Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Yield and Yield Components to Enhance the Level of Heterosis in Sorghum Sorghum Bieolor L Moench written by K. Jhansi Rani and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetics of Yield Heterosis in Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by Jhansi Rani and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-01 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post rainy sorghum is unique to India, which is mostly grown on residual soil moisture in southern states, subjected to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Keeping in view the low heterosis in post rainy hybrids compared to rainy season hybrids, the study was taken up with 41 genotypes to enumerate the approaches for enhancing the level of heterosis. There was a positive relationship between heterosis for grain yield and major yield components. Genetic diversity analysis showed importance of inter as well as intra group divergence in expression of heterosis. There was a general positive trend between hybrid yield and sca effect but at least one general combiner was involved in highest yielding crosses and there was positive relationship between heterosis and mean gca of parents. Major yield components were controlled by non additive gene effects hence it is proposed to breed parental lines with high gca effect with capability to produce high sca effect in hybrid combination to enhance the level of heterosis and productivity. The information in this book is useful for sorghum breeders and geneticists for formulating effective crop improvement programme.
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Yield and Its Components in Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench I Heterosis Combining Ability and the Nature of Genetic Variation in 9x9 Diallel Set II Heterosis Combining Ability and Components of Generation Means in A4x5 Line X Tester Set written by Patil R C. and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Grain Yield and Biochemical Components of Grain in Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by M. T. Vaidivoo and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Yield Its Components and Resistance to Charcoal Rot in Rabi Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by GURARAJA RAO M. R and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heterosis Combining Ability and Breeding Potential Studies for Grain Yield and Yield Components in Guinea Sorghums Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by Aboubacar Toure and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Progress Report on Inheritance and Improvement of Protein Quality and Content in Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance Stability Parameters Genetic Effects and Prediction of Performance in Single Three way and Double cross Hybrids of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by George Anthony Ombakho and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Sugar Yield and Its Related Traits in Sweet Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by R. G. Sandeep and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of the Heterotic Potential of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Adapted to the Southern Africa Region written by Leo Thokoza Mpofu and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production in Africa is widespread with low yields due to low inputs and the lack of sorghum hybrids. This situation has forced most of these farmers to grow maize hybrids since they are readily available in the seed market. Sorghum hybrids could be used if their potential was demonstrated. The objective of this study is to document the level of heterosis in Southern Africa sorghum germplasm. The performance of 52 F1 grain sorghum hybrids and their parental lines was evaluated in four environments. Measurements for grain yield, panicle exsertion, days to mid anthesis and plant height were analyzed to obtain estimates of high parent heterosis. High parent heterosis was observed to be 37.18% for yield, 82.77% for exsertion, 0.02% for days to mid anthesis and 23.7% for height. ICSR-939 and (87EON366*90EON328)-LD30 can be used as testers to develop more female lines for further hybrid seed production in breeding programs because they had the highest general combining ability. Protein content averaged 11.69%. ATx635 had significantly higher protein content than ATx631 (13.49% compared to 9.69%, respectively) and its hybrids had more protein than ATx631 hybrids (11.6% compared to 10.67% for ATx631). Mean heterosis for protein content was negative at -12.5%. This shows that hybrids had lower protein content than their parents since protein content is negatively correlated to grain yield ( -0.35**). Starch content averaged 72.13% and ATx631 hybrids had more starch than ATx635 hybrids (73.16 compared to 72.37% respectively). Two hybrids, ATx. 631/(87EON366*90EON328)-LD30 and ATx631/ ((TAM428*SV1)*CE151)-LD3 had the highest yields (5.04 t/ha and 4.93 t/ha, respectively). These hybrids also had small grains with good hardness and acceptable whiteness. They had good exsertion, flowered in good time and had acceptable plant heights. These two hybrids were compared to regional check varieties Macia and Tegemeo for all traits and they were either superior or within an acceptable range. These two hybrids are therefore recommended for release in the region. There is need therefore to start working on the various components of seed systems in the region so that seed of these two hybrids is made available to farmers who need the seed.
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Fodder Yield and Value in Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by M. G. Vasudeva Rao and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Germination and Juvenile Growth of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench at Different Temperatures written by Alfred Gilbert Olonjubeh Dixon and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heterosis Backcross Analysis and Breeding Potential of One Exotic Cultivar for Grain Yield in Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by Niaba Teme and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sorghum Molecular Breeding written by R. Madhusudhana and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an up-to-date overview of international research work on sorghum. Its comprehensive coverage of our current understanding of transgenic development in sorghum and the strategies that are being applied in molecular breeding make this book unique. Important areas such as genetic diversity, QTL mapping, heterosis prediction, genomic and bioinformatics resources, post-genome sequencing developments, molecular markers development using bioinformatics tools, genetic transformation and transgenic research are also addressed. The availability of the genome sequence along with other recent developments in sequencing and genotyping technologies has resulted in considerable advances in the area of sorghum genomics. These in turn have led to the generation of a large number of DNA-based markers and resulted in the identification and fine mapping of QTL associated with grain yield, its component traits, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance as well as grain quality traits in sorghum. Though a large volume of information has accumulated over the years, especially following the sequencing of the sorghum genome, until now it was not available in a single reference resource. This book fills that gap by documenting advances in the genomics and transgenic research in sorghum and presenting critical reviews and future prospects. “Sorghum Molecular Breeding” is an essential guide for students, researchers and managers who are involved in the area of molecular breeding and transgenic research in sorghum and plant biologists in general.
