Download or read book Geographic Variation in the Songs of the Song Sparrow Melospiza Melodia A Comparison of Song Sparrow Populations in Southern Indiana and Maine written by C. J. Stine and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Influence on the Ontogeny Allometry and Behavior of the Song Sparrow Melospiza Melodia written by Julia Irene Smith and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ecogeographical Variation in Size and Proportions of Song Sparrows Melospiza Melodia written by John W. Aldrich and published by Amer Ornithologists Union. This book was released on 1984-12-01 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Population Differences in the Acute Phase Immune Response of the Song Sparrow melospiza Melodia written by James Stephen Adelman and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Roles of Habitat and Signalling in Speciation written by Michael Allen Patten and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evolution of Geographic Variation in Continental and Island Song Sparrows written by Jason Ford Smyth and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ecology Behavior and Trophic Adaptations of the Salt Marsh Song Sparrow Melospiza Melodia Samuelis written by Jill Letitia Grenier and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Weather and Projected Impacts of Climate Change on Adult and Juvenile Survival in a Song Sparrow Melospiza Melodia Population written by Kristen Elizabeth Dybala and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change research has been largely focused on projecting changes in species' distributions, which have included projections of dramatic shifts and contractions in species' ranges. These projections suggest that many local populations will decline as species' range limits retreat, but they reveal little about the processes that may produce these declines and range shifts. A better understanding of these processes, and of the effects of climate change on local populations, may be obtained by projecting the changes in local demographic rates in response to climate change. I collaborated with biologists from PRBO Conservation Science to examine in detail the effects of weather and project the impacts of climate change on adult and juvenile survival rates in a Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) population at the Palomarin Field Station in central coastal California. In chapter 1, my co-authors and I examined multiple hypotheses for the direct and indirect effects of weather on adult and juvenile survival rates using a mark-recapture data set spanning 1979-2010. We found that a direct effect of winter weather had a strong effect on adult survival, while an indirect effect of prior winter weather had a strong effect on juvenile survival. As a result, in response to climate change, we projected a significant increase in mean adult survival and a smaller decline in mean juvenile survival. Our results underscore the importance of considering both direct and indirect effects of climate change, as well as the potential for mismatches in the responses of different life stages to changes in environmental conditions. This theme of mismatches in the responses of different life stages to environmental conditions was echoed in chapter 2, in which my co-authors and I examined differences in the survival of dependent and independent juveniles. We found that prior winter precipitation had a strong positive effect on the survival of independent juveniles, consistent with an influence on food availability and the results of chapter 1, but had little effect on the survival of dependent fledglings, who benefited from the foraging skills of their parents. The effect of prior winter precipitation on independent juveniles also contributed more to the total variation in juvenile survival than any other variable we considered. We concluded that the survival of independent juveniles is a major driver of annual variation in juvenile survival, and that identifying the effects of weather on the survival of independent juveniles will be essential to understanding and projecting responses to climate change. Although the survival of dependent fledglings is less sensitive to environmental conditions than independent fledglings, survival was lowest during this stage, forming a critical bottleneck in the population dynamics. In chapter 3, I examined individual factors influencing survival during the dependent, post-fledging stage. I conducted a 3-year radio-telemetry study on the post-fledging survival of juvenile Song Sparrows, and used this data to examine two hypotheses for the mechanism behind the often-reported relationship between nestling body condition and post-fledging survival: (1) the frequently-proposed body fat hypothesis, in which nestlings that are relatively heavy for their size have more body fat and are more able to cope with temporary food shortages; and (2) the mobility hypothesis, in which relatively heavy nestlings have heavier, more developed muscles and are more mobile at fledging, making them better able to escape predation. I found little support for the body fat hypothesis, and strong support for the effect of fledgling mobility on post-fledging survival. However, nestling body condition was not related to fledgling mobility. I concluded that because body condition scores may integrate the varying effects of multiple underlying factors, identifying effect of body condition on post-fledging survival may not be as informative as directly assessing the effects of functional traits, such as mobility, and that variation in fledgling development has a strong influence on post-fledging survival. This detailed investigation of the sources of variation in survival provided insights into the ecological differences between adults and juveniles, and between dependent and independent juveniles. Understanding which life stages are most affected by which individual and environmental factors is essential to developing effective conservation plans, including climate change adaptation plans. For example, although this Song Sparrow population overall may respond positively to climate change, this approach will be useful in other populations for identifying the demographic process(es) that will be adversely affected by climate change, and the mechanisms that may be responsible, such as the effect of drier conditions on food availability and the subsequent survival of independent juveniles. This information can in turn help prioritize future research and indicate management actions that may be effective in slowing or mitigating the effects of climate change for a population of concern.

Download or read book A New Race of the Song Sparrow from the Appalachian Region written by Alexander Wetmore and published by . This book was released on 1936 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reproductive Success Natal Dispersal and Recuritment in a Song Sparrow Melospiza Melodia Population Breeding in California Coastal Scrub written by Mary Katherine Chase and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Variation in Blood Group Frequencies in Populations of Song Sparrows of the San Francisco Bay Region written by George T. Ferrell and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A New Race of the Song Sparrow from the Appalachian Region written by Alexander Wetmore and published by . This book was released on 2013-04-20 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Habituation on Boldness of Urban and Rural Song Sparrows Melospiza Melodia written by Taylor Elaine Fossett and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As urban development continues to dominate landscapes across the United States, wildlife species are changing their behavior in many ways. Urban animals are often bolder, or less fearful of new stimuli, than rural animals. While natural selection and adaptation can drive behavioral changes in urban animals, other factors, such as learning or habituation, can also lead to behavioral modifications. Habituation may play an important role, if urban individuals learn through repeated exposure that humans do not represent a threat. To determine how repeated human exposure affects song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) populations in an urban and rural habitat, I measured boldness as flight initiation distance (FID), after repeated exposure to a nonthreatening human subject. FID measures the distance between human and bird, at which the bird flies away in fear of disturbance or predation. I collected FID data on male song sparrows in an urban and rural environment over 5 consecutive days. I found that after 5 days of successive trials, FID was individually repeatable in both urban and rural populations. Urban birds had consistently lower FID than their rural counterparts. I also found that FID went down over 5 days of repeated trials in the rural populations, but not the urban. These results suggest that habituation can occur quickly in rural birds and account for the greater boldness we typically see in urban populations.

Download or read book Current Ornithology Volume 17 written by Charles F. Thompson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-09 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Ornithology publishes authoritative, up-to-date, scholarly reviews of topics selected from the full range of current research in avian biology. Topics cover the spectrum from the molecular level of organization to population biology and community ecology. The series seeks especially to review (1) fields in which an abundant recent literature will benefit from synthesis and organization, or (2) newly emerging fields that are gaining recognition as the result of recent discoveries or shifts in perspective, or (3) fields in which students of vertebrates may benefit from comparisons of birds with other classes. All chapters are invited, and authors are chosen for their leadership in the subjects under review.

Download or read book Geographic Variation in the Song of Belding s Savannah Sparrow Passerculus Sandwichensis Beldingi written by Richard Alan Bradley and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Breeding Biology and Population Dynamics of the San Miguel Island Song Sparrow Melospiza Melodia Micronyx written by Mark K. Sogge and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A population study of the song sparrow written by Margaret Morse Nice and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: