Download or read book Genetics and Regulation of Nitrogen Fixation in Free Living Bacteria written by Werner Klipp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-28 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetics and Regulation of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria This book is the second volume of a seven-volume series, which covers all fields of research related to nitrogen fixation - from basic studies through applied aspects to environmental impacts. Volume II provides a comprehensive and detailed source of information concerning the genetics and regulation of biological nitrogen fixation in free-living prokaryotes. This preface attempts to provide the reader with some insight into how this volume originated, how it was planned, and then how it developed over the several years of its production. Once the editorial team was established, the first job was to decide which of the many free-living diazotrophs that have been subjected to genetic analysis should be included in this volume. Would we need to develop specific criteria for selection or would the organisms, in effect, select themselves? Of course, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Azotobacter vinelandii, which have served (and still serve) as the main model organisms for the genetic analysis of diazotrophy, plus some of the other bacteria described in this volume, did indeed select themselves. However, there was considerable discussion surrounding well-characterized fixing species, like Azorhizobium caulinodans and Herbaspirillum seropedicae, both of which are able to fix atmospheric N under free-living conditions.
Download or read book Genetics and Regulation of Nitrogen Fixation in Free Living Bacteria written by Werner Klipp and published by Kluwer Academic Publishers. This book was released on 2004-07 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive and detailed source of information on the genetic and regulatory aspects of biological nitrogen fixation in free-living (non-symbiotic) prokaryotes. Biological nitrogen fixation is represented in a diverse range of microorganisms, among which Klebsiella pneumoniae serves as a paradigm for the genetic analysis of diazotrophy, which is the ability to grow with N as sole nitrogen source.
Download or read book Biological Nitrogen Fixation written by Gary S. Stacey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-04-30 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phylogenetic classification of nitrogen-fixing organisms. Physiology of nitrogen fixation in free-living heterotrophs. Nitrogen fixation by photosynthetic bacteria. Nitrogen fixation in cyanobacteria. Nitrogen fixation by methanogenic bacteria. Associative nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Actinorhizal symbioses. Ecology of bradyrhizobium and rhizobium. The rhizobium infection process. Physiology of nitrogen-fixing legume nodules: compartments, and functions. Hydrogen cycling in symbiotic bacteria. Evolution of nitrogen-fixing symbioses. The rhizobium symbiosis of the nonlegume parasponia. Genetic analysis of rhizobium nodulation. Nodulins in root nodule development. Plant genetics of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Molecular genetics of bradyrhizobium symbioses. The enzymology of molybdenum-dependent nitrogen fixation. Alternative nitrogen fixation systems. Biochemical genetics of nitrogenase. Regulation of nitrogen fixation genes in free-living and symbiotic bacteria. Isolated iron-molybdenum cofactor of nitrogenase.
Download or read book Nitrogen Fixation written by John Raymond Postgate and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-10-15 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introductory-level survey of biological nitrogen fixation, covering the role of the process in the global nitrogen cycle as well as its biochemistry, physiology, genetics, ecology, general biology and prospects for its future exploitation.
Download or read book Genetic Engineering for Nitrogen Fixation written by Alexander Hollaender and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a time in scientific research when a number of developments coincide making it possible to progress with a tough and complicated problem. It is believed that such a time has come in the area of biological nitrogen fixation. A better understanding of photosynthesis, cell hybridization, plasmid, and gene transfer between cells not necessarily genetically related, have opened new avenues of research. New developments in traditional genetics, cell biology, biochemistry, including enzyme chemistry, and plant physi ology have brought about the feeling this is a most appro priate time to pull together the different approaches in a conference where the lines of research could be discussed and thus help to speed up developments in this area. What makes biological nitrogen fixation especially im portant is the promise that a good understanding of the basic problem would help us to make organisms more amenable to fix nitrogen, not only in symbiosis with legumes, but also with other plant species and develop a wider variety of organisms with the ability to fix N • It will also 2 encourage a search for naturally occurring N2 fixing organ isms other than the traditional N2 fixers. Some success has already been encountered in this area. Success in broadening the field of nitrogen fixing would help to increase food supply, especially in de veloping countries which cannot afford to purchase synthetic nitrogen sources.
Download or read book Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation written by P. Graham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past three decades there has been a large amount of research on biological nitrogen fixation, in part stimulated by increasing world prices of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and environmental concerns. In the last several years, research on plant--microbe interactions, and symbiotic and asymbiotic nitrogen fixation has become truly interdisciplinary in nature, stimulated to some degree by the use of modern genetic techniques. These methodologies have allowed us to make detailed analyses of plant and bacterial genes involved in symbiotic processes and to follow the growth and persistence of the root-nodule bacteria and free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria in soils. Through the efforts of a large number of researchers we now have a better understanding of the ecology of rhizobia, environmental parameters affecting the infection and nodulation process, the nature of specificity, the biochemistry of host plants and microsymbionts, and chemical signalling between symbiotic partners. This volume gives a summary of current research efforts and knowledge in the field of biological nitrogen fixation. Since the research field is diverse in nature, this book presents a collection of papers in the major research area of physiology and metabolism, genetics, evolution, taxonomy, ecology, and international programs.
