Download or read book Genomics of Bacterial Metal Resistance written by Alessio Mengoni and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of understanding metal–microbe interactions underlies a number of social–economic issues in the world. The antimicrobial resistance era has created a need for novel antimicrobials and within this fieldm metal and metalloid ions are promising solutions. Pollution sites, either co-contaminated with metals or with metals as the sole pollutant, contain microbes that are present as key participants, with both of these issues habing links to agriculture. Microbes also play key roles in the global geochemical cycle of many elements. Such statements solidify the need to understand metal–microbe interactions. Given that genomics has arguably become the most useful tool in biology, the application of this technology within the field of understanding metal resistance comes as no surprise. Whilst by no means comprehensive, this book provides examples of the applications of genomic approaches in the study of metal–microbe interactions. Here, we present a collection of manuscripts that highlights some present directions in the field. The book starts with a collection of three papers evaluating aspects of the genomics of the archetype metal resistant bacteria, Cuprividus metallidurans. This is followed by four studies that evaluate the mechanisms of metal resistance. The next two papers assess metal resistance in agricultural related situations, including a review on metal resistance in Listeria. The book concludes with a review on metal phytoremediation via Rhizobia and two subsequent studies of metal biotechnology relevance.

Download or read book Genomics of Bacterial Metal Resistance written by Raymond J. Turner and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of understanding metal-microbe interactions underlies a number of social-economic issues in the world. The antimicrobial resistance era has created a need for novel antimicrobials and within this fieldm metal and metalloid ions are promising solutions. Pollution sites, either co-contaminated with metals or with metals as the sole pollutant, contain microbes that are present as key participants, with both of these issues habing links to agriculture. Microbes also play key roles in the global geochemical cycle of many elements. Such statements solidify the need to understand metal-microbe interactions. Given that genomics has arguably become the most useful tool in biology, the application of this technology within the field of understanding metal resistance comes as no surprise. Whilst by no means comprehensive, this book provides examples of the applications of genomic approaches in the study of metal-microbe interactions. Here, we present a collection of manuscripts that highlights some present directions in the field. The book starts with a collection of three papers evaluating aspects of the genomics of the archetype metal resistant bacteria, Cuprividus metallidurans. This is followed by four studies that evaluate the mechanisms of metal resistance. The next two papers assess metal resistance in agricultural related situations, including a review on metal resistance in Listeria. The book concludes with a review on metal phytoremediation via Rhizobia and two subsequent studies of metal biotechnology relevance.

Download or read book Evolution in Action Past Present and Future written by Wolfgang Banzhaf and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-08 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited research monograph brings together contributions from computer scientists, biologists, and engineers who are engaged with the study of evolution and how it may be applied to solve real-world problems. It also serves as a Festschrift dedicated to Erik D. Goodman, the founding director of the BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, a pioneering NSF Science and Technology Center headquartered at Michigan State University. The contributing authors are leading experts associated with the center, and they serve in top research and industrial establishments across the US and worldwide. Part I summarizes the history of the BEACON Center, with refreshingly personal chapters that describe Erik's working and leadership style, and others that discuss the development and successes of the center in the context of research funding, projects, and careers. The chapters in Part II deal with the evolution of genomes and evolvability. The contributions in Part III discuss the evolution of behavior and intelligence. Those in Part IV concentrate on the evolution of communities and collective dynamics. The chapters in Part V discuss selected evolutionary computing applications in domains such as arts and science, automated program repair, cybersecurity, mechatronics, and genomic prediction. Part VI deals with evolution in the classroom, using creativity in research, and responsible conduct in research training. The book concludes with a special chapter from Erik Goodman, a short biography that concentrates on his personal positive influences and experiences throughout his long career in academia and industry.

Download or read book Analytical Geomicrobiology written by Janice P. L. Kenney and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-18 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive handbook outlining state-of-the-art analytical techniques used in geomicrobiology, for advanced students, researchers and professional scientists.

