Download or read book Genetic Variation for Protein Content and Its Association with Yield Related Traits in Recombinant Inbred Lines Rils Population of Bread Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell With CD Copy written by Pinki and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Bread Making Quality Stability in Wheat Using a Halberd X Len Recombinant Inbred Line Population written by Ashima Poudel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat grain quality has a complex genetic architecture heavily influenced by the growing environment. Consistency in wheat quality not only affects the efficiency of milling and baking but also the quality of end-use products. The objectives of this study were to 1) analyze the different wheat quality parameters in Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) grown under different environments, and 2) to identify Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) associated with quality stability in RILs grown under different environments. A set of 180 RILs derived from two spring wheat lines "Halberd" and "Len" were grown at Uvalde and College Station TX, in the 2009/2010 growing season and at Chillicothe and College Station TX, in 2010/2011 growing seasons. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications within each location. Each line was tested for multiple quality traits that included grain hardness, protein content, dough mixing properties and bread baking quality using Single Kernel Characterization System (SKCS), Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectrometry (NIRS) analysis, mixograph and the Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Sedimentation (SDSS) test. Genetic linkage map construction was carried out with 116 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in the RILs. Then composite interval mapping was carried out to identify QTLs associated with quality traits. The SDSS column height was positively correlated across four environments. Similarly, it was found to have significant positive correlation with mixing tolerance and peak time within and also across locations. However, the SDSS was negatively correlated with the hardness index. The protein percent was not significant with any of the quality traits within and across environments. We were able to detect many QTLs for different quality traits but most of them were site specific. Only a few QTLs were consistent across environments. Most of the QTLs for quality traits i.e., SDSS, peak time, mixing tolerance and hardness index were identified on chromosome 1B. We were able to detect overlapped QTLs for SDSS column height and mixing tolerance on chromosome 1B. Furthermore, overlapping QTLs for mixing tolerance and peak time were detected on an unknown chromosome. We also detected overlapping QTLs for hardness index on chromosome 1B. We identified one stable QTL for SDSS column height on chromosome 4B. This QTL was detected based on the coefficient of variation (CV) for SDSS in four different environments.
Download or read book Molecular Evaluation of Recombinant Inbred Lines in Bread Wheat Triticum Aestivum L With CD Copy written by Shreya and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Possible Association Between Grain Protein Content and Yield as Influenced by Harvest Index and Biological Yield in Selected Hard Red Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Crosses written by Jose M. Costa and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grain yield and grain protein are often negatively associated in wheat. When yield increases and grain protein decreases, there can be an adverse effect on the milling and baking quality if the desired end product is bread flour. It has been suggested that this inverse association is the result of selecting for a higher harvest index (ratio of grain yield to total biomass), to enhance grain yield. Parents, Fl, F2, and F3 generations of three crosses and reciprocal backcrosses of one cross were space-planted to study the association of grain protein content with grain and biological yields, harvest index, and related traits. Selection P5221, a high protein selection, was a common parent in crosses with three different genotypes. Differences were observed among generations within crosses for biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, grain protein content, grain hardness, and protein yield. The coefficients of variation for the measured traits were low for the three crosses. No associations between grain protein content and grain yield were observed in the populations studied. The largest association detected was between harvest index and grain protein. The r values ranged from -0.39 to -0.46, and rho was not different from -0.50 in two of the crosses. Path coefficient analyses revealed that this association was mostly due to the direct effect of harvest index on grain protein content, with little direct or indirect effect via other plant traits. In the cross P5221/ORCR 8313, biological yield exhibited a moderately large (0.64) direct effect on grain protein content; however this was offset by the negative indirect effect of tiller number. The R2 of the path analyses were relatively small for the three crosses, indicating that most of the variation in grain protein content was not explained by the variables included in the analyses. A possible negative association between grain protein content and harvest index, although moderate, suggests that selection for high yield should not be based on further increases of harvest index because grain protein could decrease.
