Download or read book Geochemical Modelling of Acid Mine Drainage AMD and Processes Controlling the Fate and Transport of AMD Pollutants in Groundwater Around Kansanshi Mine Site in Solwezi Town Zambia written by Kenny Nyirenda and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complex geochemical reaction processes that occur within the tailings impoundments control the chemistry of resulting seepage or drainage water. In this dissertation, the second chapter focuses on simulating seepage water chemistry from the main sulphide tailings storage facility (TSF) around Kansanshi mine site in Zambia and its geochemical evolution in the underlying unconfined schist aquifer. The result of this study indicates that seepage water chemistry from the main sulphide TSF is likely to be within near neutral range (6.3 to 6.6) with elevated concentrations of sulphate and low concentration of Fe and Mn. The presence of calcite, dolomite and aluminosilicate minerals in the tailings helps to buffer the pH of the simulated seepage water within near neutral range favorable for the removal of metals from the solution through precipitation. Elevated sulphate levels in simulated seepage water results from the dissolution of both gypsum and pyrite. As the tailings water seeps into the shallow unconfined schist aquifer, geochemical simulations suggests that the presence of pyrite in the aquifer can moderately contribute to elevated concentrations of sulphate along the groundwater flow path with decreasing thickness of the capillary fringe or depth to water due to oxidation promoted by the increased rate of oxygen diffusion. The third chapter investigated the influence of fracture zones on solute (SO42-, Fe and Mn) transport from the main TSF using Equivalent Porous Media (EPM) approach, focusing on sulphate since it is the least reactive and can migrate far from the source. Two solute transport models were developed; one involving an EPM-only representation of the mapped fracture zones, and one including hypothetical fractures as high hydraulic conductivity zones to explore how unmapped fractures could impact solute transport. Results of the simulations revealed that only the model which incorporated hypothetical fractures to intersect wells that consistently show elevated sulphate concentrations show some degree of a match between the simulated and observed sulphate concentrations especially with boreholes KE03 and KE04 situated downstream of the main TSF, with the sulphate plume (>100mg/L) elongated along all fracture zones cutting across the dam. This demonstrates that fractures have a greater effect on solute transport than unfractured representation of the porous matrix, suggesting a simple EPM-based conceptual model may not be able to realistically represent transport behaviors in this system. However, in both cases, results from both solute transport models show that both Fe and Mn are restricted to the main TSF footprint and thus are not likely to be of concern from the facility.
Download or read book Modelling Reactive Transport of Acid Mine Drainage in Groundwater written by Tegenne Tekelu Geberetsadike and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modelling Geochemical Interactions with Groundwater Transport Processes written by Hongze Gao and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acid Mine Drainage written by Geoffrey S. Simate and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-09-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current book explores novel methods developed for the reuse and/or recovery of industrially useful materials from Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) including discussing AMD generation, prediction, prevention, and remediation processes. It also includes legislation and policy framework governing AMD and its environmental and health impacts.
Download or read book Geochemical Modeling for Mine Site Characterization and Remediation written by D. Kirk Nordstrom and published by Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration. This book was released on 2017-10-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The single most important factor for the successful application of a geochemical model is the knowledge and experience of the individual(s) conducting the modeling. Geochemical Modeling for Mine Site Characterization and Remediation is the fourth of six volumes in the Management Technologies for Metal Mining Influenced Water series about technologies for management of metal mine and metallurgical process drainage. This handbook describes the important components of hydrogeochemical modeling for mine environments, primarily those mines where sulfide minerals are present—metal mines and coal mines. It provides general guidelines on the strengths and limitations of geochemical modeling and an overview of its application to the hydrogeochemistry of both unmined mineralized sites and those contaminated from mineral extraction and mineral processing. The handbook includes an overview of the models behind the codes, explains vital geochemical computations, describes several modeling processes, provides a compilation of codes, and gives examples of their application, including both successes and failures. Hydrologic modeling is also included because mining contaminants most often migrate by surface water and groundwater transport, and contaminant concentrations are a function of water residence time as well as pathways. This is an indispensable resource for mine planners and engineers, environmental managers, land managers, consultants, researchers, government regulators, nongovernmental organizations, students, stakeholders, and anyone with an interest in mining influenced water. The other handbooks in the series are Basics of Metal Mining Influenced Water; Mitigation of Metal Mining Influenced Water; Mine Pit Lakes: Characteristics, Predictive Modeling, and Sustainability; Techniques for Predicting Metal Mining Influenced Water; and Sampling and Monitoring for the Mine Life Cycle.