Download or read book Metal Resistance in Microorganisms written by Rob Van Houdt and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-05-03 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Metal Response in Cupriavidus metallidurans written by Max Mergeay and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-09 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first volume of a two-volume set summarizing 40 years of key research findings directly related to metal-resistant Cupriavidus/Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria). In this first volume, the historical and geographical context of these bacteria, which are mostly found in industrial and polluted environments linked to zinc and other non-ferrous metallurgy, is sketched to illustrate the interactions between bacteria and human activities and the possible evolutionary consequences on bacterial genomes especially as far as the association of metal resistance genes with mobile genetic elements is concerned. A detailed description of the response and underlying genetic determinants of type strain Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34 to a variety of metals is provided. With high level resistance to cadmium, chromate, cobalt, copper, mercury, nickel, lead and zinc mediated by well-known genes for detoxification carried by its megaplasmids pMOL28 and pMOL30. This description is complemented with the genomic context of the metal response genes in C. metallidurans CH34 with a focus on its mobilome including insertion sequence elements, transposons, integrative and conjugative elements and genomic islands. In addition, in the second volume, structural and catalytic data from bacterial primary and secondary transporters (P-ATPases, tripartite chemiosmotic cation/proton efflux systems, cation diffusion facilitators, Major Facilitator Superfamily and some minor categories) are outlined and detailed for the corresponding C. metallidurans proteins. The available three-dimensional structures of C. metallidurans proteins are reviewed in detail, including RND and membrane fusion proteins (from tripartite chemiosmotic cation/proton efflux systems), sigma and anti-sigma regulatory proteins of the cnr efflux system (resistance to cobalt and nickel) and various periplasmic proteins mainly involved in the response to copper and mercury.

Download or read book The Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization of Phage like Plasmids and Their Ability to Horizontally Transfer Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance Genes to Bacteria of Foodborne Importance written by Anna Colavecchio and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Antibiotic resistance (AR) is emerging as a major public health problem with global implications. Each year, approximately 700,000 deaths worldwide are attributed to AR, and this number is predicted to rise to 10 million by 2050. Phage-like plasmids (PLPs) are a novel MGE that are part phage and part plasmid, and exist extrachromosomally within bacterial cells. Phage-like Plasmids are emerging as an important contributor to the spread of antibiotic resistance, because they harbour ARGs and/or heavy metal resistance (HMR) genes, and may have the potential to perform HGT by phage-mediated mechanisms, such as transduction, or plasmid-mediated mechanisms, such as transformation and conjugation. The objective of this study was to develop a better understanding of PLP genomic structure and biology, by focusing on two main objectives including genomic characterization of PLPs to determine their taxonomic structure and the types of ARGs and HMR genes that they carry, and phenotypic analysis of the potential of PLPs to horizontally transfer ARGs and HMR genes by transduction, transformation, and conjugation in order to determine whether they can confer resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals. A total of 57 PLPs (18 reported in the scientific literature, 31 PLP genome sequences identified within Genbank, and 8 PLPs that were isolated from bacterial strains of bovine and food origin) were characterized in this study. Genomic analysis revealed that 29% of the PLPs carried ARGs that are known to confer AR resistance to [beta]-lactams, carbapenems, colistin, and aminoglycosides, and that 10% of the PLPs carried genes that have been associated with resistance to either mercury or tellurite. Additionally, the results from this genomic analysis suggested that 54 of 57 PLPs (93%) had nucleotide sequence identity to the Siphophage SSU5 or the prototypical PLP P1, and, therefore, could be classified into two distinct lineages, the SSU5-like and P1-like lineages. The SSU5-like PLP AnCo1 (encoding CTX-M-15), P1-like PLP SJ1 (encoding a mercury resistance operon), and P1-like PLP MA725 (encoding terB) were successfully transduced. PLP SJ1 was capable of infecting 18 different strains, including 2 commensal (lab) E. coli strains, 4 E. coli O157 strains, and 12 Salmonella strains, suggesting that this PLP may have a broad host range. Phage-like-Plasmids were also found to be capable of HGT through plasmid-mediated mechanisms, as demonstrated by the fact that the PLPs AnCo1, SJ1, and MA725 were successfully transformed to E. coli DH10B. Furthermore, while the PLPs lack genes necessary for conjugation, AnCo1 and SJ1 were successfully conjugated to E. coli J53 in the presence of the helper plasmid pRK2013. Phenotypic characterization of the ability of the PLPs to confer antibiotic and heavy metal resistance was conducted through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) experiments that demonstrated that, regardless of the HGT mechanism, individual PLPs conferred the same levels of resistance to their bacterial hosts. The PLPs AnCo1 and SJ1 conferred 3 mg/ml of resistance to cefotaxime and 50 [mu]g/ml to mercury chloride, respectively. Of note, it was demonstrated for the first time that terB harboured by PLP MA725 conferred 40 [mu]g/ml of resistance to potassium tellurite and conferred cross-resistance (10 [mu]g/ml) to colistin sulphate, which is of clinical significance, as colistin is considered to be an antibiotic of last resort. Phage-like plasmids represent a versatile MGE, as they can mobilize ARGs and HMR genes via all 3 mechanisms of HGT. Taken together, the results of this study highlight the contribution of PLPs to the dissemination of AR within the agricultural and clinical environments. " --

