mining, and enhanced geothermal energy operations involve cyclic ‎injection of fluids into geological formations. Geomechanics of injection operations in weakly ‎consolidated or unconsolidated reservoirs is complex, and means for analyzing the involved physical ‎processes are limited. The key feature that must be considered is parting of the formation during ‎injection, which occurs at near zero effective stresses when strength and stiffness of the medium ‎become effectively zero. Even if peculiarities of the granular media behavior at near zero effective ‎stresses are disregarded and a highly idealized Mohr-Coulomb behavior coupled with constant ‎permeability Darcy flow is assumed, the injection problem is still highly challenging. This type of ‎poroplastic formulation remains analytically intractable even for simplest geometries. Numerical ‎computations are highly challenging as well, due to high fluid-solid matrix stiffness contrast. ‎ Much effort has been devoted thus far to understand soil-fluid interactions in geological reservoirs ‎triggered by borehole excavation and production operations. With regards to injection operations ‎however, practically no comprehensive study has been performed to access the fundamental ‎geomechanical processes involved. Previous attempts to evaluate injection operations mainly ‎concentrate on describing fracture growth in hard brittle formations. In principle, the geomechanical ‎processes prior to fracture initiation are particularly complicated in weakly consolidated strata. This ‎dissertation presents analytical solutions and numerical models to examine geomechanics of high ‎pressure fluid injection in conditions when flow rates are high enough to induce plasticity yet not ‎parting of the formation. The study considers injection through a fully-penetrating vertical wellbore ‎into an isotropic, homogeneous unconsolidated geological layer confined between impermeable seal ‎rock layers. Axisymmetric conditions are assumed. The main objective is to evaluate the time ‎dependent geomechanical response of the unconsolidated reservoir in such conditions focusing on ‎failure mechanisms and permanent changes in stress conditions around the injection area. Results of ‎this research makes it possible to address the issue of integrity of confining strata, facilitate assessments ‎of potential leakage areas, and offer aid for optimization of injection operations as well as in ‎formulating monitoring strategies.‎ First, rock-fluid interactions are evaluated prior to the state where limiting shear resistance is ‎reached during injection. Unlike previous studies, impacts of vertical confinement governed by the ‎stiffness of the overburden layer are incorporated. The Winkler spring model approximation is ‎implemented to describe the response of the confining strata in the plane perpendicular to the reservoir. ‎New poroelastic analytical solutions are derived to describe evolution of stress and strain components in ‎time as a function of induced pore pressures. Solutions are verified against fully-coupled numerical ‎models designed in this study. Next, novel insights into the geomechanics of parting in various stress ‎regimes is offered via a comprehensive assessment of stress perturbations surrounding vertical injection ‎wellbores. A thorough sensitivity analysis is conducted to examine the effect of vertical confinement ‎and rock-fluid characteristic parameters on the reservoir response in the wellbore vicinity. Results ‎demonstrate a notable impact of seal rock stiffness on the near wellbore rock behavior in formations ‎with high intrinsic permeability (typically exceeding 0.05 Darcy). The study shows that the key ‎parameter controlling the injection process in the poroelastic regime is the ratio of the overburden ‎Winkler stiffness to the reservoir's bulk modulus, with the Winkler parameter reflecting the seal rock ‎stiffness. When this ratio approaches unity, practically no shear stress is induced in the reservoir while ‎for ratios exceeding unity, deviatoric stresses gradually increase. In situations when the stiffness ratio is ‎below unity, the porous formations can behave in a rather complicated manner depending on the initial ‎stress regime where redirection of the minimal principal stress occurs from a horizontal to a vertical ‎plane. Sensitivity analyses reveal that at the same injection rate rock failure occur more rapidly in ‎conditions of higher stress anisotropy, higher elastic moduli, lower permeability, higher degree of rock-‎fluid coupling, and a higher vertical confinement.‎ Next, rock-fluid interactions are evaluated in an unconsolidated reservoir formation confined ‎between two stiff seal rock layers subjected to injection pressures high enough to induce plasticity yet ‎not parting of the formation. The injection process is first examined numerically by constructing a ‎fluid-coupled poro-elasto-plastic model in which propagation of the significant influence zone ‎surrounding the injection borehole is quantified by the extent of the plastic domain. A comprehensive ‎assessment of stresses, pore pressures, as well as failure planes is carried out throughout an entire ‎transient state of an injection cycle, at steady state, and also during the shut-in period. The numerical ‎solution describes five distinct zones evolving with time around the injection well and corresponding to ‎different stress states: liquefaction at the wellbore followed by three inner plastic domains where ‎directions of major principal stress changes from vertical to radial and failure planes change accordingly. ‎The plastic domains are followed by a region where stress states remain in the elastic range. Failure ‎mechanisms at the wellbore is found to be in shear initially, followed by development of a state of zero ‎effective stress, i.e. liquefaction. Next, a novel methodology is proposed based on which new weakly-‎coupled poro-elasto-plastic analytical solutions are derived for the stress/strain components during ‎injection. Unlike previous studies, extension of the plastic zone is obtained as a function of injection ‎pressure, incorporating the plasticity effects around the injection well. The derived loosely-coupled ‎solutions are proven to be good approximations of fully-coupled numerical models. These solutions ‎offer a significant advantage over numerical computations as the run time of a fully-coupled numerical ‎model is exceedingly long (requiring about six months for 661 million time computational steps using ‎FLAC3D 3.0 code on Intel® i7 3.33 GHz CPU).‎ The final part of this dissertation includes a brief chapter on the post-injection behavior of ‎unconsolidated reservoir formations confined with stiff seal rock layers. Pore pressure dissipation, stress ‎variations, and the transition behavior of the plastic domain surrounding the injection wellbore to an ‎elastic state are numerically evaluated. Results offer an original insight into the permanent ‎geomechanical effects of injection operations in such formations. ‎.