Download or read book Advances in Biology and Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation written by Takuji Ohyama and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2014-01-29 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological nitrogen fixation has essential role in N cycle in global ecosystem. Several types of nitrogen fixing bacteria are recognized: the free-living bacteria in soil or water; symbiotic bacteria making root nodules in legumes or non-legumes; associative nitrogen fixing bacteria that resides outside the plant roots and provides fixed nitrogen to the plants; endophytic nitrogen fixing bacteria living in the roots, stems and leaves of plants. In this book there are 11 chapters related to biological nitrogen fixation, regulation of legume-rhizobium symbiosis, and agriculture and ecology of biological nitrogen fixation, including new models for autoregulation of nodulation in legumes, endophytic nitrogen fixation in sugarcane or forest trees, etc. Hopefully, this book will contribute to biological, ecological, and agricultural sciences.
Download or read book Nitrogen Fixation by Free Living Micro Organisms written by William Duncan Patterson Stewart and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1975 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1976 volume provides information, presented at an international symposium in Edinburgh, on the free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria and blue-green algae. In addition to information on the distribution of the nitrogenase enzyme within these groups, their role in the soil and in aquatic systems is considered, as are the methods of measuring nitrogen fixation.
Download or read book Genetic Engineering of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and Conservation of Fixed Nitrogen written by J. M. Lyons and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume developed from a symposium entitled "Enhancing Biological Production of Ammonia From Atmospheric Nitrogen and Soil Nitrate" that was held at Lake Tahoe, California in June, 1980. The meeting was supported by the National Science Foundation, Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences and by the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis. A total of 99 scientists from 41 insti tutions participated. Plants capture solar energy in photosynthesis and use mineral nutrients to produce human food and fiber products. The extent to which such materials are removed from agricultural production sites represents a permanent drain of mineral nutrients. Some plants of agronomic importance such as alfalfa, soybean, and clover associate with soil bacteria and use photosynthetic energy to reduce N2 to NH3. Many other free-living bacteria and some symbioses involving procaryotes and eucaryotes also reduce N2. Such processes repre sent one natural mechanism by which Man can augment soil N for agronomic purposes without using fossil fuel to synthesize and distribute N fertilizer. Other metabolic conversions in the N cycle and physical leaching processes remove N made available through N2 fixation. Thus nitrification, denitrification, and utilization of soil N by plants are processes that must be con sidered if one is to conserve N captured by N2 fixation. The meeting at Lake Tahoe united scientists from many disci plines to review the literature and to discuss current research directed toward the goal stated in the symposium title.
Download or read book Limitations and Potentials for Biological Nitrogen Fixation in the Tropics written by Johanna Döbereiner and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cerrado a region of high agricultural potential that requires nitrogen; Potential for nitrogen fixation in tropical legumes and grasses; Free-living bacteria; Nitrogen fixation by soil algae of temperate and tropical soils; Contribution of the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis to the ecosystem and food production; Plant influence in symbiotic nitrogen fixation; Plant photosynthesis; Interactions of plant photosynthesis with dinitrogen fixation and nitrate assimilation; Some aspects of the Alnus-type root nodule symbiosis; Legumes and acid soils; Micronutrient requirements of legume-Rhizobium symbiosis in the tropics; Ecology of legume-Rhizobium symbiosis; Nitrogenase systems; Relationship between hydrogen metabolism and nitrogen fixation in legumes; Ammonia assimilation in N2-Fixing systems; Genetics and regulation of nitrogen fixation; Leghaemoglobin, oxygen supply and nitrogen fixation: studies with soybean nodules; Nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium spp. in laboratory culture media; Limiting factors in grass nitrogen fixation; Physiology and biochemistry of Spirillum lipoferum; Taxonomy of the root-associated nitrogen fixing bacterium Spirillum lipoferum; Abstracts of original papers; Abstracts of posters.
