Download or read book Geochemistry of Mine Waste and Mill Tailings Meadow Deposits and Stream Bed Sediment and the General Hydrology and Water Quality of the Frohner Meadows Area Upper Lump Gulch Jefferson County Montana written by T. L. Klein and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geochemistry of Mine Waste and Mill Tailings Meadow Deposits Streambed Sediment and General Hydrology and Water Quality for the Frohner Meadows Area Upper Lump Gulch Jefferson County Montana written by T. L. Klein and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrogeologic Water quality and Geochemical Data for the Frohner Meadows Area Upper Lump Gulch Jefferson County Montana written by T. L. Klein and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geochemical Processes in Ground Water Resulting from Surface Mining of Coal at the Big Sky and West Decker Mine Areas Southeastern Montana written by David W. Clark and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A potential hydrologic effect of surface mining of coal in southeastern Montana is a change in the quality of ground water. Dissolved-solids concen- trations in water in spoils aquifers generally are larger than concentrations in water in the coal aquifers they replaced; however, laboratory experiments have indicated that concentrations can decrease if ground water flows from coal-mine spoils to coal. This study was conducted to determine if decreases in concentrations occur onsite and, if so, which geochemical processes caused the decreases. Solid-phase core samples of spoils, unmined over- burden, and coal, and ground-water samples were collected from 16 observation wells at two mine areas. In the Big Sky Mine area, changes in ground- water chemistry along a flow path from an upgradient coal aquifer to a spoils aquifer probably were a result of dedolomitization. Dissolved-solids concentrations were unchanged as water flowed from a spoils aquifer to a downgradient coal aquifer. In the West Decker Mine area, dissolved-solids concentrations apparently decreased from about 4,100 to 2,100 milligrams per liter as water moved along an inferred flow path from a spoils aquifer to a downgradient coal aquifer. Geochemical models were used to analyze changes in water chemistry on the basis of results of solid-phase and aqueous geochemical characteristics. Geochemical processes postulated to result in the apparent decrease in dissolved-solids concentrations along this inferred flow path include bacterial reduction of sulfate, reverse cation exchange within the coal, and precipitation of carbonate and iron-sulfide minerals.
Download or read book Stream sediment Geochemistry in Mining impacted Streams written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mine Water Hydrogeology and Geochemistry written by Paul L. Younger and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2002 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metal Concentrations and Sources in the Miller Creek Watershed Park County Montana August 2000 written by Thomas E. Cleasby and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geochemical Modeling for Mine Site Characterization and Remediation written by D. Kirk Nordstrom and published by Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration. This book was released on 2017-10-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The single most important factor for the successful application of a geochemical model is the knowledge and experience of the individual(s) conducting the modeling. Geochemical Modeling for Mine Site Characterization and Remediation is the fourth of six volumes in the Management Technologies for Metal Mining Influenced Water series about technologies for management of metal mine and metallurgical process drainage. This handbook describes the important components of hydrogeochemical modeling for mine environments, primarily those mines where sulfide minerals are present—metal mines and coal mines. It provides general guidelines on the strengths and limitations of geochemical modeling and an overview of its application to the hydrogeochemistry of both unmined mineralized sites and those contaminated from mineral extraction and mineral processing. The handbook includes an overview of the models behind the codes, explains vital geochemical computations, describes several modeling processes, provides a compilation of codes, and gives examples of their application, including both successes and failures. Hydrologic modeling is also included because mining contaminants most often migrate by surface water and groundwater transport, and contaminant concentrations are a function of water residence time as well as pathways. This is an indispensable resource for mine planners and engineers, environmental managers, land managers, consultants, researchers, government regulators, nongovernmental organizations, students, stakeholders, and anyone with an interest in mining influenced water. The other handbooks in the series are Basics of Metal Mining Influenced Water; Mitigation of Metal Mining Influenced Water; Mine Pit Lakes: Characteristics, Predictive Modeling, and Sustainability; Techniques for Predicting Metal Mining Influenced Water; and Sampling and Monitoring for the Mine Life Cycle.