Download or read book Fluid Injection in Deformable Geological Formations written by Benjamin Loret and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-06 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an introduction to the geomechanical issues raised by both the extraction of actual and potential energy resources, and by the treatment of the ensuing environmental concerns. Discussions of the operations of injection of fluids into, and withdrawal from, geological formations link the chapters, each devoted to a particular technical aspect or scientific issue, or to a particular energy resource. Subjects are ordered according to their industrial applications, including enhanced oil and gas recovery, gas hydrates, enhanced geothermal systems, hydraulic fracturing, and carbon dioxide sequestration. An overview of the industrial, research and simulation aspects for each subject is provided. Fluid Injection in Deformable Geological Formations will be of interest to academic and industrial researchers in a wide variety of fields, including computational mechanics, civil engineering, geotechnical engineering and geomechanics, engineering seismology, petroleum engineering, reservoir engineering, and engineering geology.

Download or read book Fluid Injection in Deformable Geological Formations written by B. Loret and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book offers an introduction to the geomechanical issues raised by both the extraction of actual and potential energy resources, and by the treatment of the ensuing environmental concerns. Discussions of the operations of injection of fluids into, and withdrawal from, geological formations link the chapters, each devoted to a particular technical aspect or scientific issue, or to a particular energy resource.Subjects are ordered according to their industrial applications, including enhanced oil and gas recovery, gas hydrates, enhanced geothermal systems, hydraulic fracturing, and carbon dioxide sequestration. An overview of the industrial, research and simulation aspects for each subject is provided. Fluid Injection in Deformable Geological Formations will be of interest to academic and industrial researchers in a wide variety of fields, including computational mechanics, civil engineering, geotechnical engineering and geomechanics, engineering seismology, petroleum engineering, reservoir engineering, and engineering geology. "--

