Download or read book Genetics of Pattern Formation and Growth Control written by Society for Developmental Biology. Symposium and published by Wiley-Liss. This book was released on 1990-10 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Topics covered in this volume intended for geneticists and developmental biologists include the origin of polarity, establishment of cell fate, the role of growth factors in development, genetic control of pattern formation and use of transgenic organisms in the study of development.
Download or read book Pattern Formation During Development written by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The architecture of an embryo results from complex molecular interactions in time and space. The secrets of these processes are yielding quickly to genetic and cellular dissection in flies, mice and other species, and finding application to human embryology. This volume presents a survey of the induction of axes, control of cell migration, and the development of the nervous system, limbs, wings and other organs, seen from the perspective of 61 investigators. It is completed by a summary that charts the future of this dynamic field.
Download or read book Genetics of Pattern Formation and Growth Control written by Anthony P. Mahowald and published by Wiley. This book was released on 1990-10-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of molecular biology and the current analysis of key genes that control specific developmental processes have brought significant new advances in understanding developmental mechanisms. This timely text focuses on the importance of genetics in analysing pattern formation and growth patterns. Experts have contributed their wealth of knowledge on such topics as the origin of polarity; establishment of cell fate; the use of transgenic organisms in the study of development; recent approaches for both introducing mutations with high frequency by mobilizing transposons and for getting targeted mutagenesis.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genomic Regulatory Systems written by Eric H. Davidson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-01-24 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction between biology and evolution has been the subject of great interest in recent years. Because evolution is such a highly debated topic, a biologically oriented discussion will appeal not only to scientists and biologists but also to the interested lay person. This topic will always be a subject of controversy and therefore any breaking information regarding it is of great interest.The author is a recognized expert in the field of developmental biology and has been instrumental in elucidating the relationship between biology and evolution. The study of evolution is of interest to many different kinds of people and Genomic Regulatory Systems: In Development and Evolution is written at a level that is very easy to read and understand even for the nonscientist.* Contents Include* Regulatory Hardwiring: A Brief Overview of the Genomic Control Apparatus and Its Causal Role in Development and Evolution * Inside the Cis-Regulatory Module: Control Logic and How the Regulatory Environment Is Transduced into Spatial Patterns of Gene Expression* Regulation of Direct Cell-Type Specification in Early Development* The Secret of the Bilaterians: Abstract Regulatory Design in Building Adult Body Parts* Changes That Make New Forms: Gene Regulatory Systems and the Evolution of Body Plans
Download or read book Mechanisms of Change in the Gene Expression Landscape During Development and Cancer in Drosophila Melanogaster written by Joanna Carmen Downes Bairzin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How multicellular organisms establish and maintain a diversity of incredibly complex body plans is a fundamental question in development. Complex body plans require patterning of limbs, organs, and tissues along axes, such as the segmentation seen along the anteroposterior axis in insects and the vertebrate central nervous system. This diversity of forms is regulated by an intricate network of genetic interactions, and allows for a diversity of functions in the living world. To reproducibly and correctly create complex systems, the genes that control patterning, known as selector genes, must be tightly regulated so that they are only expressed in their correct locations and at the correct time. Normally these patterns of gene expression are stable and invariant. How this regulation occurs continues to be a major area of study in developmental biology. Key genes that confer patterning were first discovered in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, and the utility of these selector genes was later found to be conserved throughout metazoans. Flies remain an incredibly valuable tool to study the principles of how patterns form. In Chapter 1, I discuss some basic principles of the genetics of pattern formation by selector genes and how this is regulated at the epigenetic level, with a focus on patterning in Drosophila. I also cover how cancer coopts these processes and what the relationship between tumorous growth and developmental patterning means for the treatment of cancer. I focus on two pathways, the Hippo pathway