Download or read book Metal Ions in Gene Regulation written by Simon Silver and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first volume on the role of metal ions in regulating genes to focus not only on toxicity effects of metals but also on the role of metal ions in normal metabolisms, in both prokaryotes and in eukaryotes. This book is a comprehensive treatment of the role of metal ions in gene regulation, and it will be of great utility for those doing basic biological and biomedical research.

Download or read book Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria written by Frans J. de Bruijn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 1472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteria in various habitats are subject to continuously changing environmental conditions, such as nutrient deprivation, heat and cold stress, UV radiation, oxidative stress, dessication, acid stress, nitrosative stress, cell envelope stress, heavy metal exposure, osmotic stress, and others. In order to survive, they have to respond to these conditions by adapting their physiology through sometimes drastic changes in gene expression. In addition they may adapt by changing their morphology, forming biofilms, fruiting bodies or spores, filaments, Viable But Not Culturable (VBNC) cells or moving away from stress compounds via chemotaxis. Changes in gene expression constitute the main component of the bacterial response to stress and environmental changes, and involve a myriad of different mechanisms, including (alternative) sigma factors, bi- or tri-component regulatory systems, small non-coding RNA’s, chaperones, CHRIS-Cas systems, DNA repair, toxin-antitoxin systems, the stringent response, efflux pumps, alarmones, and modulation of the cell envelope or membranes, to name a few. Many regulatory elements are conserved in different bacteria; however there are endless variations on the theme and novel elements of gene regulation in bacteria inhabiting particular environments are constantly being discovered. Especially in (pathogenic) bacteria colonizing the human body a plethora of bacterial responses to innate stresses such as pH, reactive nitrogen and oxygen species and antibiotic stress are being described. An attempt is made to not only cover model systems but give a broad overview of the stress-responsive regulatory systems in a variety of bacteria, including medically important bacteria, where elucidation of certain aspects of these systems could lead to treatment strategies of the pathogens. Many of the regulatory systems being uncovered are specific, but there is also considerable “cross-talk” between different circuits. Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria is a comprehensive two-volume work bringing together both review and original research articles on key topics in stress and environmental control of gene expression in bacteria. Volume One contains key overview chapters, as well as content on one/two/three component regulatory systems and stress responses, sigma factors and stress responses, small non-coding RNAs and stress responses, toxin-antitoxin systems and stress responses, stringent response to stress, responses to UV irradiation, SOS and double stranded systems repair systems and stress, adaptation to both oxidative and osmotic stress, and desiccation tolerance and drought stress. Volume Two covers heat shock responses, chaperonins and stress, cold shock responses, adaptation to acid stress, nitrosative stress, and envelope stress, as well as iron homeostasis, metal resistance, quorum sensing, chemotaxis and biofilm formation, and viable but not culturable (VBNC) cells. Covering the full breadth of current stress and environmental control of gene expression studies and expanding it towards future advances in the field, these two volumes are a one-stop reference for (non) medical molecular geneticists interested in gene regulation under stress.