Download or read book Geomechanics Applied to the Petroleum Industry written by Jean-François Nauroy and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2011 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designing an efficient drilling program is a key step for the development of an oil and/or gas field. Variations in reservoir pressure, saturation and temperature, induced by reservoir production or CO2 injection, involve various coupled physical and chemical processes. Geomechanics, which consider all thermohydromechanical phenomena involved in rock behavior, play an important role in every operation involved in the exploitation of hydrocarbons, from drilling to production, and in CO2 geological storage operations as well. Pressure changes in the reservoir modify the in situ stresses and induce strains, not only within the reservoir itself, but also in the entire sedimentary column. In turn, these stress variations and associated strains modify the fluids flow in the reservoir and change the wellbore stability parameters. This book offers a large overview on applications of Geomechanics to petroleum industry. It presents the fundamentals of rock mechanics, describes the methods used to characterise rocks in the laboratory and the modelling of their mechanical behaviour ; it gives elements of numerical geomechanical modelling at the site scale. It also demonstrates the role of Geomechanics in the optimisation of drilling and production : it encompasses drillability, wellbore stability, sand production and hydraulic fracturing ; it provides the basic attainments to deal with the environmental aspects of heave or subsidence of the surface layers, CO2 sequestration and well abandonment ; and it shows how seismic monitoring and geomechanical modelling of reservoirs can help to optimise production or check cap rock integrity. This book will be of interest to all engineers involved in oil field development and petroleum engineering students, whether drillers or producers. It aims also at providing a large range of potential users with a simple approach of a broad field of knowledge.

Download or read book Geomechanics in CO2 Storage Facilities written by Gilles Pijaudier-Cabot and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-01-29 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CO2 capture and geological storage is seen as the most effective technology to rapidly reduce the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Up until now and before proceeding to an industrial development of this technology, laboratory research has been conducted for several years and pilot projects have been launched. So far, these studies have mainly focused on transport and geochemical issues and few studies have been dedicated to the geomechanical issues in CO2 storage facilities. The purpose of this book is to give an overview of the multiphysics processes occurring in CO2 storage facilities, with particular attention given to coupled geomechanical problems. The book is divided into three parts. The first part is dedicated to transport processes and focuses on the efficiency of the storage complex and the evaluation of possible leakage paths. The second part deals with issues related to reservoir injectivity and the presence of fractures and occurrence of damage. The final part of the book concerns the serviceability and ageing of the geomaterials whose poromechanical properties may be altered by contact with the injected reactive fluid.

Download or read book Geomechanics Fluid Dynamics and Well Testing Applied to Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs written by Nelson Enrique Barros Galvis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-02 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents an important step towards a deeper understanding of naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs (NFCRs). It demonstrates the various kinds of discontinuities using geological evidence, mathematical kinematics model and computed tomography and uses this as a basis for proposing a new classification for NFCRs. Additionally, this study takes advantage of rock mechanics theory to illustrate how natural fractures can collapse due to fluid flow and pressure changes in the fractured media. The explanations and mathematical modeling developed in this dissertation can be used as diagnostic tools to predict fluid velocity, fluid flow, tectonic fracture collapse, pressure behavior during reservoir depleting, considering stress-sensitive and non-stress-sensitive, with nonlinear terms in the diffusivity equation applied to NFCRs. Furthermore, the book presents the description of real reservoirs with their field data as the principal goal in the mathematical description of the realistic phenomenology of NFCRs.

Download or read book Geomechanics in Reservoir Simulation written by Pascal Longuemare and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2002 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book From Fundamentals to Applications in Geotechnics written by D. Manzanal and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2015-12-11 with total page 3344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work of geotechnical engineers contributes to the creation of safe, economic and pleasant spaces to live, work and relax all over the world. Advances are constantly being made, and the expertise of the profession becomes ever more important with the increased pressure on space and resources. This book presents the proceedings of the 15th Pan-American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (XV PCSMGE), held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in November 2015. This conference, held every four years, is an important opportunity for international experts, researchers, academics, professionals and geo-engineering companies to meet and exchange ideas and research findings in the areas of soil mechanics, rock mechanics, and their applications in civil, mining and environmental engineering. The articles are divided into nine sections: transportation geotechnics; in-situ testing; geo-engineering for energy and sustainability; numerical modeling in geotechnics; foundations and ground improvement; unsaturated soil behavior; embankments, dams and tailings; excavations and tunnels; and geo-risks, and cover a wide spectrum of issues from fundamentals to applications in geotechnics. This book will undoubtedly represent an essential reference for academics, researchers and practitioners in the field of soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering. In this proceedings, approximately 65% of the contributions are in English, and 35% of the contributions are in Spanish or Portuguese.

