Download or read book Genomically Enhanced Predictions of Dairy Cattle Fertility written by Emily Marie Sitko and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research presented in this thesis aimed at improving the efficiency of dairy farms through the development of targeted reproductive management strategies (TRM) based on genomically enhanced predictions of fertility, and the elucidation of associations between genetic merit for fertility and biological outcomes that affect dairy cow reproductive performance.Chapter II and III present the results of an experiment designed to compare the association between genetic merit for fertility and reproductive and profitability outcomes of cows submitted for artificial insemination (AI) with management programs that prioritized AI at detected estrus (AIE) or timed AI (TAI). Another objective was to determine if cows with different genetic potential for fertility would present a distinct response to the strategies compared. The study presented in Chapter IV and V characterized associations between genetic merit for fertility and biological parameters known to alter reproductive performance of cows. Results presented in Chapter II and III indicated that primiparous Holstein cows of superior genetic merit for fertility had better reproductive performance than cows of inferior genetic merit for fertility regardless of the type of reproductive management used. In addition, the effect of TRM based on genetic merit for fertility on reproductive performance depended on the outcome or sets of outcomes of interest evaluated. For example, cows of superior and intermediate genetic merit for fertility had greater P/AI when managed with the predominant TAI program but reduced days to pregnancy when managed with the program that prioritized AIE. Cows of inferior fertility also had greater first service P/AI with the program that prioritized TAI but had similar days to pregnancy with both management strategies. From an economic standpoint, cows of inferior fertility had greater cash flow than cows of superior fertility. For cows in specific fertility groups, the effects of the reproductive management strategies compared generated differences in cash flow of potential value for commercial dairy farms. The study presented in Chapter IV and V demonstrated a potential association of genomic merit for fertility with physiological and endocrine parameters known to affect reproductive performance of dairy cows. Particularly, cows of inferior genetic merit for fertility had poorer uterine health, decreased response to synchronization of estrus and ovulation, and were more likely to present altered ovarian and hormonal phenotypes that led to more frequent expression of atypical estrous cycles as compared with cows of superior genetic merit for fertility. Overall, we observed that genetically enhanced predictions of fertility might be a suitable tool for decision making in TRM. Additionally, the value of TRM programs for cows of different genetic merit for fertility might be on improving aspects of herd management such as simplifying program implementation or reducing reliance on hormonal interventions while maintaining acceptable levels of reproductive performance. An improved understanding of biological differences associated with genetic variation, such as our observations in Chapter IV and V, may be beneficial for the development of novel TRM and technologies to improve the reproductive efficiency of dairy cattle. This novel information could also support the development of new traits for selection of fertility.
Download or read book Genomic Analysis of Male Fertility in Brown Swiss Cattle written by Hendyel Aparecida Pacheco and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation investigated bull fertility in Brown Swiss cattle. Chapter One offers an overview and an outline for the contents of the dissertation. Chapter Two provides a literature review on topics such as the importance of reproduction performance in dairy cattle, the importance of dairy bull fertility, and different genetic analyses. Chapter Three focuses on the evaluation of dairy bull fertility using confirmed pregnancy records. The analysis included both factors related to the bull under evaluation and factors associated with the cow that receives the unit of semen. The results showed that there is a substantial variation in conception rate among bulls, and the prediction of service sire fertility is feasible. These findings represent the foundation for the development of novel tools that will allow the dairy industry to make enhanced management and selection decisions on Brown Swiss male fertility. Chapter Four focuses on understanding the genetic basis of male fertility in Italian Brown Swiss dairy cattle. The analyses included whole-genome scans and gene-set analyses to identify genomic regions, individual genes, and genetic mechanisms affecting Brown Swiss bull fertility. These analyses identified genomic regions, individual genes, and gene-set related to male fertility. Additionally, the results showed genomic regions with marked non-additive effects associated with bull fertility. This comprehensive study contributes to a better understanding of the genetic basis of male fertility in cattle. Chapter Five aims to assess the feasibility of predicting male fertility in Brown Swiss cattle using genomic data under different scenarios, including within-country, across-country, and incorporating markers with large effect. The analyses included the use of linear kernel-based regression models fitting all SNPs or incorporating markers with large effect, using five-fold cross-validation. The findings showed that the prediction of service sire fertility using genomic data achieves moderate to high accuracy and the inclusion of markers with large effect is a promising alternative to the standard approach. However, the use of an across-country reference population did not outperform the standard within-country approach. Genomic predictions of service sire fertility can help Brown Swiss breeders make accurate genome-guided selection and management decisions. Chapter Six evaluates the presence of homozygosity in Italian Brown Swiss dairy cattle and assesses its association with bull fertility. The findings showed that inbreeding and increased homozygosity have a negative impact on male fertility in Italian Brown Swiss cattle. The quantification of homozygosity can contribute to minimizing the inbreeding rate and avoid its negative effect on fitness-related traits, such as male fertility. Lastly, a final Chapter is provided with some concluding remarks.
