Download or read book Genetic Response of Forest Systems to Changing Environmental Conditions written by Gerhard Müller-Starck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changing environmental conditions substantially affect genetic variation and its dynamics in forest ecosystems and various systems of plantations. In response to these challenges, the present book focuses on the response to stress in terms of case studies which address physiological and genetic characters as well as various metric traits. Furthermore a choice of studies is presented which refers to diversity and geographic variation of various species and site conditions, respectively. In addition, genetic resources are characterised and a variety of studies is compiled which address reproduction and migration as well as management aspects. Finally, a set of studies is presented which focus on forest tree breeding with respect to uncertain climatic futures.
Download or read book Genetic Response of Forest Systems to Changing Environmental Conditions written by G. Müller-Stark and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forest Genetics and Sustainability written by Csaba Mátyás and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-11-30 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 4th International Consultation on Forest Genetics and Tree Building, held in 1998 in Beijing, China, leading scientists were invited to review past achievements, to redefine the role of forest genetics and breeding in contemporary forestry, and to set priorities for future research and development. On the basis of the invited presentations, the volume summarizes the state of knowledge in various fields, such as the impact of forest management and of changing environmental conditions on genetic resources, and the value of genetic markers as indicators for adaptational potential, as well as the tasks of conservation. Detailed reports from the different continents provide a comprehensive diagnosis of the global situation of forest genetics and tree breeding research. The book offers not only an overview of contemporary trends and expected future developments, but also identifies current main problems in funding and cooperation. It may prove therefore useful not only for scientists, university lecturers and advanced students in the field of forestry, ecology and conservation biology, but also for decision makers and managers in companies and conservation organizations.
Download or read book Forest Conservation Genetics written by Andrew Young and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2000-07-24 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest management must be sustainable not only in ecological, economic and social, but also genetic terms. Many forest managers are advocating and developing management strategies that give priority to conserving genetic diversity within production systems, or that recognise the importance of genetic considerations in achieving sustainable management. Forest Conservation Genetics draws together much previously uncollected information relevant to managing and conserving forests. The content emphasises the importance of conserving genetic diversity in achieving sustainable management. Each chapter is written by a leading expert and has been peer reviewed. Readers without a background in genetics will find the logical sequence of topics allows easy understanding of the principles involved and how those principles may impact on day-to-day forest planning and management decisions. The book is primarily aimed at undergraduate students of biology, ecology, forestry, and graduate students of forest genetics, resource management policy and/or conservation biology. It will prove useful for those teaching courses in these fields and as such help to increase the awareness of genetic factors in conservation and sustainable management, in both temperate and tropical regions.
Download or read book Genetics and Improvement of Forest Trees written by Yuji Ide and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-08-16 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest tree improvement has mainly been implemented to enhance the productivity of artificial forests. However, given the drastically changing global environment, improvement of various traits related to environmental adaptability is more essential than ever. This book focuses on genetic information, including trait heritability and the physiological mechanisms thereof, which facilitate tree improvement. Nineteen papers are included, reporting genetic approaches to improving various species, including conifers, broad-leaf trees, and bamboo. All of the papers in this book provide cutting-edge genetic information on tree genetics and suggest research directions for future tree improvement.
Download or read book Genetics of Forest Ecosystems written by K. Stern and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the world natural forest ecosystems have been, and are being massively disrupted or destroyed. The boreal forests of Canada are no more immune to man's intervention than the tropical rain forests of Africa, and the day is rapidly approaching when natural forest ecosystems, undisturbed by man, will be found only as remnants in national parks and other protected areas. Yet where they continue to exist these ecosystems are an extraordinarily rich, though relatively neglected source of data that illuminate many aspects of the classic theory of evolution. The subject matter of this book is not, however, confined to natural forest ecosystems. Forest ecosystems under varying degrees of management, and man made forests are also a rich source of information on ecological genetics. In general, however, it can be said that the published evidence of this fact has not yet significantly penetrated the botanical literature. All too frequently it is confined to what might be termed forestry journals. It is hoped that this book will to some extent redress the balance, and draw attention to a body of published work which not only provides a basis for the rational management and conservation of forest ecosystems, but also complements the literature of ecological genetics and evolution. The first draft of Chapters I to V was written in German by the senior author and translated by E. K. MORGENSTERN of the Canadian Forestry Service.
