Download or read book Genetic Variation and Competitive Ability in the Invasive Grass Phalaris Arundinacea L reed Canary Grass written by Amy L. S. Gifford and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Herbivory on the Growth and Competitive Ability of Reed Canary Grass Phalaris Arundinacea written by Lisa A. Kratzer and published by . This book was released on with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Herbivory plays an important role in plant community structure in many ecosystems through preferential selection, plant regrowth, and seed transport. Phalaris arundinacea, reed canary grass, is a prevalent wetland invasive species consumed by geese, muskrats, and snails. We lack a clear understanding of how herbivory impacts P. arundinacea's invasion potential. Therefore, I sought to understand the effect of herbivory by generalist macrograzers and micrograzers on the competitive dominance of P. arundinacea in created wetlands, especially the degree to which herbivory alters the competitive relationship between P. arundinacea and Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail). To address this enclosure/exclosure cages were constructed in June 2013. Half of the plots contained only P. arundinacea and half were placed along the edge between P. arundinacea and T. latifolia. In caged treatments, amber snails (Succinea putris) were either included or removed. Control plots without cages assessed the effect of larger grazers. I predicted that herbivory would negatively impact the growth of P. arundinacea, and mixed plots would allow T. latifolia to spread into the P. arundinacea zone. Choice experiments were conducted with Branta canadensis, Canada geese, and S. putris to evaluate their preference for P. arundinacea or T. latifolia. I did not find any significant differences in P. arundinacea growth due to grazing but competition with T. latifolia did impact P. arundinacea. Edge plots at RIT had a significantly reduced growth rate compared to stems from plots containing P. arundinacea only. In choice experiments, geese showed a preference for P. arundinacea over Typha, whereas snails showed no preference. Despite the observed preference, I was unable to demonstrate effects of herbivory in the field. Herbivory appears to play a minor role in P. arundinacea's success as an invasive plant in created wetlands, with other factors, such as competition for light and nutrients of potentially greater importance."--Abstract.

Download or read book Studies on Genetic Variation in Reed Canarygrass Phalaris Arundinacea L written by Liv Østrem and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Phenotypic Plasticity of Native and Invasive Genotypes of Phalaria Arundianacea L reed Canary Grass to Temperature and Moisture Regimes written by Manisha V. Patel and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current ecological and evolutionary studies have attempted to describe the factors contributing to species invasion success. Traits such as high competitive ability and phenotypic plasticity may contribute to successful establishment of an introduced species into new habitats. These traits may be subject to positive selection pressure in this new environment that may further contribute to invasiveness of the species. Phalaris arundinacea, native to Europe, has undergone genetic changes since its introduction and subsequent invasion in North America. Genotypes from the native (Czech Republic and France) and invasive (Vermont and North Carolina) ranges of P, arundinacea were used to determine whether genetic differences have led to differences in growth, reproductive output and phenotypic plasticity. Plants were grown in the greenhouse under low (21- 24°C /15.5-18°C day/night) and high temperature (31-34°C / 21-24°C day/night) and four moisture levels (25%, 50%, l00%, and l00%+) for 12 weeks. Survivorship of P. arundinacea declined with increasing temperature. Invasive genotypes had significantly greater total biomass, above-ground biomass, below-ground biomass, stem height, and tiller production than natives under all treatment conditions. Phenotypic plasticity for these traits was present in P. arundinacea, however, no differences were detected between native and invasive genotypes. Evolutionary changes have caused enhanced growth and reproduction in invasive genotypes and maintained phenotypic plasticity in P. arundinacea. The combination of aggressive growth and phenotypic plasticity may contribute to the invasion success of P. arundinacea within its introduced range.

Download or read book Effects of Genotypes Soil Moisture and Competition on the Growth of an Invasive Grass Phalaris Arundinacea L Reed Canary Grass written by Shannon Leslie Morrison and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Genetic Variability in Forage Yield and Quality in Reed Canarygrass Phalaris Arundinacea L written by Kay H. Asay and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evolutionary Potential for Increased Invasiveness written by Caleb T. Corliss and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Restoration Ecology and Invasive Species Management written by Thea A. Evenstad and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Invasive Reed Canary Grass phalaris Arundinacea and Carbon Sequestration in a Wetland Complex written by Jonathan S. Bills and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terrestrial carbon sequestration is one of several proposed strategies to reduce the rate of carbon dioxide (CO2) accumulation in the atmosphere, but the impact of plant invasion on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage is unclear. The results of past studies are often confounded by differences in vegetation and environmental conditions. Reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) is an herbaceous species that invades riparian fringes and wetlands throughout North America, including Beanblossom Bottoms - a wetland complex in south-central Indiana. Because of the prolific growth of P. arundinacea, it was hypothesized that significant alterations in SOC pools and dynamics would occur at invaded sites within the wetland complex. To test this hypothesis, study plots were established in areas colonized either by native herbaceous species or by P. arundinacea. Above and below-ground biomass were collected at the middle and end of the growing season and were analyzed for cellulose, lignin, acid detergent fiber, total phenolics, and organic carbon and nitrogen concentration. Soil samples were analyzed for SOC and nitrogen, bulk density, pH, and texture. The biomass of Scirpus cyperinus - a native wetland species was found to contain significantly (P

