Download or read book Genetic Climatology of the Great Lakes Region written by Larry Edwin Hodgins and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Weather and Climate of the Great Lakes Region written by Val L. Eichenlaub and published by Notre Dame, Ind. : University of Notre Dame Press. This book was released on 1979 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains the atmospheric processes underlying the characteristic weather patterns of the Great Lakes region and evaluates the role of air pollution and nuclear power plants.
Download or read book Climate Change in the Great Lakes Region written by Thomas Dietz and published by MSU Press. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People living in the Great Lakes region are already feeling the effects of a changing climate. Shifts in seasonal temperatures and precipitation patterns could have dramatic impacts on the economy, ecology, and quality of life. In this illuminating and thorough volume, leading scholars address the challenge of preparing for climate change in the region, where decision makers from various sectors—government, agriculture, recreation, and tourism—must increasingly be aware of the need to incorporate climate change into their short- and long-term planning. The chapters in this revealing book, written by some of the foremost climate change scholars in North America, outline the major trends in the climate of the Great Lakes region, how humans might cope with the uncertainty of climate change impacts, and examples of on-the-ground projects that have addressed these issues.
Download or read book Hydroclimatology of the Great Lakes Region of North America written by Julie A. Winkler and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-14 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Great Lakes Degree day and Temperature Summaries and Norms 1897 1977 written by Raymond A. Assel and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Daily maximum and minimum air temperatures at 25 locations on the perimeter of the Great Lakes for the period 1897 to 1977 were used to generate long term daily air temperatures and freezing and thawing degree-days (FDD's and TDD's). In addition daily, weekly, and monthly FDD's and daily TDD's were calculated for the 81 summer and 80 winter seasons between 1897 and 1877. this report describes the computational procedure and presents graphs and tables resulting from this analysis. The complete analysis is too voluminous to present in hard copy, but is available on microfilm through World Data Center A, Institure of Arcic and Alpine research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder Colorado 80309.
Download or read book Climate Change in the Upper Great Lakes Region written by Peter J. Sousounis and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Great Lakes Degree day and Temperature Summaries and Norms 1897 1977 written by Raymond A. Assel and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Daily maximum and minimum air temperatures at 25 locations on the perimeter of the Great Lakes for the period 1897 to 1977 were used to generate long term daily air temperatures and freezing and thawing degree-days (FDD's and TDD's). In addition daily, weekly, and monthly FDD's and daily TDD's were calculated for the 81 summer and 80 winter seasons between 1897 and 1877. this report describes the computational procedure and presents graphs and tables resulting from this analysis. The complete analysis is too voluminous to present in hard copy, but is available on microfilm through World Data Center A, Institure of Arcic and Alpine research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder Colorado 80309.
Download or read book THE GREAT LAKES CLIMATE ANALYSIS USING A TWO WAY COUPLED 3 D GREAT LAKES ATMOSPHERE REGIONAL MODEL WITH DATA ASSIMILATION METHODOLOGY written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : The objective of this work is to provide the best estimation of physical state of the Great Lakes using the two-way coupled Great Lakes-Atmosphere Regional Model (GLARM) integrated with Data Assimilation (DA) methodology. The aim of the first part is to understand the lake internal process that determines the relationship between lake surface temperature (LST) and lake thermal variations. A 3-D hydrodynamic model was used to examine the nonlinear processes of water mixing and ice formation that caused changes in lake heat content and further variation of LST. The results show that heat content trends do not necessarily follow (and can even be opposed to) trends in LST. In addition, the lake total lake heat content, thermal properties, length of stratification periods, and lake stability intensity were analyzed using validated GLARM 3-D results from 1983-2016. Furthermore, the lake thermal variations were analyzed using physical stability indices. The results reveal that climate change would not only affect the air-lake energy exchange but can also alter lake internal dynamics. In the second part, a Great Lakes forecast system with both long-term and short-term predictions is presented. A downscaled, robust, and sophisticated two-way coupled GLARM model was used to project the climate change over the Great Lakes region over the periods of 2030 - 2050 and 2080 - 2100. Two Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) emissions scenarios (RCP4.5, RCP8.5) were included. As a result, the stress in air temperature and precipitation during the period of 2080 - 2100 under the high emission scenario (RCP8.5) will be exacerbated with larger spatial variability compared with the medium emission scenario (RCP4.5). For lake conditions, annual mean LST of Lake Erie shows the largest changes among the five lakes. The decrease in the mean lake ice coverage is projected over all the five lakes, while the largest decrease occurs along the coast. Furthermore, the application of DA using Lake Erie as a case study was evaluated. The results show that DA can effectively improve the model performance with limited observational data. The data assimilative model also improves forecasting accuracy and restrains the forecasting uncertainty to an acceptable level on a timescale of 1-7 days after unleashed from DA.
Download or read book Summary of Great Lakes Weather and Ice Conditions Winter 1978 79 written by Bernard H. DeWitt and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seasonal Variations in Great Lakes Design Wave Heights written by Donald T. Resio and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tables of 5-day extremal parameters are presented, along with a methodology for the calculation of design wave heights for variable intervals of time during the year. A brief description of the Great Lakes Climatology is included to provide a meteorological context for the wave height variations throughout the year. (Author).