Download or read book Heritability Estimates and Associations for Protein Content and Grain Yield Involving Four Winter Wheat Crosses Triticum Aestivum Vill Host by Polat Solen written by Polat Solen and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Four agronomically and genetically diverse winter wheat parents were utilized as the experimental organisms. Atlas 66 and NB 68513 were selected as cultivars with a high and stable protein content when grown under different environmental condidtions. They are intermediate for grain yield when grown in the Pacific Northwest. Yamhill and Hyslop represented low protein, high yielding cultivars adapted to the Pacific Northwest. Data were obtained from crosses between the two high protein cultivars and the two low protein cultivars based on the performance of the parents and the F1 and F2 generations. These experimental populations were grown in 1971 at the Pendleton Experiment Station and the Central Oregon Experimental site at Madras, Oregon. Measurements were made on an individual plant basis for protein content, grain yield, 50 kernel weight, kernels per spike, tillers per plant and plant height. Differences among and within crosses were determined by the analysis of variance. Information concerning the nature of inheritance was obtained by comparing the F1 and F2 means in relation to performance of the parents; the frequency distribution of the generations for protein content; and by determining broad and narrow sense heritability estimates for the six characters studied. The existence of possible phenotypic associations among the six characters studied was determined by using correlation coefficients. In order to evaluate the possible direct and indirect effects of grain yield and the components of yield on protein content, path coefficient analyses were employed. Significant differences were observed among and within crosses at both the Pendleton and Madras sites for most characters measured. The F1 and F2 mean values were found to be near the mid-parent of the two parents in all four crosses for plant height, 50 kernel weight and kernels per spike. There were several exceptions depending on the particular cross and specific character. Protein content mean values were also intermediate between the two parents for the F1 and F2 generations. In crosses involving Hyslop, the mean values tended to be near the highest parent. Little or no transgressive segregation was noted in the F2 generation. Evidence of non additive gene action was noted both for grain yield and tiller number in the F1 and F2 generations with the mean values exceeding the highest parent in all crosses for grain yield at the Pendleton site. Tillers per plant at Pendleton and both tillers per plant and grain yield at Madras also showed some degree of hybrid vigor, but the magnitude depended on the particular cross. The high broad and narrow sense heritability estimates obtained both at Pendleton and Madras for all traits suggested that there was a large amount of genetic variation present for the characters studied. The narrow sense estimates further suggested that a high percentage of the total genetic variation was due to genes which function in an additive manner. Significant negative correlations were noted between protein content and grain yield including some of the components of yield. In evaluating the direct and indirect effects with path coefficient analysis, these negative associations resulted from the large negative indirect effects of 50 kernel weight and kernels per spike on protein content via grain yield at the Madras site. At the Pendleton site, where moisture became a limiting factor, the negative association resulted largely as the indirect effect of 50 kernel weight on protein content through grain yield. The large environmental influence on protein content was particularly striking at the Pendleton site. With the spring application of nitrogen, a delay in maturity for Hyslop and Yamhill was noted and with the subsequent loss of moisture, shriveled grain resulted and hence a higher protein content with lower grain yield. This resulted in the grain protein of Hyslop and Yamhill being higher than that of Atlas 66 and NB 68513. The results of this study suggest that it may be necessary to compromise in attempting to develop high protein lines with maximum yield. However, it should be possible to increase the protein content two to three percent and still maintain the yielding ability of Hyslop and Yamhill.
Download or read book Genetic Studies on the Simultaneous Improvement of Grain Yield and Grain Protein Content in Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell written by Solomon Kibite and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of End use Quality Traits in Soft White Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Kendra Lyn Gregory Jernigan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is used in diverse baked products that require specific end use quality traits. Kernel texture, flour water absorption capacity, gluten strength, starch composition, and other flour constituents all influence overall flour functionality and dough rheology, specifying both wheat market class and intended end product. Wheat breeders need to develop cultivars with superior end-use quality traits, while also optimizing important agronomic traits. Our first objective was to use a genetic linkage map and 207 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from a soft white 'Coda' by 'Brundage' cross to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for grain, milling, and baking traits. The linkage map was developed using 570 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and 136 simple sequence repeat markers. The RILs were grown in five locations in Idaho and Washington from 2006 to 2013. We detected three QTL on chromosomes 2D, 4B, and 6B that were consistently associated with multiple end-use quality traits. Our second objective was to use a genetic linkage map and 131 RILs from a soft white 'Louise' by 'Alpowa' cross to identify QTL associated with arabinoxylan content and milling traits. The linkage map consisted of 924 SNPs and 41 linkage groups. This population was grown in three Washington locations from 2011 to 2012. We detected 28 QTL associated with seven arabinoxylan content and milling traits. Our third objective was to use 480 advanced breeding lines and Pacific Northwest cultivars to identify molecular markers associated with 21 end-use quality traits. Genotypic data from the iSelect 90K SNP chip was combined with best linear unbiased predictions of historic phenotypic data from the USDA-ARS Western Wheat Quality Laboratory. Genome-wide association mapping in the R package, genome association and prediction integrated tool (GAPIT), detected significant markers for multiple end-use quality traits on chromosomes1B, 1D, 2D, 5A, 5B, and 7A. An improved understanding of the genetic architecture underlying end-use quality traits in wheat may assist breeders with cultivar development for superior end-use quality, particularly by increasing frequencies of favorable alleles in breeding populations. Cultivars with superior end-use quality will allow US wheat producers to maintain domestic and international markets.
Download or read book Dissection of the Association of Spike Traits and Grain Yield Attributes in Bread Wheat Genotypes and F1 Hybrids Derived from Line X Tester Mating written by R.K Yadava and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present investigation was undertaken with the objective to evaluate the nature and magnitude of genetic variability and correlation of different spike traits and other character association with grain yield. Eighteen diverse bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.em Thell.) genotypes and 72 F1 lines were evaluated to estimate the extent of association with respect to spike traits and grain yield. The coefficient for genotypic correlation for most of the character combination was higher in magnitude, as compared to corresponding phenotypic correlation coefficient, indicating largely the strong inherent nature of traits recorded in the present investigation. The yield per plant exhibited positive and strong association with all the traits except with 100 grain weight. From the present investigation, it could be suggested that breeder has to work cautiously for any breeding program aimed at improving particularly the 100 grain weight.