Download or read book Responses of Northern U S Forests to Environmental Change written by Robert A. Mickler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Five years of research carried out by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Services' Northern Global Change Program, contributing to our understanding of the effects of multiples stresses on forest ecosystems over multiple spatial and temporal scales. At the physiological level, reports explore changes in growth and biomass, species composition, and wildlife habitat; at the landscape scale, the abundance distribution, and dynamics of species, populations, and communities are addressed. Chapters include studies of nutrient depletion, climate and atmospheric deposition, carbon and nitrogen cycling, insect and disease outbreaks, biotic feedbacks with the atmosphere, interacting effects of multiple stresses, and modeling the regional effects of global change. The book provides sound ecological information for policymakers and land-use planners as well as for researchers in ecology, forestry, atmospheric science, soil science and biogeochemistry.
Download or read book Challenges in Managing Forest Genetic Resources for Livelihoods written by Barbara Vinceti and published by Bioversity International. This book was released on 2004 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues concerning forest genetic diversity; Cases studies from IPGRI's research project; Lessons learned and applicability of reserch outcomes.
Download or read book Forest Tree Gene Regulation in Response to Abiotic and Biotic Stress written by Yuepeng Song and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The forest ecosystem is the largest terrestrial ecosystem on earth. It not only has the highest biological productivity and the strongest ecological effect, but can also maintain carbon and oxygen balance and control temperature rise. With the rapid development of the economy, climate change has become the largest challenge to the continuation of forest ecosystem. With constantly changing climate, environmental conditions including CO2 concentration, temperature, intensity of rainfall and the probability of extreme weathers are all affected. In particular, extreme heat, extreme drought and intense fall will become more frequent and widespread. Climate change has a great impact on all ecosystems, especially forest ecosystems. As the largest carbon pool on the earth, these area play a very important role in mitigating global climate change. It is necessary to understand what changes have taken place in the growth and development of trees under climate change, the changes that have taken place in the regulation mechanism of trees when multiple stresses occur at the same time, and to determine the regulation mechanism of trees under new stresses? This book presents relevant results from scientific research in the fields of forest tree gene regulation in response to abiotic and biotic stresses that can contribute to the understanding of forest response mechanisms to different environmental signals and provide a new insight for tolerant tree improvement.
Download or read book Studying Tree Responses to Extreme Events written by Achim Bräuning and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-06-05 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trees are among the longest-living organisms. They are sensitive to extreme climatic events and document the effects of environmental changes in form of structural modifications of their tissues. These modifications represent an integrated signal of complex biological responses enforced by the environment. For example, temporal change in stem increment integrates multiple information of tree performance, and wood anatomical traits may be altered by climatic extremes or environmental stress. Recent developments in preparative tools and computational image analysis enable to quantify changes in wood anatomical features, like vessel density or vessel size. Thus, impacts on their functioning can be related to climatic forcing factors. Similarly, new developments in monitoring (cambial) phenology and mechanistic modelling are enlightening the interrelationships between environmental factors, wood formation and tree performance and mortality. Quantitative wood anatomy is a reliable indicator of drought occurrence during the growing season, and therefore has been studied intensively in recent years. The variability in wood anatomy not only alters the biological and hydraulic functioning of a tree, but may also influence the technological properties of wood, with substantial impacts in forestry. On a larger scale, alterations of sapwood and phloem area and their ratios to other functional traits provide measures to detect changes in a tree’s life functions, and increasing risk of drought-induced mortality with possible impacts on hydrological processes and species composition of plant communities. Genetic variability within and across populations is assumed to be crucial for species survival in an unpredictable future world. The magnitude of genetic variation and heritability of adaptive traits might define the ability to adapt to climate change. Is there a relation between genetic variability and resilience to climate change? Is it possible to link genetic expression and climate change to obtain deeper knowledge of functional genetics? To derive precise estimates of genetic determinism it is important to define adaptive traits in wood properties and on a whole-tree scale. Understanding the mechanisms ruling these processes is fundamental to assess the impact of extreme climate events on forest ecosystems, and to provide realistic scenarios of tree responses to changing climates. Wood is also a major carbon sink with a long-term residence, impacting the global carbon cycle. How well do we understand the link between wood growth dynamics, wood carbon allocation and the global carbon cycle? Papers contribution to this Research Topic will cover a wide range of ecosystems. However, special relevance will be given to Mediterranean-type areas. These involve coastal regions of four continents, making Mediterranean-type ecosystems extremely interesting for investigating the potential impacts of global change on growth and for studying responses of woody plants under extreme environmental conditions. For example, the ongoing trend towards warmer temperatures and reduced precipitation can increase the susceptibility to fire and pests. The EU-funded COST Action STREeSS (Studying Tree Responses to extreme Events: a SynthesiS) addresses such crucial tree biological and forest ecological issues by providing a collection of important methodological and scientific insights, about the current state of knowledge, and by opinions for future research needs.