Download or read book Conservation Biology for All written by Navjot S. Sodhi and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-01-08 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation Biology for All provides cutting-edge but basic conservation science to a global readership. A series of authoritative chapters have been written by the top names in conservation biology with the principal aim of disseminating cutting-edge conservation knowledge as widely as possible. Important topics such as balancing conversion and human needs, climate change, conservation planning, designing and analyzing conservation research, ecosystem services, endangered species management, extinctions, fire, habitat loss, and invasive species are covered. Numerous textboxes describing additional relevant material or case studies are also included. The global biodiversity crisis is now unstoppable; what can be saved in the developing world will require an educated constituency in both the developing and developed world. Habitat loss is particularly acute in developing countries, which is of special concern because it tends to be these locations where the greatest species diversity and richest centres of endemism are to be found. Sadly, developing world conservation scientists have found it difficult to access an authoritative textbook, which is particularly ironic since it is these countries where the potential benefits of knowledge application are greatest. There is now an urgent need to educate the next generation of scientists in developing countries, so that they are in a better position to protect their natural resources.

Download or read book Invasive Plant Ecology written by Shibu Jose and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-01-09 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invasion of non-native plant species, which has a significant impact on the earth’s ecosystems, has greatly increased in recent years due to expanding trade and transport among different countries. Understanding the ecological principles underlying the invasive process as well as the characteristics of the invasive plants is crucial for making good management decisions to address this problem. Invasive Plant Ecology includes chapters derived from presentations at conferences such as the World Congress of the International Union of Forestry Research Organizations (IUFRO), as well as contributions from invited renowned authors. The chapters include both original research and syntheses of current knowledge on specific topics. Actions essential for coordinated approaches to curtail plant invasion include increasing awareness of the ecological impacts of alien plants and employing novel control strategies. This book provides a foundation in invasion ecology by examining ecological theories and case studies that explain plant invasions, their impacts, management strategies, and the ecological economics. The chapters describe ecological characteristics, mutualistic associations, microbial communities, and disturbance regimes that affect the spread of invasive plants. The book also covers spatial analysis and predictive modeling of invasive plants. The final chapters offer guidelines for ecological management and restoration of invaded areas and describe the economics of the invasive plant issue. This collection contains case studies from around the world, giving readers a real view of the extent of the invasive species issue along with real-world strategies. With its focus on the ecological aspects of plant invasion, this book provides an important reference for students, scientists, professionals, and policy makers who are involved in the study and management of alien invasive plants and ecosystems.

Download or read book Factors that Influence Dominance by Reed Canary Grass phalaris Arundinacea L in Wet Meadows written by Suzanne Marie Kercher and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tidal Freshwater Wetlands written by Aat Barendregt and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Canadian Journal of Botany written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Best Management Practices for the Invasive Phalaris Arundinacea L reed Canary Grass in Wetland Restorations written by Carrie H. Reinhardt and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research developed a predictive understanding of P. arundinacea (a perennial grass) dominance in prairie pothole wetland restorations and investigated potential control techniques. A large-scale field experiment demonstrated that the most effective way to control P. arundinacea is a combination of later season herbicide applications to maximize rhizome mortality, and burning to reduce the P. arundinacea seed bank density.

Download or read book New Models for Ecosystem Dynamics and Restoration written by Richard J. Hobbs and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As scientific understanding about ecological processes has grown, the idea that ecosystem dynamics are complex, nonlinear, and often unpredictable has gained prominence. Of particular importance is the idea that rather than following an inevitable progression toward an ultimate endpoint, some ecosystems may occur in a number of states depending on past and present ecological conditions. The emerging idea of “restoration thresholds” also enables scientists to recognize when ecological systems are likely to recover on their own and when active restoration efforts are needed. Conceptual models based on alternative stable states and restoration thresholds can help inform restoration efforts. New Models for Ecosystem Dynamics and Restoration brings together leading experts from around the world to explore how conceptual models of ecosystem dynamics can be applied to the recovery of degraded systems and how recent advances in our understanding of ecosystem and landscape dynamics can be translated into conceptual and practical frameworks for restoration. In the first part of the book, background chapters present and discuss the basic concepts and models and explore the implications of new scientific research on restoration practice. The second part considers the dynamics and restoration of different ecosystems, ranging from arid lands to grasslands, woodlands, and savannahs, to forests and wetlands, to production landscapes. A summary chapter by the editors discusses the implications of theory and practice of the ideas described in preceding chapters. New Models for Ecosystem Dynamics and Restoration aims to widen the scope and increase the application of threshold models by critiquing their application in a wide range of ecosystem types. It will also help scientists and restorationists correctly diagnose ecosystem damage, identify restoration thresholds, and develop corrective methodologies that can overcome such thresholds.

Download or read book Population Genetics of Phalaris Arundinacea L in a Western United States Wetland written by Susanne Canwell and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to determine the ploidy number in Phalaris arundinacea at the Refuge, a second study began in July of 2013.We used the same large transects for a second study on the Refuge as well as an area called Lower Pine Lake. Lower Pine Lake was the site of several plantings, according to annual and bi-annual manuscripts kept at the refuge since 1938. Prior to the onset of the second study, we hypothesized that the Phalaris arundinacea ploidy number could either be tetraploid or hexaploid. Through evaluation in the ARS-USDA lab using of a Partec Cyflow unit, we concluded that tetraploid was the only ploidy number present.