Download or read book Predicting Survival in Dairy Cattle Using Machine Learning written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Milk Progesterone Measures to Improve Genomic Selection for Fertility in Dairy Cows written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Milk Progesterone Measures to Improve Genomic Selection for Fertility in Dairy Cows written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Breeding of Dairy Cattle written by Julius Van der Werf and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Consumer Preferences for the Genomic Selection for Particular Traits in Breeding Dairy Cows in Canada written by Jiwon Kim and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines Canadian public preferences for the use of genomic selection in breeding dairy cows for four main traits- feed efficiency, methane emission reduction, enhanced disease resilience, improved cow fertility as well as the use of antibiotics. Since this research information might be helpful to guide farmers to tap into consumer preferences and make better decisions which can beneficial for both animal, environment and themselves, this study identified the characteristics of individuals who are more or less in favor of one or more traits as well as public preferences for the four main traits and the use of antibiotics. Based on the survey results, two approaches, conditional logit and latent class models which can capture respondent heterogeneity were estimated, and heterogeneity does exist across survey respondents. Given the analyses, the feed efficiency trait was preferred the most based in the conditional logit models. On the other hand, the enhanced disease resilience and feed efficiency traits are preferred the most based on the latent class model. Furthermore, as the latent class model may reflect the reality well through exploring heterogeneity, there were nine identified classes of respondents with different preferences. There are variations across classes with respect to environmental self-assessed knowledge, myths of nature, animal husbandry, and on top of gender, number of children under age 18 across the nine classes. Lastly, the predicted shares for dairy products produced with genomic selective breeding with each of the four traits was predicted. There is around 67.3~74.6% market demand for the dairy products produced with the enhanced disease resilience trait. Regarding the feed efficiency trait, the expected market demand is around 51.9~54.9%, while around 8.5~9.2% for the improved fertility trait. Also, there is about 34.7~41% market demand for the dairy products which have the methane emission reduction attribute. When it comes to the use of antibiotics, around 48.4~55.3% people like the therapeutic use of antibiotics as opposed to no antibiotics.
Download or read book Fertility in the High Producing Dairy Cow written by M. G. Diskin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bovine Reproduction written by Richard M. Hopper and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-08-18 with total page 2206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bovine Reproduction is a comprehensive, current reference providing information on all aspects of reproduction in the bull and cow. Offering fundamental knowledge on evaluating and restoring fertility in the bovine patient, the book also places information in the context of herd health where appropriate for a truly global view of bovine theriogenology. Printed in full color throughout, the book includes 83 chapters and more than 550 images, making it the most exhaustive reference available on this topic. Each section covers anatomy and physiology, breeding management, and reproductive surgery, as well as obstetrics and pregnancy wastage in the cow. Bovine Reproduction is a welcome resource for bovine practitioners, theriogenologists, and animal scientists, as well as veterinary students and residents with an interest in the cow.
Download or read book Introduction to Quantitative Genetics written by Douglas Scott Falconer and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lastest edition of this classic text continues to provide the basis for understanding the genetic principles behind quantitative differences in phenotypes and how they apply to animal and plant improvement and evolution. It extends these concepts to the segregation of genes that cause genetic variation in quantitative traits. Key techniques and methods are also covered.
Download or read book Outlier Analysis written by Charu C. Aggarwal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-10 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides comprehensive coverage of the field of outlier analysis from a computer science point of view. It integrates methods from data mining, machine learning, and statistics within the computational framework and therefore appeals to multiple communities. The chapters of this book can be organized into three categories: Basic algorithms: Chapters 1 through 7 discuss the fundamental algorithms for outlier analysis, including probabilistic and statistical methods, linear methods, proximity-based methods, high-dimensional (subspace) methods, ensemble methods, and supervised methods. Domain-specific methods: Chapters 8 through 12 discuss outlier detection algorithms for various domains of data, such as text, categorical data, time-series data, discrete sequence data, spatial data, and network data. Applications: Chapter 13 is devoted to various applications of outlier analysis. Some guidance is also provided for the practitioner. The second edition of this book is more detailed and is written to appeal to both researchers and practitioners. Significant new material has been added on topics such as kernel methods, one-class support-vector machines, matrix factorization, neural networks, outlier ensembles, time-series methods, and subspace methods. It is written as a textbook and can be used for classroom teaching.