Download or read book Forest Health and Biotechnology written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American chestnut, whitebark pine, and several species of ash in the eastern United States are just a few of the North American tree species that have been functionally lost or are in jeopardy of being lost due to outbreaks of pathogens and insect pests. New pressures in this century are putting even more trees at risk. Expanded human mobility and global trade are providing pathways for the introduction of nonnative pests for which native tree species may lack resistance. At the same time, climate change is extending the geographic range of both native and nonnative pest species. Biotechnology has the potential to help mitigate threats to North American forests from insects and pathogens through the introduction of pest-resistant traits to forest trees. However, challenges remain: the genetic mechanisms that underlie trees' resistance to pests are poorly understood; the complexity of tree genomes makes incorporating genetic changes a slow and difficult task; and there is a lack of information on the effects of releasing new genotypes into the environment. Forest Health and Biotechnology examines the potential use of biotechnology for mitigating threats to forest tree health and identifies the ecological, economic, and social implications of deploying biotechnology in forests. This report also develops a research agenda to address knowledge gaps about the application of the technology.
Download or read book Introduction to Quantitative Genetics in Forestry written by Gene Namkoong and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book THE STATE OF THE WORLD s FOREST GENETIC RESOURCES written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-05-25 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication was prepared based on information provided by 86 countries, outcomes from regional and subregional consultations and commissioned thematic studies. It includes: •an overview of definitions and concepts related to Forest Genetic Resources (FGR) and a review of their value; •a description of the main drivers of changes; •the presentation of key emerging technologies; •an analysis of the current status of FGR conservation, use and related developments; •recommendations addressing the challenges and needs. By the FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.
Download or read book Forest Tree Gene Regulation in Response to Abiotic and Biotic Stress written by Gaya Herrington and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The forest ecosystem is the largest terrestrial ecosystem on earth. It not only has the highest biological productivity and the strongest ecological effect, but can also maintain carbon and oxygen balance and control temperature rise. With the rapid development of the economy, climate change has become the largest challenge to the continuation of forest ecosystem. With constantly changing climate, environmental conditions including CO2 concentration,temperature,intensity of rainfall and the probability of extreme weathers are all affected. In particular, extreme heat, extreme drought and intense fall will become more frequent and widespread. Climate change has a great impact on all ecosystems, especially forest ecosystems. As the largest carbon pool on the earth, these area play a very important role in mitigating global climate change. It is necessary to understand what changes have taken place in the growth and development of trees under climate change, the changes that have taken place in the regulation mechanism of trees when multiple stresses occur at the same time, and to determine the regulation mechanism of trees under new stresses? This book presents relevant results from scientific research in the fields of forest tree gene regulation in response to abiotic and biotic stresses that can contribute to the understanding of forest response mechanisms to different environmental signals and provide a new insight for tolerant tree improvement.
Download or read book Genetic Effects of Air Pollutants in Forest Tree Populations written by Florian Scholz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollutants provide environmental conditions that drastically differ in many respects from those to which forest trees are naturally adapted. Leading experts in the field here consider these questions of immediate relevance arising from the changing environment: (1) Do air pollutants introduce effects of selection that differ from those known for populations that are not subject to such stress conditions? (2) If air pollutants introduce quantitatively or even qualitatively novel selective effects, which consequences might arise from the adaptation of forest tree populations to the present conditions as well as for the preservation of adaptability to future conditions? In addition to these questions, concepts for preservation of genetic resources are discussed.
Download or read book Genes Climate and Wood written by G. E. Rehfeldt and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book North American Temperate Deciduous Forest Responses to Changing Precipitation Regimes written by Paul Hanson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-05-12 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large-scale experimentation allows scientists to test the specific responses of ecosystems to changing environmental conditions. Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory together with other Federal and University scientists conducted a large-scale climatic change experiment at the Walker Branch Watershed in Tennessee, a model upland hardwood forest in North America. This volume synthesizes mechanisms of forest ecosystem response to changing hydrologic budgets associated with climatic change drivers. The authors explain the implications of changes at both the plant and stand levels, and they extrapolate the data to ecosystem-level responses, such as changes in nutrient cycling, biodiversity and carbon sequestration. In analyzing data, they also discuss similarities and differences with other temperate deciduous forests. Source data for the experiment has been archived by the authors in the U.S. Department of Energy's Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center (CDIAC) for future analysis and modeling by independent investigators.