Download or read book Molecular Biology Pathogenicity and Ecology of Bacterial Plasmids written by Stuart B. Levy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book resulted from presentations at an international conference on bacterial p1asmids held January 5-9, 1981 in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. This was the first meeting of its kind in the Southern Hemisphere. The meeting place was selected for its relaxed and comfortable climate, conducive to interactions among participants. More importantly the locale facilitated the participation of nearby Latin American clinical and research scientists who deal directly with the health manifestations of pathogenic p1asmids. Diseases and socio-economic practices of developing countries exist in the Dominican Republic whose scientific community could directly benefit from having the meeting there. The book includes the talks as well as extended abstracts of poster presentations from the meeting. This combination, which provides readers with reviews as well as recent findings, captures the full scientific exchange which took place during the 5-day meeting. As one indication of pathogenicity related to p1asmids, the conferees were surveyed for gastro-intestina1 problems during and after their stay in the Dominican Republic. The results are summarized at the end of this book.

Download or read book Molecular Microbiology of Heavy Metals written by Dietrich H. Nies and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-24 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers allocation of metals in cells, metal transporter, storage and metalloregulatory proteins, cellular responses to metal ion stress, transcription of genes involved in metal ion homeostasis, uptake of essential metals, metal efflux and other detoxification mechanisms. The book also discusses metal bioreporters for the nanomolar range of concentration and tools to address the metallome. In addition, coverage details specific metals.

Download or read book Trace Metals and Infectious Diseases written by Jerome O. Nriagu and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2024-06-11 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts explore the influence of trace metals on the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. Many parts of the world in which common infectious diseases are endemic also have the highest prevalence of trace metal deficiencies or rising rates of trace metal pollution. Infectious diseases can increase human susceptibility to adverse effects of metal exposure (at suboptimal or toxic levels), and metal excess or deficiency can increase the incidence or severity of infectious diseases. The co-clustering of major infectious diseases with trace metal deficiency or toxicity has created a complex web of interactions with serious but poorly understood health repercussions, yet has been largely overlooked in animal and human studies. This book focuses on the distribution, trafficking, fate, and effects of trace metals in biological systems. Its goal is to enhance our understanding of the relationships between homeostatic mechanisms of trace metals and the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. Drawing on expertise from a range of fields, the book offers a comprehensive review of current knowledge on vertebrate metal-withholding mechanisms and the strategies employed by different microbes to avoid starvation (or poisoning). Chapters summarize current, state-of-the-art techniques for investigating pathogen-metal interactions and highlight open question to guide future research. The book makes clear that improving knowledge in this area will be instrumental to the development of novel therapeutic measures against infectious diseases. Contributors M. Leigh Ackland, Vahid Fa Andisi, Angele L. Arrieta, Michael A. Bachman, J. Sabine Becker, Robert E. Black, Julia Bornhorst, Sascha Brunke, Joseph A. Caruso, Jennifer S. Cavet, Anson C. K. Chan, Christopher H. Contag, Heran Darwin, George V. Dedoussis, Rodney R. Dietert, Victor J. DiRita, Carol A. Fierke, Tamara Garcia-Barrera, David P. Giedroc, Peter-Leon Hagedoorn, James A. Imlay, Marek J. Kobylarz, Joseph Lemire, Wenwen Liu, Slade A. Loutet, Wolfgang Maret, Andreas Matusch, Trevor F. Moraes, Michael E. P. Murphy, Maribel Navarro, Jerome O. Nriagu, Ana-Maria Oros-Peusquens, Elisabeth G. Pacyna, Jozef M. Pacyna, Robert D. Perry, John M. Pettifor, Stephanie Pfaffen, Dieter Rehder, Lothar Rink, Anthony B. Schryvers, Ellen K. Silbergeld, Eric P. Skaar, Miguel C. P. Soares, Kyrre Sundseth, Dennis J. Thiele, Richard B. Thompson, Meghan M. Verstraete, Gonzalo Visbal, Fudi Wang, Mian Wang, Thomas J. Webster, Jeffrey N. Weiser, Günter Weiss, Inga Wessels, Bin Ye, Judith T. Zelikoff, Lihong Zhang