Download or read book Simulation Optimization of Acid Mine Drainage Abatement Alternatives written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report develops an approach for reliably evaluating the impact of proposed water pollution abatement plans for a river basin. A water quality simulation model is developed which has the capability of routing acid mine drainage through a river basin. A computer procedure providing for the optimization of alternatives is also developed. The simulation model is used to evaluate alternatives within a larger framework that involves optimization. The approach is to use the simulation as a method of impact assessment which is manipulated by optimization logic. Thus the simulation can be used in two ways: as a stand alone model or as an adjunct to optimization. The Tioga River Basin in Pennsylvania has been chosen as a case study. (Author Modified Abstract).
Download or read book Characterization of Waterbodies Affected by Acid Mine Drainage written by Thomas Heise and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-05-27 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2010 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Geology, Mineralogy, Soil Science, grade: 1,0, , course: Montanuniversität Leoben, language: English, abstract: Water is a natural resource of high significance for human beings, fauna and flora. Therefore, the protection of water resources is one of the highest aims of each industrial site. The mining sector and its subsectors have a lot of applications for water, also causing a high potential to interfere with water systems. Mineral extraction, mineral resource storages, mineral processing and mine waste storage form important potential pollutant emitters. The weathering of sulphidic minerals cause the most severe mine-water-related problems, because it involves a decrease in the pH level as well as an increase in dissolved total solids, especially metal concentrations. This acid mine waters are categorized as acid mine drainage. The drainage of acidic water represents the biggest conflict between mining and environment in the world. This thesis deals with the characterization of waterbodies impacted by acid mine drainage. A discussion of the fundamental processes forms the basis of this paper. The classification of mine drainage, the weathering of pyrite and potential pollution sources are discussed in detail. However, impacts of acid mine drainage, drinking-water-specific values and legal and political aspects are mentioned as well. Based on this theoretical part, various international, especially European case studies will be reviewed. Each of these examples includes a brief introduction to the general mine-water related situation and with a focus on a specific development of the site, thus ensuring to illustrate the complexity of this environmental concern. Finally, a conclusion is drawn from the discussion of the case studies, complementing the theory part.
Download or read book Acid Mine Drainage AMD and It s Control written by Partha Sharma and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-04 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acid mine drainage (AMD) isamong the most significant environmental challenges facing the mining industry worldwide.It occurs as a result of natural oxidation of sulphide minerals contained in mining wastes at operating and decommissioned mine sites.AMD may adversely impact the surface water and groundwater quality and land use due to its typical low pH, high acidity and elevated concentrations of metals and sulphate content.Once it develops at a mine, its control can be difficult and expensive. The most effective method of control is to minimize penetration of air and water through the waste pile using a cover, either wet (water) or dry (soil), which is placed over the waste pile. Despite their high cost, these covers cannot always completely stop the oxidation process and generation of AMD. Application of more than one option might be required. Early diagnosis of the problem, identification of appropriate prevention/control measures and implementation of these methods to the site would reduce the potential risk of AMD generation.AMD prevention/control measures broadly include use of covers, control of the source, migration of AMD, and treatment
Download or read book Acid Mine Drainage Formation and Abatement written by Ohio State University. Research Foundation and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Control of Acid Mine Drainage written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pollutants in Acid Mine Drainage written by Teresa Valente and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2023-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the major environmental concerns in mining activity that often causes the complete degradation of ecosystems during and/or after mine closure. AMD is a peculiar research focus because it involves the assessment of various pollutants' presence, reactivity, and biogeochemical behaviors. Also, the properties of these polluted mine waters restrict monitoring plans and the environmental remediation approaches. This reprint includes a wide range of topics, such as the source and nature of pollutants and the speciation, mobilization/precipitation, and toxicity of trace elements. The modeling of processes, innovative techniques for removing hazardous elements, and advanced monitoring techniques are also included, with the aim of increasing the base knowledge about pollutants in AMD. Therefore, the reprint presents the latest advancements in the (bio)geochemistry and mineralogy of AMD and of wastes from which AMD develops. The reprint contains 19 studies that provide examples of methodological approaches, as well as tools and solutions for the monitoring, treatment, and remediation of AMD systems.