Download or read book Phenotypic Stability and Principal Component Analysis for Yield and Quality Traits in Advanced Lines of Bread Wheat T Aestivum L Em Thell With CD Copy written by Shobhna Yadav and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Recombinant Inbred Lines RILs of Bread Wheat for Thermo Response at Seedling Stage with CD Copy written by Vikas Sharma and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Combining Ability Analysis for Spike Traits and Other Yield Attributes in Bread Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell with CD Copy written by Babita Gollen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies Cereals written by Jameel M. Al-Khayri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-11 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the development of innovative modern methodologies towards augmenting conventional plant breeding, in individual crops, for the production of new crop varieties under the increasingly limiting environmental and cultivation factors to achieve sustainable agricultural production, enhanced food security, in addition to providing raw materials for innovative industrial products and pharmaceuticals. This Volume 5, subtitled Cereals, focuses on advances in breeding strategies using both traditional and modern approaches for the improvement of individual crops. It addresses important staple food crops including barley, fonio, finger millet, foxtail millet, pearl millet, proso millet, quinoa, rice, rye, tef, triticale and spelt wheat. The volume is contributed by 53 internationally reputable scientists from 14 countries. Each chapter comprehensively reviews the modern literature on the subject and reflects the authors own experience.
Download or read book Application of Biotechnologies to Wheat Breeding written by M. M. Kohli and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 1998 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crop Stress and its Management Perspectives and Strategies written by B. Venkateswarlu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-22 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crops experience an assortment of environmental stresses which include abiotic viz., drought, water logging, salinity, extremes of temperature, high variability in radiation, subtle but perceptible changes in atmospheric gases and biotic viz., insects, birds, other pests, weeds, pathogens (viruses and other microbes). The ability to tolerate or adapt and overwinter by effectively countering these stresses is a very multifaceted phenomenon. In addition, the inability to do so which renders the crops susceptible is again the result of various exogenous and endogenous interactions in the ecosystem. Both biotic and abiotic stresses occur at various stages of plant development and frequently more than one stress concurrently affects the crop. Stresses result in both universal and definite effects on plant growth and development. One of the imposing tasks for the crop researchers globally is to distinguish and to diminish effects of these stress factors on the performance of crop plants, especially with respect to yield and quality of harvested products. This is of special significance in view of the impending climate change, with complex consequences for economically profitable and ecologically and environmentally sound global agriculture. The challenge at the hands of the crop scientist in such a scenario is to promote a competitive and multifunctional agriculture, leading to the production of highly nourishing, healthy and secure food and animal feed as well as raw materials for a wide variety of industrial applications. In order to successfully meet this challenge researchers have to understand the various aspects of these stresses in view of the current development from molecules to ecosystems. The book will focus on broad research areas in relation to these stresses which are in the forefront in contemporary crop stress research.
Download or read book Drought phenotyping in crops From theory to practice written by Philippe Monneveux and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-02-12 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This topic is a unique attempt to simultaneously tackle theoretical and practical aspects in drought phenotyping, through both crop-specific and cross-cutting approaches. It is designed for – and will be of use to – practitioners and postgraduate students in plant science, who are grappling with the challenging task of evaluating germplasm performance under different water regimes. In Part I, different methodologies are presented for accurately characterising environmental conditions, implementing trials, and capturing and analysing the information this generates, regardless of the crop. Part II presents the state-of-art in research on adaptation to drought, and recommends specific protocols to measure different traits in major food crops (focusing on particular cereals, legumes and clonal crops). The topic is part of the CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme’s efforts to disseminate crop research information, tools and protocols, for improving characterisation of environments and phenotyping conditions. The goal is to enhance expertise in testing locations, and to stimulate the development and use of traits related to drought tolerance, as well as innovative protocols for crop characterisation and breeding.
Download or read book Cereals and Millets written by Chittaranjan Kole and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-28 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of the seven-volume series Genome Mapping and Molecular Breeding in Plants, this book covers Cereals and Millets, which provide staple food for most of the earth’s population. This book includes chapters on rice, wheat, maize, barley, oats, rye, sorghum, pearl millet, foxtail millet and finger millet. The emphasis is on advanced research on the major crops, including the model plants maize and rice, as well as on future road maps of genomic research for the less-often considered but equally deserving cereals and millets.
Download or read book Genetic Resources Chromosome Engineering and Crop Improvement written by Ram J. Singh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-01-13 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarizing landmark research, Volume 2 of this essential series furnishes information on the availability of germplasm resources that breeders can exploit for producing high-yielding cereal crop varieties. Written by leading international experts, this volume offers the most comprehensive and up-to-date information on employing genetic resources t