and the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, which have been extensively studied for their conserved roles in growth and patterning, and which are the focus of my dissertation research. The Hippo pathway has been implicated as a driver of tissue growth in multiple different types of cancer. Over the last fifteen years, the core pathway as well as several targets of the Hippo pathway have been identified, but it remains unclear exactly how the pathway acts through these targets to control growth, as well as what other effects the pathway has on processes including patterning, cell-cell communication, and regulation of chromatin modification factors. Some aspects of Hippo pathway interactions with signaling pathways that control patterning have been studied, including between the Hippo pathway and Decapentaplegic (Dpp), which is the ortholog of vertebrate BMP2/4. However, interactions with other pathways aren’t fully understood. There has been some work done on the relationship between the Hippo pathway and the Hh pathway, but this mostly relates to Hh’s role upstream of the Hippo pathway and not on whether the Hippo pathway works through the Hh pathway. The Hh pathway has also been implicated in various types of cancer, but it is still not fully clear what regulates the inappropriate activation of the Hh pathway in cancer, nor what its role might be in tumor progression. My work identifies a role for Yorkie (Yki), the transcriptional co-activator of the Hippo pathway, in activating inappropriate Hh pathway signaling in tumorous tissue, which leads to downstream effects within the tumor and in surrounding cells. Chapter 2 describes my work investigating the relationship between these two pathways and how it relates to growth and heterotypic interactions between tumor tissue and surrounding cells. I characterized the intriguing phenomenon of Yki inappropriately activating selector gene expression in tumor tissue, and found that this phenomenon relies on Yki’s activity through two targets, the microRNA bantam and the chromatin regulator taranis. I identified evidence that Yki-mediated activation of these targets leads to changes in chromatin modifiers that facilitate inappropriate patterning gene expression, and I also found evidence that inappropriate developmental signaling from Yki-expressing tumors has an effect on the growth of surrounding wild type cells. Chapter 3 discusses the significance of this work in the budding study of how tumor cells control and communicate with their environment, as well as how they cause epigenetic changes that broadly alter gene expression. My work provides key information about how oncogenes can hijack normal developmental and genetic processes to facilitate the formation of cancer in otherwise healthy tissue. It contributes to our knowledge of how cancer cells behave, which can be used in future study on the biology of tumor tissue, as well as how to treat, categorize, and screen for it.
Download or read book Plant Development written by Marja Timmermans and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-11-18 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A subgroup of homeobox genes, which play an important role in the developmental processes of a variety of multicellular organisms, Hox genes have been shown to play a critical role in vertebrate pattern formation. Hox genes can be thought of as general purpose control genes—that is, they are similar in many organisms and direct the same processes in a variety of organisms, from mouse, to fly, to human. - Provides researchers an overview and synthesis of the latest research findings and contemporary thought in the area - Inclusion of chapters that discuss the evolutionary development of a wide variety of organisms - Gives researchers and clinicians insight into how defective Hox genes trigger developmental abnormalities in embryos
Download or read book Maternal Control of Development in Vertebrates written by Florence Louise Marlow and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eggs of all animals contain mRNAs and proteins that are supplied to or deposited in the egg as it develops during oogenesis. These maternal gene products regulate all aspects of oocyte development, and an embryo fully relies on these maternal gene products for all aspects of its early development, including fertilization, transitions between meiotic and mitotic cell cycles, and activation of its own genome. Given the diverse processes required to produce a developmentally competent egg and embryo, it is not surprising that maternal gene products are not only essential for normal embryonic development but also for fertility. This review provides an overview of fundamental aspects of oocyte and early embryonic development and the interference and genetic approaches that have provided access to maternally regulated aspects of vertebrate development. Some of the pathways and molecules highlighted in this review, in particular, Bmps, Wnts, small GTPases, cytoskeletal components, and cell cycle regulators, are well known and are essential regulators of multiple aspects of animal development, including oogenesis, early embryogenesis, organogenesis, and reproductive fitness of the adult animal. Specific examples of