Download or read book Biological Nitrogen Fixation written by Frans J. de Bruijn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-12 with total page 2250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen is arguably the most important nutrient required by plants. However, the availability of nitrogen is limited in many soils and although the earth's atmosphere consists of 78.1% nitrogen gas (N2) plants are unable to use this form of nitrogen. To compensate , modern agriculture has been highly reliant on industrial nitrogen fertilizers to achieve maximum crop productivity. However, a great deal of fossil fuel is required for the production and delivery of nitrogen fertilizer. Moreover carbon dioxide (CO2) which is released during fossil fuel combustion contributes to the greenhouse effect and run off of nitrate leads to eutrophication of the waterways. Biological nitrogen fixation is an alternative to nitrogen fertilizer. It is carried out by prokaryotes using an enzyme complex called nitrogenase and results in atmospheric N2 being reduced into a form of nitrogen diazotrophic organisms and plants are able to use (ammonia). It is this process and its major players which will be discussed in this book. Biological Nitrogen Fixation is a comprehensive two volume work bringing together both review and original research articles on key topics in nitrogen fixation. Chapters across both volumes emphasize molecular techniques and advanced biochemical analysis approaches applicable to various aspects of biological nitrogen fixation. Volume 1 explores the chemistry and biochemistry of nitrogenases, nif gene regulation, the taxonomy, evolution, and genomics of nitrogen fixing organisms, as well as their physiology and metabolism. Volume 2 covers the symbiotic interaction of nitrogen fixing organisms with their host plants, including nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation, plant and microbial "omics", cyanobacteria, diazotrophs and non-legumes, field studies and inoculum preparation, as well as nitrogen fixation and cereals. Covering the full breadth of current nitrogen fixation research and expanding it towards future advances in the field, Biological Nitrogen Fixation will be a one-stop reference for microbial ecologists and environmental microbiologists as well as plant and agricultural researchers working on crop sustainability.
Download or read book The Biology of Nitrogen Fixation written by Anton Quispel and published by North-Holland. This book was released on 1974 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General introduction; Methodology; Free-living heterotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacteria; Nitrogen fixation in the phyllosphere; Photosynthetic bacteria; Blue-green algae; Associations with blue-green algae; Root-nodule symbioses with Rhizobium; Root-nodulesymbioses with actinomycete-like organisms; Development of root-nodule symbioses; Putative nitrogen fixation in otther symbioses; The enzyme system; Genetics of N2-fixing organisms; Prerequisites for biological nitrogen fixation.
Download or read book Biological Nitrogen Fixation written by John Raymond Postgate and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genomes and Genomics of Nitrogen fixing Organisms written by Rafael Palacios and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomes and Genomics of Nitrogen-fixing Organisms This is Volume 3 of a seven-volume series on all aspects of Nitrogen Fixation. The series aims to be the definitive authority in the field and to act as a benchmark for some years to come. Rather than attempting to cram the whole field into a single volume, the subject matter is divided among seven volumes to allow authors the luxury of writing in depth with a comprehensive reference base. All authors are recognized practicing scientists in the area of their contribution, which ensures the high quality, relevance, and readability of the chapters. In establishing the rationale for, and the organization of, this book, we realized the need to divide it into two sections. The first section should be organism based and should review our current knowledge of the genomes of nitrogen-fixing organisms and what these nucleotide sequences tell us. The second section should then be technology based. It should review what technologies are available to mine the data inherent in the nucleotide sequences and how they are now being used to produce gene-function data from differential gene expression.
Download or read book Report of the Public Meeting on Genetic Engineering for Nitrogen Fixation Held at the National Academy of Sciences Washington D C October 5 6 1977 Edited by Alexander Hollaender written by Alexander Hollaender and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Associative and Endophytic Nitrogen fixing Bacteria and Cyanobacterial Associations written by Claudine Elmerich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-19 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This self-contained volume covers fundamental and applied aspects of nitrogen-fixation research. The book describes milestones in the discovery of the associative and endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria found involved with cereal crops, forage grasses, and sugar cane. It provides a comprehensive overview of their phylogeny, physiology, and genetics as well as of the biology of their association with their host plants, including tools for in situ localization and population-dynamics analysis. Also included are chapters describing the functions required for a bacterium to be competent and competitive in the rhizosphere, and analysis of associations of cyanobacteria with fungi, diatoms, bryophytes, cycads, Azolla, and Gunnera.
Download or read book Nitrogen Fixation Fundamentals and Applications written by Igor A. Tikhonovich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen fixation research is presented as a rapidly developing, synergistic area of modern science, using the methods of, and accumulating data from, many fundamental branches of biology and chemistry. These include catalytic mechanisms, protein structure and function, molecular organization of genes and the regulation of their activities, biochemistry of plants and microorganisms, the signalling and surface interactions between organisms, microbial taxonomy and evolution, formal and population genetics, and ecology. The relationships between biological nitrogen fixation research and different branches of applied biology are addressed and analyzed, such as: the monitoring of genetically engineered microorganisms, selection of plant-associated microbes, plant breeding, increasing the protein content of crops, providing ecologically safe food production, and diminishing the chemical pollution of the environment. Immediate impacts and long-term prospects for nitrogen fixation research are presented: both fundamentals and applications.