Download or read book Animal Genomics written by Bhanu P. Chowdhary and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 2003 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides an update on the current status of gene maps in different livestock and pet/companion animal species. The findings summarized in species specific commentaries and original articles testify the rapid advances made in the field of animal genomics. Of significant interest is the fact that current investigations are providing headways for two important and exciting research fronts: targeted high-resolution mapping leading to the application of genomic information in addressing questions of economic and biological significance in animals, and the initiation of whole genome sequencing projects for some of the animal species. Like in humans and mice, this will set the stage for a new level of research and real time complex analysis of the genomes of these species. Animal Genomics signifies the beginning of a new era in this field and celebrates the achievements of the past 20 years of genomics research. It will be of special interest to researchers involved in genome analysis - both gross chromosomal as well as molecular - in various animal species, and to comparative and evolutionary geneticists.
Download or read book Linear Models for the Prediction of Animal Breeding Values written by R. A. Mrode and published by Cab International. This book was released on 2014 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prediction of producing desirable traits in offspring such as increased growth rate or superior meat, milk and wool production is a vital economic tool to the animal scientist. Summarizing the latest developments in genomics relating to animal breeding values and design of breeding programs, this new edition includes models of survival analysis, social interaction and sire and dam models, as well as advancements in the use of SNPs in the computation of genomic breeding values.
Download or read book Reproduction in Cattle written by Peter J. H. Ball and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cattle play a fundamental role in animal agriculture throughout the world. They not only provide us with a vital food source, but they also provide us with fertilizer and fuel. Keeping reproduction levels at an optimum level is therefore essential, but this is often a complicated process, especially with modern, high yielding cows. Written in a practical and user-friendly style, this book aims to help the reader understand cattle reproduction by explaining the underlying physiology of the reproductive process and the role and importance of pharmacology and technology, and showing how management techniques can improve reproductive efficiency. This edition includes: Recent research findings on the physiology of the oestrous cycle and its control; New techniques for monitoring and manipulating reproduction, including pregnancy diagnosis and embryo transfer; Advice on identifying common infertility problems and how to prevent and treat them. Reproduction Cattle 3e is essential reading for veterinary and agricultural students, as well as veterinarians and farmers involved in cattle reproduction.
Download or read book Periparturient Diseases of Dairy Cows written by Burim N. Ametaj and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the results achieved so far by application of various biological systems (including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) involved in the pathomechanisms and early diagnosis of periparturient diseases as specific biomarkers of disease in cattle. These emerging technologies help to extensively enhance our understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of periparturient diseases of transition dairy cows. The book includes a chapter dedicated to ‘omics’ sciences and one that discusses the myths established in animal and veterinary sciences in recent decades and emerging, new paradigms. The diseases discussed include metritis, mastitis, laminitis, ketosis, rumen acidosis, periparturient immunosuppression, gastrointestinal microbiota and their involvement in disease, infertility, fatty liver, milk fever, and retained placenta. This book is intended for academics, veterinarians, animal nutritionists, researchers, and graduate students working in the field of ‘omics sciences’ with a special interest in dairy cattle health.
Download or read book Sustainable Food Production written by Paul Christou and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-05 with total page 1869 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gathering some 90 entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, this book covers animal breeding and genetics for food, crop science and technology, ocean farming and sustainable aquaculture, transgenic livestock for food and more.
Download or read book Bovine Genomics written by James Womack and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-16 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The genetic information being unlocked by advances in genomic and high throughput technologies is rapidly revolutionizing our understanding of developmental processes in bovine species. This information is allowing researchers unprecedented insight into the genetic basis of key traits. Bovine Genomics is the first book to bring together and synthesize the information learned through the bovine genome sequencing project and look at its practical application to cattle and dairy production. Bovine Genomics opens with foundational chapters on the domestication of cattle and traditional Mendelian genetics. Building on these chapters, coverage rapidly moves to quantitative genetics and the advances of whole genome technologies. Significant coverage is given to such topics as epigenetics, mapping quantitative trail loci, genome-wide association studies and genomic selection in cattle breeding. The book is a valuable synthesis of the field written by a global team of leading researchers. Providing wide-ranging coverage of the topic, Bovine Genomic, is an essential guide to the field. The basic and applied science will be of use to researchers, breeders, and advanced students.