Download or read book Groundwater Geochemistry written by William J. Deutsch and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater Geochemistry: Fundamentals and Applications to Contamination examines the integral role geochemistry play s in groundwater monitoring and remediation programs, and presents it at a level understandable to a wide audience. Readers of all backgrounds can gain a better understanding of geochemical processes and how they apply to groundwater systems. The text begins with an explanation of fundamental geochemical processes, followed by a description of the methods and tools used to understand and simulate them. The book then explains how geochemistry applies to contaminant mobility, discusses remediation system design, sampling program development, and the modeling of geochemical interactions. This clearly written guide concludes with specific applications of geochemistry to contaminated sites. This is an ideal choice for readers who do not have an extensive technical background in aqueous chemistry, geochemistry, or geochemical modeling. The only prerequisite is a desire to better understand natural processes through groundwater geochemistry.
Download or read book Post reclamation and Pre mining Geochemistry of the Galena Creek Watershed in the Barker Hughesville Mining District Judith Basin County Montana written by Austin C. Neaville and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Barker-Hughesville Mining District in the Little Belt Mountains is home to a heavily mining impacted watershed called Galena Creek which has been the subject of remediation and environmental restoration due to the high levels of metals (including Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) which have negatively impacted aquatic life in the drainage. Galena Creek was designated a superfund site in the late 1990's/early 2000's, and since then several constructional efforts have removed mine waste from direct contact with the stream. Despite these efforts, numerous mine water discharges still enter the creek, and the water quality is still impaired. It is possible that the unique geology of the district is contributing a certain amount of background loading of metals and acidity to the stream. However, because the area was mined in the early 1900's, no pre-mining baseline water quality samples were ever collected. This thesis used several geochemical techniques to assess whether natural weathering of mineralized bedrock influences the water quality of Galena Creek. A detailed synoptic sampling of the stream and all measurable inflows was conducted in mid-summer baseflow conditions. Both filtered and non-filtered samples were taken, along with samples of mineral crusts and in-stream precipitates. Samples were collected for O- and H-isotope analysis of water, O- and S- isotope analysis of dissolved sulfate, and S-isotope analysis of fresh sulfide minerals collected from mine dumps. In addition, representative bulk samples of each of the major rock types in the watershed were collected for laboratory leachate studies. The leachate tests included samples of hydrothermally altered and pyrite-mineralized rock that is thought to comprise up to 20% of the outcrop area of the Hughesville Stock: the main host rock of the area. Results of the synoptic sampling investigation show that most of the loads of metals and dissolved sulfate in Galena Creek during baseflow conditions can be accounted for from the known mine discharges. The S- and O-isotope composition of sulfate in the stream is similar to that of sulfate in the mine discharges, and the S-isotope composition of sulfate is similar to that of sulfides on the mine dumps. The hydrothermally-altered Hughesville Stock produced leachates with very poor water quality, whereas the unaltered stock and other bedrock units in the watershed produced leachates with much lower concentrations of metals and sulfate. By mixing the leachate water chemistry from each rock type, scaled to the percentage of the total watershed underlain by each rock type, a first pass approximation of the pre-mining water quality of Galena Creek was obtained. Although this type of calculation rests on several assumptions, the results suggest that Galena Creek could have had elevated concentrations of metals and sulfate from natural weathering prior to mining disturbance. Lastly, the concentrations of several metals of interest in Galena Creek were compared to concentrations in Chicago Gulch, a small stream with natural acidity draining an unmined, but hydrothermally altered, stock in the central Judith Mountains. The range in concentrations in the two drainages overlap. Whereas Galena Creek on average has higher concentrations of Mn, Zn and Cd, Chicago Gulch has higher concentrations of Pb and Al. In summary, although the present chemistry of Galena Creek is obviously impacted by the legacy mines, some metals and acidity would have entered the creek due to natural weathering prior to mining.
