Download or read book Genetic Evaluation of Holstein Cattle Under Subtropical Conditions written by Tahir Usman and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dairying is a vital enterprise and important source of income generation for rural families of many developing countries of the world. Although, Holstein is imported by many tropical countries with the idea to improve the milk production but their performance in these environmental conditions is considerably low compared to the temperate environments. The expression of the inherit genetics worth differs from one environment to another and is significantly swayed by non-genetic factors. Environment and genetic (G x E) interaction plays key role in the expression of full genetic worth of an animal. The range of comfortable temperature in lactating Holstein cattle is between 4-24oC. Above 24oC, heat stress effects can be observed on the cattle, and milk yield markedly decreases above 27oC. In most of the tropical and subtropical countries the ambient temperature rises above 40 C, which is obviously suboptimal for Holstein to maintain their health and production performance. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of various environmental and genetic factors on various productive and reproductive traits of this breed under sub-tropical conditions."
Download or read book Genetic Evaluation of Crossbred Dairy Cattle Population in Tropical Condition written by Nadum Jalal Ismaiel and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies on Genetics of Heat Stress in US Holsteins written by Jarmila Bohmanova and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study was to explore the genetic component of heat stress in U.S. Holsteins using national milk yield data consisting of 57 million first-parity test-day records of 6 million Holstein cows that calved from 1993 through 2004 and weather records from 202 public weather stations. Seven temperature humidity indices were compared in a humid and semi-arid climate for their ability to detect a decline of milk yield due to heat stress. The index with a higher weight on humidity was the best in the humid climate. The index with a larger weight on temperature was the best heat stress indicator in the semi-arid climate. National genetic evaluation for heat tolerance was conducted using a repeatability test-day model. Based on estimated heat tolerance PTAs, the 100 most and 100 least heat-tolerant sires were selected. For each of the 200 sires, official U.S. PTAs from February 2006 were obtained. Sires that were the most heat tolerant transmitted lower milk yields with higher fat and protein contents than did sires that were the least heat tolerant. Daughters of the most heat tolerant sires had better udder and body composition, better type, lower dairy form, slightly higher TPI, longer productive life, higher daughter pregnancy rate, were easier calving and had better persistency than did daughters of the least heat tolerant sires. Heat stress was evaluated as a factor in the genotype x environment interaction on milk production in the United States. Data for the Southeast and Northeast were extracted from the national data set and analyzed separately. Two repeatability models with and without the effect of heat stress were implemented. Both models were fitted with the national and regional data sets. Correlations between breeding values of sires with [equal to or greater than] 100 and [equal to or greater than] 300 daughters in two regions were calculated. When heat stress was ignored (first model), the correlation of regular breeding values between regions for sires with [equal to or greater than] 100 ([equal to or greater than] 300) daughters was 0.85 (0.87). Heat stress as modeled here explains only a small amount of genotype by environment interaction, partly because test day records provide only snapshots of heat stress over a hot season.
Download or read book A Genetic Evaluation of Dystocia in Australian Holstein friesian Cattle written by Sara Elizabeth Juliette McClintock and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Evaluation of the Performance of Holstein Friesian Cattle on Large scale Dairy Farms in Malawi written by Mizeck Gift Gibson Chagunda and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2000 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic and Phenotypic Analyses of Heat Tolerance in Canadian Holstein Cattle written by Ivan Campos and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat stress is the major issue accompanying climatic changes to all agriculture sectors. For the dairy industry, additional attention is paid, since high producing cows have lower thermal tolerance. This thesis presents the identification of temperature-humidity index (THI) thresholds where milk production starts to decrease in Ontario and Quebec, the genetic parameter estimates for heat tolerance in the Canadian Holstein population, and, the potential re-ranking of breeding values when accounting for heat tolerance in the genetic evaluation model. Average THI thresholds of 68, 60, and 57 for milk, protein, and fat yield were identified, respectively. A negative genetic correlation between general additive genetic effect and additive genetic effect for heat tolerance was observed, which shows the antagonistic relationship between production and heat tolerance. Genetic variability for heat tolerance, as well as substantial re-ranking of estimated breeding values were observed especially for high THI. Therefore, selection for heat tolerance is possible and would be particularly interesting for environments with a high average THI.
Download or read book Effect of Environment on Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-02-01 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Guide to Environmental Research on Animals written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Physiological Effects of Environmental Factors on Animals and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1971-01-01 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioclimatic factors and their measurement. Physiologic functions and measurement techniques. Animal characteristics in relation to environmental response. Environment and physiopathology. Design and execution of experiments using domestic animals. Development of research facilities. Research under field conditions.
Download or read book Advances in Breeding of Dairy Cattle written by Julius Van der Werf and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Breeding Strategy to Improve Ethiopian Boran Cattle for Meat and Milk Production written by and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced Dairy Chemistry Volume 2 Lipids written by Patrick F. Fox and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-25 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Advanced Dairy Chemistry series was first published in four volumes in the 1980s (under the title Developments in Dairy Chemistry) and revised in three volumes in the 1990s. The series is the leading reference on dairy chemistry, providing in-depth coverage of milk proteins, lipids, lactose, water and minor constituents. Advanced Dairy Chemistry Volume 2: Lipids, Third Edition, is unique in the literature on milk lipids, a broad field that encompasses a diverse range of topics, including synthesis of fatty acids and acylglycerols, compounds associated with the milk fat fraction, analytical aspects, behavior of lipids during processing and their effect on product characteristics, product defects arising from lipolysis and oxidation of lipids, as well as nutritional significance of milk lipids. Most topics included in the second edition are retained in the current edition, which has been updated and considerably expanded. New chapters cover the following subjects: Biosynthesis and nutritional significance of conjugated linoleic acid, which has assumed major significance during the past decade; Formation and biological significance of oxysterols; The milk fat globule membrane as a source of nutritionally and technologically significant products; Physical, chemical and enzymatic modification of milk fat; Significance of fat in dairy products: creams, cheese, ice cream, milk powders and infant formulae; Analytical methods: chromatographic, spectroscopic, ultrasound and physical methods. This authoritative work summarizes current knowledge on milk lipids and suggests areas for further work. It will be very valuable to dairy scientists, chemists and others working in dairy research or in the dairy industry.