Download or read book Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding written by Arnel R. Hallauer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-28 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maize is used in an endless list of products that are directly or indirectly related to human nutrition and food security. Maize is grown in producer farms, farmers depend on genetically improved cultivars, and maize breeders develop improved maize cultivars for farmers. Nikolai I. Vavilov defined plant breeding as plant evolution directed by man. Among crops, maize is one of the most successful examples for breeder-directed evolution. Maize is a cross-pollinated species with unique and separate male and female organs allowing techniques from both self and cross-pollinated crops to be utilized. As a consequence, a diverse set of breeding methods can be utilized for the development of various maize cultivar types for all economic conditions (e.g., improved populations, inbred lines, and their hybrids for different types of markets). Maize breeding is the science of maize cultivar development. Public investment in maize breeding from 1865 to 1996 was $3 billion (Crosbie et al., 2004) and the return on investment was $260 billion as a consequence of applied maize breeding, even without full understanding of the genetic basis of heterosis. The principles of quantitative genetics have been successfully applied by maize breeders worldwide to adapt and improve germplasm sources of cultivars for very simple traits (e.g. maize flowering) and very complex ones (e.g., grain yield). For instance, genomic efforts have isolated early-maturing genes and QTL for potential MAS but very simple and low cost phenotypic efforts have caused significant and fast genetic progress across genotypes moving elite tropical and late temperate maize northward with minimal investment. Quantitative genetics has allowed the integration of pre-breeding with cultivar development by characterizing populations genetically, adapting them to places never thought of (e.g., tropical to short-seasons), improving them by all sorts of intra- and inter-population recurrent selection methods, extracting lines with more probability of success, and exploiting inbreeding and heterosis. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding has improved the odds of developing outstanding maize cultivars from genetically broad based improved populations such as B73. The inbred-hybrid concept in maize was a public sector invention 100 years ago and it is still considered one of the greatest achievements in plant breeding. Maize hybrids grown by farmers today are still produced following this methodology and there is still no limit to genetic improvement when most genes are targeted in the breeding process. Heterotic effects are unique for each hybrid and exotic genetic materials (e.g., tropical, early maturing) carry useful alleles for complex traits not present in the B73 genome just sequenced while increasing the genetic diversity of U.S. hybrids. Breeding programs based on classical quantitative genetics and selection methods will be the basis for proving theoretical approaches on breeding plans based on molecular markers. Mating designs still offer large sample sizes when compared to QTL approaches and there is still a need to successful integration of these methods. There is a need to increase the genetic diversity of maize hybrids available in the market (e.g., there is a need to increase the number of early maturing testers in the northern U.S.). Public programs can still develop new and genetically diverse products not available in industry. However, public U.S. maize breeding programs have either been discontinued or are eroding because of decreasing state and federal funding toward basic science. Future significant genetic gains in maize are dependent on the incorporation of useful and unique genetic diversity not available in industry (e.g., NDSU EarlyGEM lines). The integration of pre-breeding methods with cultivar development should enhance future breeding efforts to maintain active public breeding programs not only adapting and improving genetically broad-based germplasm but also developing unique products and training the next generation of maize breeders producing research dissertations directly linked to breeding programs. This is especially important in areas where commercial hybrids are not locally bred. More than ever public and private institutions are encouraged to cooperate in order to share breeding rights, research goals, winter nurseries, managed stress environments, and latest technology for the benefit of producing the best possible hybrids for farmers with the least cost. We have the opportunity to link both classical and modern technology for the benefit of breeding in close cooperation with industry without the need for investing in academic labs and time (e.g., industry labs take a week vs months/years in academic labs for the same work). This volume, as part of the Handbook of Plant Breeding series, aims to increase awareness of the relative value and impact of maize breeding for food, feed, and fuel security. Without breeding programs continuously developing improved germplasm, no technology can develop improved cultivars. Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding presents principles and data that can be applied to maximize genetic improvement of germplasm and develop superior genotypes in different crops. The topics included should be of interest of graduate students and breeders conducting research not only on breeding and selection methods but also developing pure lines and hybrid cultivars in crop species. This volume is a unique and permanent contribution to breeders, geneticists, students, policy makers, and land-grant institutions still promoting quality research in applied plant breeding as opposed to promoting grant monies and indirect costs at any short-term cost. The book is dedicated to those who envision the development of the next generation of cultivars with less need of water and inputs, with better nutrition; and with higher percentages of exotic germplasm as well as those that pursue independent research goals before searching for funding. Scientists are encouraged to use all possible breeding methodologies available (e.g., transgenics, classical breeding, MAS, and all possible combinations could be used with specific sound long and short-term goals on mind) once germplasm is chosen making wise decisions with proven and scientifically sound technologies for assisting current breeding efforts depending on the particular trait under selection. Arnel R. Hallauer is C. F. Curtiss Distinguished Professor in Agriculture (Emeritus) at Iowa State University (ISU). Dr. Hallauer has led maize-breeding research for mid-season maturity at ISU since 1958. His work has had a worldwide impact on plant-breeding programs, industry, and students and was named a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Hallauer is a native of Kansas, USA. José B. Miranda Filho is full-professor in the Department of Genetics, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz - University of São Paulo located at Piracicaba, Brazil. His research interests have emphasized development of quantitative genetic theory and its application to maize breeding. Miranda Filho is native of Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil. M.J. Carena is professor of plant sciences at North Dakota State University (NDSU). Dr. Carena has led maize-breeding research for short-season maturity at NDSU since 1999. This program is currently one the of the few public U.S. programs left integrating pre-breeding with cultivar development and training in applied maize breeding. He teaches Quantitative Genetics and Crop Breeding Techniques at NDSU. Carena is a native of Buenos Aires, Argentina. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/plantsci/faculty/Carena.htm
Download or read book Combining Ability and Heterosis for Stem Sugar Traits and Grain Yield Components in Dual purpose Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Germplasm written by Itai Makanda and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparative Performance and Basis for Differences Among Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Hybrids from Differenct Periods of Sorghum Improvement written by Yilma Kebede and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