Download or read book Geomechanics and Fluidodynamics written by Victor N. Nikolaevskiy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is based on subsurface hydrodynamics and applied geomechanics and places them in a unifying framework. It focuses on the understanding of physical and mechanical properties of geomaterials by presenting mathematical models of deformation and fracture with related experiments.

Download or read book Reservoir Geomechanics written by Mark D. Zoback and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This interdisciplinary book encompasses the fields of rock mechanics, structural geology and petroleum engineering to address a wide range of geomechanical problems that arise during the exploitation of oil and gas reservoirs. It considers key practical issues such as prediction of pore pressure, estimation of hydrocarbon column heights and fault seal potential, determination of optimally stable well trajectories, casing set points and mud weights, changes in reservoir performance during depletion, and production-induced faulting and subsidence. The book establishes the basic principles involved before introducing practical measurement and experimental techniques to improve recovery and reduce exploitation costs. It illustrates their successful application through case studies taken from oil and gas fields around the world. This book is a practical reference for geoscientists and engineers in the petroleum and geothermal industries, and for research scientists interested in stress measurements and their application to problems of faulting and fluid flow in the crust.

Download or read book Unconventional Reservoir Geomechanics written by Mark D. Zoback and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the key geologic, geomechanical and engineering principles that govern the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Covering hydrocarbon-bearing formations, horizontal drilling, reservoir seismology and environmental impacts, this is an invaluable resource for geologists, geophysicists and reservoir engineers.

Download or read book Geomechanics and Hydraulic Fracturing for Shale Reservoirs written by Yu Wang and published by Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. USA. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended as a reference book for advanced graduate students and research engineers in shale gas development or rock mechanical engineering. Globally, there is widespread interest in exploiting shale gas resources to meet rising energy demands, maintain energy security and stability in supply and reduce dependence on higher carbon sources of energy, namely coal and oil. However, extracting shale gas is a resource intensive process and is dependent on the geological and geomechanical characteristics of the source rocks, making the development of certain formations uneconomic using current technologies. Therefore, evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of shale, together with technological advancements, is critical in verifying the economic viability of such formation. Accurate geomechanical information about the rock and its variation through the shale is important since stresses along the wellbore can control fracture initiation and frac development. In addition, hydraulic fracturing has been widely employed to enhance the production of oil and gas from underground reservoirs. Hydraulic fracturing is a complex operation in which the fluid is pumped at a high pressure into a selected section of the wellbore. The interaction between the hydraulic fractures and natural fractures is the key to fracturing effectiveness prediction and high gas development. The development and growth of a hydraulic fracture through the natural fracture systems of shale is probably more complex than can be described here, but may be somewhat predictable if the fracture system and the development of stresses can be explained. As a result, comprehensive shale geomechanical experiments, physical modeling experiment and numerical investigations should be conducted to reveal the fracturing mechanical behaviors of shale.

Download or read book Applied Petroleum Geomechanics written by Jon Jincai Zhang and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Petroleum Geomechanics provides a bridge between theory and practice as a daily use reference that contains direct industry applications. Going beyond the basic fundamentals of rock properties, this guide covers critical field and lab tests, along with interpretations from actual drilling operations and worldwide case studies, including abnormal formation pressures from many major petroleum basins. Rounding out with borehole stability solutions and the geomechanics surrounding hydraulic fracturing and unconventional reservoirs, this comprehensive resource gives petroleum engineers a much-needed guide on how to tackle today’s advanced oil and gas operations. Presents methods in formation evaluation and the most recent advancements in the area, including tools, techniques and success stories Bridges the gap between theory of rock mechanics and practical oil and gas applications Helps readers understand pore pressure calculations and predictions that are critical to shale and hydraulic activity