Download or read book Development of novel tools for genomic and metagenomic analyses of metal resistant bacteria written by Mikołaj Dziurzyński and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Soil Bioremediation written by Javid A. Parray and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-22 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SOIL BIOREMEDIATION A practical guide to the environmentally sustainable bioremediation of soil Soil Bioremediation: An Approach Towards Sustainable Technology provides the first comprehensive discussion of sustainable and effective techniques for soil bioremediation involving microbes. Presenting established and updated research on emerging trends in bioremediation, this book provides contributions from both experimental and numerical researchers who provide reports on significant field trials. Soil Bioremediation instructs the reader on several different environmentally friendly bioremediation techniques, including: Bio-sorption Bio-augmentation Bio-stimulation Emphasizing molecular approaches and biosynthetic pathways of microbes, this one-of-a-kind reference focuses heavily on the role of microbes in the degradation and removal of xenobiotic substances from the environment and presents a unique management and conservation perspective in the field of environmental microbiology. Soil Bioremediation is perfect for undergraduate students in the fields of environmental science, microbiology, limnology, freshwater ecology and microbial biotechnology. It is also invaluable for researchers and scientists working in the areas of environmental science, environmental microbiology, and waste management.

Download or read book Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals written by Stefan Schwarz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-07-02 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogenic bacteria is a continuing challenge to the health care of humans and domesticated animals. With no new agents on the horizon, it is imperative to use antimicrobial agents wisely to preserve their future efficacy. Led by Editors Stefan Schwarz, Lina Maria Cavaco, and Jianzhong Shen with Frank Møller Aarestrup, an international team of experts in antimicrobial resistance of livestock and companion animals has created this valuable reference for veterinary students and practitioners as well as researchers and decision makers interested in understanding and preventing antimicrobial resistance.

Download or read book Metal Response in Cupriavidus metallidurans written by Guy Vandenbussche and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-10 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the second volume of a two-volume set summarizing 40 years of key research findings directly related to metal-resistant Cupriavidus/Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria). In this second volume, the structural and catalytic data from bacterial primary and secondary transporters (P-ATPases, tripartite chemiosmotic cation/proton efflux systems, cation diffusion facilitators, Major Facilitator Superfamily and some minor categories) are outlined and detailed for the corresponding C. metallidurans proteins. The available three-dimensional structures are reviewed in detail, including RND and membrane fusion proteins (from tripartite chemiosmotic cation/proton efflux systems), sigma and anti-sigma regulatory proteins of the cnr efflux system (resistance to cobalt and nickel) and various periplasmic proteins mainly involved in the response to copper and mercury. In addition, the first volume sketches the historical and geographical context of these bacteria, which are mostly found in industrial and polluted environments linked to zinc and other non-ferrous metallurgy, to illustrate the interactions between bacteria and human activities and the possible evolutionary consequences on bacterial genomes especially as far as the association of metal resistance genes with mobile genetic elements is concerned. It provides a detailed description of the response and underlying genetic determinants of type strain Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34 to a variety of metals. With high level resistance to cadmium, chromate, cobalt, copper, mercury, nickel, lead and zinc mediated by well-known genes for detoxification carried by its megaplasmids pMOL28 and pMOL30. This description is complemented with the genomic context of the metal response genes in C. metallidurans CH34 with a focus on its mobilome including insertion sequence elements, transposons, integrative and conjugative elements and genomic islands.

Download or read book Microbial Versatility in Varied Environments written by Raghvendra Pratap Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book compiles the latest studies on microorganisms thriving in extreme conditions. Microbes have been found in extremely high and low temperatures, highly acidic to saline conditions, from deserts to the Dead sea, from hot-springs to underwater hydrothermal vents- the diversity is incredible. The various chapters highlight the microbial life and describe the mechanisms of tolerance to these harsh conditions, and show how an understanding of these phenomena can help us exploit the microbes in biotechnology. The theme of the book is highly significant since life in these environments can give vital clues about the origin and evolution of life on earth, as a lot of these conditions simulate the environment present billions of years ago. Additionally, the study of adaptation and survival of organisms in such environments can be important for finding life on other planets. This book shall be useful for students, researchers and course instructors interested in evolution, microbial adaptations and ecology in varied environments.