Download or read book Bovine Reproduction written by Richard M. Hopper and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-08-18 with total page 2206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bovine Reproduction is a comprehensive, current reference providing information on all aspects of reproduction in the bull and cow. Offering fundamental knowledge on evaluating and restoring fertility in the bovine patient, the book also places information in the context of herd health where appropriate for a truly global view of bovine theriogenology. Printed in full color throughout, the book includes 83 chapters and more than 550 images, making it the most exhaustive reference available on this topic. Each section covers anatomy and physiology, breeding management, and reproductive surgery, as well as obstetrics and pregnancy wastage in the cow. Bovine Reproduction is a welcome resource for bovine practitioners, theriogenologists, and animal scientists, as well as veterinary students and residents with an interest in the cow.
Download or read book Beef 2007 08 written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Stress and Amelioration in Livestock Production written by Veerasamy Sejian and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-05 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the importance of livestock to the global economy, there is a substantial need for world-class reference material on the sustainable management of livestock in diverse eco-regions. With uncertain climates involving unpredictable extreme events (e.g., heat, drought, infectious disease), environmental stresses are becoming the most crucial factors affecting livestock productivity. By systematically and comprehensively addressing all aspects of environmental stresses and livestock productivity, this volume is a useful tool for understanding the various intricacies of stress physiology. With information and case studies collected and analyzed by professionals working in diversified ecological zones, this book explores the influence of the environment on livestock production across global biomes. The challenges the livestock industry faces in maintaining the delicate balance between animal welfare and production are also highlighted.
Download or read book Livestock s Long Shadow written by Henning Steinfeld and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The assessment builds on the work of the Livestock, Environment and Development (LEAD) Initiative"--Pref.
Download or read book Heat Stress and Animal Productivity written by Anjali Aggarwal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-30 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Anjali Aggarwal is working as a Senior Scientist at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). She holds a PhD degree in Animal Physiology and is involved in research and teaching at post-graduate level. Her area of research work is stress and environmental physiology. She has more than 50 publications, two technical bulletins, four manuals and many book chapters to her credit. She has successfully guided many post-graduate and PhD students. Her major research accomplishments are on microclimatic modification for alleviation of heat and cold stress, mist and fan cooling systems for cows and buffaloes, and use of wallowing tank in buffaloes. Her work involves the use of technology of supplementing micronutrients during dry period and early lactation to crossbred and indigenous cows for alleviating metabolic and oxidative stress and improved health and productivity. Studies are also done in her lab on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes as a result of exercise or exposure to heat stress. Dr. R.C. Upadhyay is working as Head, Dairy Cattle Physiology Division at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (India). He graduated in Veterinary Sciences and obtained his PhD degree in Animal Physiology. His area of recent research is climate change, stress, and environmental physiology. His major research accomplishment is on climate change impact assessment of milk production and growth in livestock. His work also involves studying methane conversion and emission factors for Indian livestock and use of IPCC methodology of methane inventory of Indian livestock. Heat shock protein-70 expression studies in cattle and buffaloes are also done in his lab. Draught animal power evaluation, fatigue assessment, work-rest cycle and work limiting factors form the highlights of his work. Studies on partitioning of heat loss from skin and pulmonary system of cattle and buffaloes and electrocardiographic studies in cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat are also undertaken in his lab. He has more than 75 research papers, four books and several book chapters to his credit. Technologies developed and research done by him include methodology of methane measurement: open and closed circuit for cattle and buffaloes; inventory of methane emission from livestock using IPCC methodology; livestock stress index: thermal stress measurement based on physiological functions; and draught power evaluation system and large animal treadmill system. He received training in Radio-nuclides in medicine at Australian School of Nuclear Technology, Lucas heights, NSW, Australia in 1985 and Use of radioisotopes in cardiovascular investigations at CSIRO, Prospect, NSW, Australia, during 1985-86. He has guided several post-graduate and PhD students. He is recipient of Hari Om Ashram Award-1990 (ICAR) for outstanding research in animal sciences.
Download or read book Environmental Physiology of Livestock written by R. J. Collier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-02-07 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental stress is one of the most significant factors affecting livestock performance and health, and it is only expected to increase with effects of global warming. Environmental Physiology of Livestock brings together the latest research on environmental physiology, summarizing progress in the field and providing directions for future research. Recent developments in estimating heat stress loads are discussed, as well as key studies in metabolism, reproduction, and genetic expressions. Environmental Physiology of Livestock begins with a survey of current heat indexing tools, highlighting recent discoveries in animal physiology, changes in productivity levels, and new technologies available to better estimate stress response. Using this synopsis as a point of orientation, later chapters hone in on major effects of heat stress, including changing metabolic pathways and nutrient requirements, endocrine regulation of acclimation to environmental stress, and reduced reproductive performance. The text concludes with a thorough discussion of environmental effects on gene expressions, providing important insight for future breeding practices. Environmental Physiology of Livestock is a globally contributed volume and a key resource for animal science researchers, geneticists, and breeders.