Download or read book Climate Change in the Great Lakes Region written by Stephen Wittman and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report presents a summary of the "Starting a public discussion" series of eight seminars on climate change and some of its likely effects on Wisconsin and the Great Lakes region that were held at seven locations around the state in 2007."
Download or read book Weather Climate of Great Lakes written by Val Eichenlaub and published by University of Notre Dame Press. This book was released on 1979-05-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Summary of Great Lakes Weather and Ice Conditions Winter 1976 77 written by Frank H. Quinn and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Great Lakes Surface Water written by G. J. Irbe and published by Environment Canada, Atmospheric Environment Service = Environnement Canada, Service de l'environnement atmosphérique. This book was released on 1992 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study to determine the normal structure of the Great Lakes surface water temperature field and the normal variability in the field throughout the year. Grid point temperature data were used to compute the daily normal temperature and variability through the year at the grid point locations. Daily mean temperature and standard deviation were computed for each of the days of the year, for every grid point and for each lake as a whole. The lake-wide daily mean temperature and standard deviation tables and the annual temperature curves are based directly on the results of the data analyses. The beginning-of-month and middle-of-month temperature/variability maps were constructed by plotting the computed grid point temperature and standard deviation values for the corresponding day and then contouring the temperature and variability patterns.
Download or read book Climate Change in the Great Lakes Region written by Thomas Dietz and published by Michigan State University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People living in the Great Lakes region are already feeling the effects of a changing climate. Shifts in seasonal temperatures and precipitation patterns could have dramatic impacts on the economy, ecology, and quality of life. In this illuminating and thorough volume, leading scholars address the challenge of preparing for climate change in the region, where decision makers from various sectors—government, agriculture, recreation, and tourism—must increasingly be aware of the need to incorporate climate change into their short- and long-term planning. The chapters in this revealing book, written by some of the foremost climate change scholars in North America, outline the major trends in the climate of the Great Lakes region, how humans might cope with the uncertainty of climate change impacts, and examples of on-the-ground projects that have addressed these issues.
Download or read book Understanding the Impacts of Historic Climate Variability and Climate Change on Lakes in the Great Lakes Region written by Mishar Vimal and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Lakes and wetlands are prevalent in the Great Lakes Region of the United States. They play an important role in regional and local hydroclimatology due to the large differences in albedo, heat capacity, roughness and energy exchange in comparison to that of the land surface. Lakes and wetlands affect the regional water cycle by providing additional storage for surface runoff within a watershed. Water leaves the watershed more slowly, which leads to an increase in evaporation and baseflow. Lakes influence the energy cycle by changing the partitioning of energy cycle components (i.e. latent heat, sensible heat, and net radiation) due to differences in albedo, heat capacity, and roughness with vegetative surface. Climate variability and climate change affect the regional scale water and energy cycle by modifying climatic variables such as precipitation, air temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed. These variables influence the seasonal dynamics of lakes including heat storage during the ice-free season and ice cover in the winter. Changes in lake ice and heat storage in turn feedback to local and regional climate making them a potentially important part of the climate system in regions with lots of small lakes (i.e. Great Lakes Region). The overarching goal of this study is to understand the impacts of historic climate variability and climate change on lakes and wetlands in the Great Lakes Region of the United States. To study hydroclimatic impacts, an integrated approach combining in-situ and remotely sensed observations with land surface modeling is adopted. The Variable infiltration capacity (VIC) model with a physically based lake algorithm was used to study the long-term (1916-2007) impacts of historic climate variability and climate change. The VIC model was calibrated and evaluated against daily streamflow, energy fluxes, inundation area, lake water temperature, and lake ice freeze-up and break-up dates. A method for developing depth-area relationships for the lakes in the study domain is derived based on observed bathymetric data for lakes in Michigan and applied to lakes in Minnesota and Wisconsin."--Pages xviii-xix.
Download or read book A Wintertime Frontal Climatology of the Great Lakes written by David A. Cousins and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling and observational studies have shown that the Great Lakes have a significant impact on wintertime cyclones as well as wintertime cold fronts that traverse this region. The purpose of the research is to develop a wintertime frontal climatology of the Great Lakes. Frontal passages were investigated for the winters of 1999/2000 through 2004/2005. Twelve-hour surface maps were used as the basis for identifying fronts that crossed through the Great Lakes Region. A more detailed analysis of the interactions of the fronts with the lakes was made for the winters of 1999/2000 and 2003/2004 using 3 and 1 hour surface maps. Frontal interaction with a lake was investigated by looking at characteristics of both the fronts and the lake/land interaction. The characteristics of the fronts that were examined were frontal intensity/gradient, speed, type, orientation to the lake, precipitation, and the wind shift across the front before it crossed the lake. The lake/land characteristics that were looked at were dewpoint depression, ice coverage, lake temperature, lake/land temperature difference and time of day. The results of the analysis for 1999/2000 and 2003/2004 seasons were combined and evaluated using basic statistics to test the statistical significance of the results.