Download or read book Geomechanics and Geology written by J.P. Turner and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geomechanics investigates the origin, magnitude and deformational consequences of stresses in the crust. In recent years awareness of geomechanical processes has been heightened by societal debates on fracking, human-induced seismicity, natural geohazards and safety issues with respect to petroleum exploration drilling, carbon sequestration and radioactive waste disposal. This volume explores the common ground linking geomechanics with inter alia economic and petroleum geology, structural geology, petrophysics, seismology, geotechnics, reservoir engineering and production technology. Geomechanics is a rapidly developing field that brings together a broad range of subsurface professionals seeking to use their expertise to solve current challenges in applied and fundamental geoscience. A rich diversity of case studies herein showcase applications of geomechanics to hydrocarbon exploration and field development, natural and artificial geohazards, reservoir stimulation, contemporary tectonics and subsurface fluid flow. These papers provide a representative snapshot of the exciting state of geomechanics and establish it firmly as a flourishing subdiscipline of geology that merits broadest exposure across the academic and corporate geosciences.

Download or read book Reservoir Geomechanics written by Mark D. Zoback and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This interdisciplinary book encompasses the fields of rock mechanics, structural geology and petroleum engineering to address a wide range of geomechanical problems that arise during the exploitation of oil and gas reservoirs. It considers key practical issues such as prediction of pore pressure, estimation of hydrocarbon column heights and fault seal potential, determination of optimally stable well trajectories, casing set points and mud weights, changes in reservoir performance during depletion, and production-induced faulting and subsidence. The book establishes the basic principles involved before introducing practical measurement and experimental techniques to improve recovery and reduce exploitation costs. It illustrates their successful application through case studies taken from oil and gas fields around the world. This book is a practical reference for geoscientists and engineers in the petroleum and geothermal industries, and for research scientists interested in stress measurements and their application to problems of faulting and fluid flow in the crust."--Back cover.

Download or read book Integrated Reservoir Studies for CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery and Sequestration written by Shib Sankar Ganguli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-30 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the feasibility of CO2-EOR and sequestration in a mature Indian oil field, pursuing for the first time a cross-disciplinary approach that combines the results from reservoir modeling and flow simulation, rock physics modeling, geomechanics, and time-lapse (4D) seismic monitoring study. The key findings presented indicate that the field under study holds great potential for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and subsequent CO2 storage. Experts around the globe argue that storing CO2 by means of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) could support climate change mitigation by reducing the amount of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere by ca. 20%. CO2-EOR and sequestration is a cutting-edge and emerging field of research in India, and there is an urgent need to assess Indian hydrocarbon reservoirs for the feasibility of CO2-EOR and storage. Combining the fundamentals of the technique with concrete examples, the book is essential reading for all researchers, students and oil & gas professionals who want to fully understand CO2-EOR and its geologic sequestration process in mature oil fields.

Download or read book Geomechanics of Oil and Gas Wells written by Vladimir Karev and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-21 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents an integrated approach to studying the geomechanical processes occurring in oil and gas-bearing formations during their development. It discusses the choice of a model that takes into account the basic properties of rocks; experiments to find model parameters; numerical modeling; and direct physical modeling of deformation and filtration processes in reservoir and host rocks. Taking into account features of rock behavior, such as anisotropy of the mechanical properties of rocks during elastoplastic deformation; dependence of permeability on the total stress tensor; the contribution of the filtration flow to the formation stress state; and the influence of tangential as well as normal stresses on the transition to inelastic deformation, it demonstrates how the presented approach allows the practical problems of increasing the productivity of wells, oil recovery, and ensuring the stability of wellbores to be solved. The book is intended for specialists, including geoengineers working in the oil and gas sector, teachers, graduate students and students, as well as all those interested in scientific and technological developments to meet the enormous demand for raw materials and energy.