developmental processes under maternal control and the essential proteins will be explored in each chapter, and where known conserved aspects or divergent roles for these maternal regulators of early vertebrate development will be discussed throughout this review. Table of Contents: Introduction / Oogenesis: From Germline Stem Cells to Germline Cysts / Oocyte Polarity and the Embryonic Axes: The Balbiani Body, an Ancient Oocyte Asymmetry / Preparing Developmentally Competent Eggs / Egg Activation / Blocking Polyspermy / Cleavage/ Mitosis: Going Multicellular / Maternal-Zygotic Transition / Reprogramming: Epigenetic Modifications and Zygotic Genome Activation / Dorsal-Ventral Axis Formation before Zygotic Genome Activation in Zebrafish and Frogs / Maternal TGF-β and the Dorsal-Ventral Embryonic Axis / Maternal Control After Zygotic Genome Activation / Compensation by Stable Maternal Proteins / Maternal Contributions to Germline Establishment or Maintenance / Perspective / Acknowledgments / References
Download or read book Mouse Brain Development written by Andre M. Goffinet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in mammalian brain development remains limited. However, the last few years have wit nessed a quantum leap in our knowledge, due to technological improve ments, particularly in molecular genetics. Despite this progress, the available body of data remains mostly phenomenological and reveals very little about the grammar that organizes the molecular dictionary to articulate a pheno type. Nevertheless, the recent progress in genetics will allow us to contem plate, for the first time, the integration of observation into a coherent view of brain development. Clearly, this may be a major challenge for the next century, and arguably is the most important task of contemporary develop mental biology. The purpose of the present book is to provide an overview that syn thesizes up-to-date information on selected aspects of mouse brain devel opment. Given the format, it was not possible to cover all aspects of brain development, and many important subjects are missing. The selected themes are, to a certain extent, subjective and reflect the interests of the contributing authors. Examples of major themes that are not covered are peripheral nervous system development, including myelination, the development of the hippocampus and several other CNS structures, as well as the developmental function of some important morphoregulatory molecules.
Download or read book The Regulatory Genome written by Eric H. Davidson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-07-19 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gene regulatory networks are the most complex, extensive control systems found in nature. The interaction between biology and evolution has been the subject of great interest in recent years. The author, Eric Davidson, has been instrumental in elucidating this relationship. He is a world renowned scientist and a major contributor to the field of developmental biology. The Regulatory Genome beautifully explains the control of animal development in terms of structure/function relations of inherited regulatory DNA sequence, and the emergent properties of the gene regulatory networks composed of these sequences. New insights into the mechanisms of body plan evolution are derived from considerations of the consequences of change in developmental gene regulatory networks. Examples of crucial evidence underscore each major concept. The clear writing style explains regulatory causality without requiring a sophisticated background in descriptive developmental biology. This unique text supersedes anything currently available in the market. - The only book in the market that is solely devoted to the genomic regulatory code for animal development - Written at a conceptual level, including many novel synthetic concepts that ultimately simplify understanding - Presents a comprehensive treatment of molecular control elements that determine the function of genes - Provides a comparative treatment of development, based on principles rather than description of developmental processes - Considers the evolutionary processes in terms of the structural properties of gene regulatory networks - Includes 42 full-color descriptive figures and diagrams
Download or read book Vertebrate Pattern Formation written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-05-13 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vertebrate Pattern Formation, Volume 159 in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series, highlights advances in the field, with this volume presenting interesting chapters on timely topics, including Hox genes patterning the vertebrate body, Endodermal patterning, The use of organoids/gastruloids to understand development, Cell shape and movements controlling development, Neural crest and placodes in vertebrate development, Patterning of the neural tube, Non-canonical Wnt signaling in axial extension, The control of transitions along the main body axis, Emergence of a left-right symmetric body plan in vertebrate embryos, Formation of the vascular system, Generation of patterns in the paraxial mesoderm, and more. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series - Updated release includes the latest information on the Vertebrate Pattern Formation