Download or read book Attenuation of Acid Mine Drainage Enhanced by Organic Carbon and Limestone Addition written by Anna Margaret Gillmor and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface and groundwaters in contact with mining-exposed pyritic materials have the capacity to generate acid mine drainage (AMD), an acidic, sulfate-rich, metals-laden effluent. The Davis Mine located in northwestern Massachusetts offers a model site to study the processes of natural attenuation of acid mine drainage. These include physico-chemical processes such as dilution and sorption, geochemical processes such as aluminosilicate weathering and biological processes such as transformation and cycling of sulfate, iron and acidity by bacterial metabolism. A focus of recent research undertaken at the site has been characterizing the presence and activity of these bacteria with an aim to stimulate their capacity to attenuate the severity of acidic conditions. To further this investigation, a pilot-scale treatment system was installed, composed of a modified permeable reactive barrier containing organic carbon and limestone. Down-gradient groundwater was sampled over a sixteen-month period for concentrations of dissolved metals, major cations and sulfate, along with pH and redox measurements. The results showed a decrease in dissolved metals, a possible increase in calcium and decrease in sulfate, and measurable increase in pH and corresponding decrease in oxidation-reduction potential. Major decreases in dissolved iron and aluminum were observed, a change which is not entirely consistent with metals removal by combination with biogenic sulfide alone. The additional influence of hydrolysis was proposed and the anticipated action of this alternate process found to bear resemblance to the observed changes. Groundwater composition from the experimental period was compared to previous measurements and significant changes described in pH, iron, aluminum, copper and zinc and to a lesser extent in calcium and sulfate. Comparisons were also made with concurrent surface water compositions and findings of analogous studies. Conclusions that can be drawn include: the pH and redox environment into which a treatment system is placed can greatly influence the reactions which take place, side-reactions which occur in reducing and alkalinity-generating amendments may also have an attenuating effect, and variable processes influence groundwater composition in these biogeochemically complex environments.
Download or read book Acid Mine Water written by Water Resources Scientific Information Center and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acid Mine Drainage Rock Drainage and Acid Sulfate Soils written by James A. Jacobs and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-28 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the tools needed to analyze and solve acid drainage problems Featuring contributions from leading experts in science and engineering, this book explores the complex biogeochemistry of acid mine drainage, rock drainage, and acid sulfate soils. It describes how to predict, prevent, and remediate the environmental impact of acid drainage and the oxidation of sulfides, offering the latest sampling and analytical methods. Moreover, readers will discover new approaches for recovering valuable resources from acid mine drainage, including bioleaching. Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils reviews the most current findings in the field, offering new insights into the underlying causes as well as new tools to minimize the harm of acid drainage: Part I: Causes of Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils focuses on the biogeochemistry of acid drainage in different environments. Part II: Assessment of Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils covers stream characterization, aquatic and biological sampling, evaluation of aquatic resources, and some unusual aspects of sulfide oxidation. Part III: Prediction and Prevention of Acid Drainage discusses acid-base accounting, kinetic testing, block modeling, petrology, and mineralogy studies. It also explains relevant policy and regulations. Part IV: Remediation of Acid Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils examines both passive and active cleanup methods to remediate acid drainage. Case studies from a variety of geologic settings highlight various approaches to analyzing and solving acid drainage problems. Replete with helpful appendices and an extensive list of web resources, Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils is recommended for mining engineers and scientists, regulatory officials, environmental scientists, land developers, and students.
Download or read book Acid Mine Drainage written by United States. Division of Water Supply and Pollution Control and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical Review of Geochemical Processes and Geochemical Models Adaptable for Prediction of Acidic Drainage from Waste Rock written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geochemical Processes in Ground Water Resulting from Surface Mining of Coal at the Big Sky and West Decker Mine Areas Southeastern Montana written by David W. Clark and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A potential hydrologic effect of surface mining of coal in southeastern Montana is a change in the quality of ground water. Dissolved-solids concen- trations in water in spoils aquifers generally are larger than concentrations in water in the coal aquifers they replaced; however, laboratory experiments have indicated that concentrations can decrease if ground water flows from coal-mine spoils to coal. This study was conducted to determine if decreases in concentrations occur onsite and, if so, which geochemical processes caused the decreases. Solid-phase core samples of spoils, unmined over- burden, and coal, and ground-water samples were collected from 16 observation wells at two mine areas. In the Big Sky Mine area, changes in ground- water chemistry along a flow path from an upgradient coal aquifer to a spoils aquifer probably were a result of dedolomitization. Dissolved-solids concentrations were unchanged as water flowed from a spoils aquifer to a downgradient coal aquifer. In the West Decker Mine area, dissolved-solids concentrations apparently decreased from about 4,100 to 2,100 milligrams per liter as water moved along an inferred flow path from a spoils aquifer to a downgradient coal aquifer. Geochemical models were used to analyze changes in water chemistry on the basis of results of solid-phase and aqueous geochemical characteristics. Geochemical processes postulated to result in the apparent decrease in dissolved-solids concentrations along this inferred flow path include bacterial reduction of sulfate, reverse cation exchange within the coal, and precipitation of carbonate and iron-sulfide minerals.