Download or read book Water quality Biology and Streambed Sediment Data and Preliminary Geochemical Interpretations for Streams in the Upper Prickly Pear Creek Watershed Montana 2000 written by T. L. Klein and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Occurrence and Hydrogeochemistry of Radiochemical Constituents in Groundwater of Jefferson County and Surrounding Areas Southwestern Montana 2007 Through 2010 written by Rodney R. Caldwell and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimates of Past Mining Water Quality for the Upper Tongue River Montana and Wyoming written by Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geochemistry Groundwater and Pollution Second Edition written by C.A.J. Appelo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-04-15 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the success of its 1993 predecessor, this second edition of Geochemistry, Groundwater and Pollution has been thoroughly re-written, updated and extended to provide a complete and authoritative account of modern hydrogeochemistry. Offering a quantitative approach to the study of groundwater quality and the interaction of water, minerals, gases, pollutants and microbes, this book shows how physical and chemical theory can be applied to explain observed water qualities and variations over space and time. Integral to the presentation, geochemical modelling using PHREEQC code is demonstrated, with step-by-step instructions for calculating and simulating field and laboratory data. Numerous figures and tables illustrate the theory, while worked examples including calculations and theoretical explanations assist the reader in gaining a deeper understanding of the concepts involved. A crucial read for students of hydrogeology, geochemistry and civil engineering, professionals in the water sciences will also find inspiration in the practical examples and modeling templates.
Download or read book Geochemistry of Metals and Nutrients in Fine sediment Pore Water in Blacktail and Silver Bow Creeks Butte Montana written by Robert M. Rader and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historical mining in Butte, Montana has impacted surface and groundwater in the area. Although most of the known sources of contaminants of concern have been removed or remediated, metal loading continues to occur in lower Blacktail Creek and upper Silver Bow Creek. Possible sources of metals include upwelling groundwater and interaction between the stream and metal-rich sediment in the stream bed. To assess the importance of fine sediment as a source (or sink) for metals, this investigation used sediment pore water diffusion samplers ("peepers"). Peepers are ideal for capturing cm-scale vertical gradients in pore water chemistry across the sediment-water interface. Eight peepers were deployed in Blacktail Creek, six in Silver Bow Creek, one in Grove Gulch, and two in shallow ponds south of lower Blacktail Creek. Four piezometers were also installed in the ponds. Pore-water samples extracted from the peepers and piezometers were analyzed for dissolved trace metals, major ions, alkalinity, and selected nutrients. Sediment samples collected at some peeper sites were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and handheld X-ray fluorescence. Dissolved Fe, Mn, As, PO43-, and HCO3- ions generally increased with depth below the sediment-water interface. Pore-water concentrations of up to 609 mg/L Fe, 55 mg/L Mn, and 1.0 mg/L As were measured at depth. These increases in concentration were attributed to reductive dissolution of Fe- and Mn-oxides, coupled to organic matter decay, in the anoxic environment of the fine-grained sediment. Dissolved Fe2+ could then reprecipitate as Fe-oxides once it reached an aerobic environment and potentially reabsorb dissolved As. PO43- and HCO3- concentrations could also be influenced by sulfate reducing bacteria and oxidation of organic matter. Copper, lead, and zinc behaved differently, and generally had very low concentrations in the deeper samples. Bacterial sulfate reduction was indicated by trace levels of H2S, enough to precipitate Cu, Pb and Zn as sulfide minerals. In some cases, there was a zone where dissolved Cu and Zn concentrations increased sharply in the top 20́36 cm of the sediment column. This could indicate oxidation of fine-grained sulfide minerals in the near-surface pore water. Fick's first law was used to quantify the diffusive flux of dissolved arsenic from the sediment pore water into Silver Bow and Blacktail Creeks. The same approach was use to estimate downwards diffusion of dissolved Zn from Grove Gulch into its own sediment. The calculated fluxes are negligible for the streams due to the short residence time of water passing through Lower Area One. However, upwards diffusion of As into the shallow ponds could lead to a build-up in dissolved As over time. Although the stream sediments act as a temporary metal sink, the fine sediments are eventually dispersed back into the main stream during periods of high streamflow and bioturbation. Periodic removal of these fine-grained sediments from the stream channels would reduce the total load of metals flowing down Silver Bow Creek.
Download or read book The Environmental Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimates of Post mining Water Quality for the Upper Tongue River Montana and Wyoming written by Wayne A. Van Voast and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