Download or read book Experimental and Theoretical Advances in Biological Pattern Formation written by Hans G. Othmer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the proceedings of the NATO ARW on 'Biological Pattern Formation' held at Merton College, University of Oxford, on 27-31 August, 1992. The objective of the workshop was to bring together a select group of theoreticians and experimental biologists to present the latest results in the area of biological pattern formation and to foster interactiqn across dis- plines. The workshop was divided into 5 main areas: (i) limb development, (ii) Dictyostelium discoideum, (iii) Drosophila, (iv) cell movement, (v) g- eral pattern formation. We thank all the participants for their contributions, enthusiasm, and willingness to collaborate. There was a genuine, open, and extremely fru- ful interaction between the experimentalists and theoreticians which made the workshop a success. We also thank The Welcome Trust for providing additional funding. The local organization fell mainly on Denise McKittrick and Beverley Bhaskhare at the Mathematical Institute, Oxford, and Jeanette Hudson and the staff of Merton College. We greatly appreciate their help and patience. We also thank Jonathan Sherratt, Wendy Brandts and Debbie Benson for helping out in the conference and for providing a happy welcome to parti- pants on a typically cold, wet and windy English summer day.
Download or read book Master Control Genes in Development and Evolution written by Walter J. Gehring and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this fascinating book, one of the world's most eminent developmental biologists discusses some of the exciting new insights into how genes control development. Walter Gehring describes in vivid detail his essential contributions to the landmark discovery of the homeobox, a characteristic DNA segment found in the genes of all higher organisms from the fruitfly to humans, and he explains how this has provided the key to our modern understanding of development and evolution. The book thus becomes not only a lucid discussion of genetics but also an engaging description of the art of scientific investigation. Gehring begins his story by looking at the work of the many researchers who laid the foundation for the fields of molecular, cellular, and developmental biology, providing insightful vignettes of past and present investigators. He then describes his laboratory's hunt for the gene that caused odd mutations in the fruitfly--in which, for example, antennae on the head were transformed into legs. He explains that researchers eventually found that the same master control genes that dictate the body plan in flies also pattern human bodies, limbs, hands, heart, and brain. And he illustrates the universality of the genetic control of development by describing the development of the eye; eyes as different as those of humans, squids, and flies, he shows, develop under the same master control gene.
Download or read book Patterns in Fungal Development written by Siu-Wai Chiu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-09-13 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Account of the developmental biology of fungi.
Download or read book Developmental Patterning of the Vertebrate Limb written by J.Richard Hinchliffe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following pioneering work by Harrison on amphibian limbs in the 1920s and by Saunders (1948) on the apical ridge in chick limbs, limb development became a classical model system for investigating such fundamental developmental issues as tissue interactions and induction, and the control of pattern formation. Earlier international conferences, at Grenoble 1972, Glasgow 1976,and Storrs, Connecticut 1982, reflected the interests and technology of their time. Grenoble was concerned with ectoderm-mesenchyme interaction, but by the time of the Glasgow meeting, the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA) and its role in control of patterning was the dominant theme. Storrs produced the first intimations that the ZPA could be mimicked by retinoic acid (RA), but the diversity of extracellular masrix ~olecules,particularly in skeletogenesis,was the main focus of attention. By 1990, the paradigms had again shifted. Originally, the planners of the ARW saw retinoic acid (as a possible morphogen controlling skeletal patterning), the variety of extracellular matrix components and their roles, and the developmental basis of limb evolution as the leading contemporary topics. However, as planning proceeded, it was clear that the new results emerging from the use of homeobox gene probes (first developed to investigate the genetic control of patterning of Drosophila embryos) to analyse the localised expression of "patterning genes" in limb buds would also be an important theme.
Download or read book Models of Biological Pattern Formation written by Hans Meinhardt and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of the Wingless Gene in the Control of Growth and Pattern Formation During Drosophila Wing Development written by Carl Joachim Neumann and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
